Apo iwe kana munhu waunoda akaonekwa kuti ane chirwere chisingagadziriswi chepemmonary (COPD), chinhu chimwe chechokwadi ndechekuti hupenyu huchave huchachinja. Zviratidzo zvechirwere zvinokonzera nzvimbo yese yehupenyu hwomurwere, kusanganisira kukwanisa kushanda uye kufarira mabasa evanhu. Kana iwe uri shamwari, nhengo yemhuri, kana muchengeti wemumwe munhu ane COPD, kuziva kukosha kwekukanganisa kwakaiswa nechirwere uye kuziva zvaunogona kuita kuti ubatsire zvivako zvakakosha kuti uve neCOPD toolkit yako.
Kana iwe uri kutarisira mumwe munhu ari kuuya kumagumo ehupenyu hwake, panewo mamwe matambudziko ekufungisisa.
Nzira Yokubatsira
Heano dzimwe nzira dzaungagona kubatsira mudiwa wako naCOPD kunzwa zviri nani uye kurarama hukuru hwehupenyu.
Kubatsira Kusvuta Kuchema
Kicking tsika yefodya ndeyekutanga kunokosha kune mumwe munhu ane COPD uye imwe yenzira dzakanakisisa dzekutadzisa kufambira mberi kwechirwere. Heano mazano mashomanana ekubatsira mudiwa wako kusiya:
- Kana iwe utsi, usasvuta mukati meimba kana kupi zvako pedyo newaunoda. Utsi hwechipiri hunokonzera kupfuurira kwemapapu uye hunoita kuti kuwedzerwa kweCOPD. Uyezve, kana mumwe munhu ari kuedza kurega kusvuta, hapana chinotadzisa kusarudza kwake kusiya zvimwe zvinopfuura kunhuhwira kwomumwe munhu achivhenekera. Kana iwe uchifanira kusvuta, ita saizvozvo kunze kwekuti mudiwa wako asiripo.
- Bvisa chero chinhu chinosangana nekusvuta kubva pane zvaunoda. Izvi zvinosanganisira fodya, ashtrays, uye lighters.
- Zvinomuvhiringidza nemamwe maitiro, zviito zvine utano kana chido chichibuda. Edza bhodhi yemutambo, kuunganidza muviri, kana kufamba kune imwe paki.
- Chengeta candy ndiro izere nezvokudya zvekudya zvakagadzikana kuti udzivise izvo zvinoshungurudza zvido.
Dzivisa Zvikuru-Zvakawanda Zvakagadzirwa
Zvishongedzo zvinotapira zvinenge zvakaoma zvinonhuwira, sezvinonhuwira, bvudzi remusoro, zvinyorwa, uye mushure-shave, bvisa zvinonhuwira zvakasimba izvo zvingawedzera kutsamwisa mudiwa wako zvinopisa mhepo, zvichiita kuti zviratidzo zveCOPD zviwedzere.
Paunenge uchitenderedza mudiwa wako, zvakanakisisa kuenda kune unhu.
Saizvozvowo, kupisa kubva mumakemikari akaoma kunogona kukuvadza COPD uye kuwedzera zviratidzo. Shandisa mishonga yekushambidzira isina tsvina paunenge uchichenesa imba yako, uye usakanganwa kupa mhepo yakakwana.
Ziva Zvaunofanira Kuita Munguva Yokukurumidza Kukurumidza Kuwedzera
Kuwedzerwa kweCOPD ndicho chikonzero chimwechete chekuti vanhu vane COPD vanotsvaka kurapwa kwekukurumidza uye vanobvumirwa kuchipatara. Kuwedzera kweCOPD kunowanzosangana nekuipisisa zviratidzo zvakadai sokuperevedza kwefema, inonzi dyspnea , nekukandira. Chengetedza urongwa hwekutsvaga nhamba dzenhare dziri mufoni yako uye ita nechokwadi kuti unoziva kuti unoziva sei njodzi dzisati dzaitika. Iko kunogona kubatsira kutaura nechiremba waunoda pamusoro pezvaunofanira kunge uri kutarisira.
Kurudzira Kugara Uchirovedza muviri
Vanhu vane COPD vachanzwa vari nani-uye varambe vakasimba- nekunonoka muviri . Kana zviratidzo zveCOPD zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kushandisa, kurudzira nzira yekuita basa iro inosanganisira kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma : 3 kusvika kumaminitsi mashanu panguva imwe kazhinji pazuva, kushanda kusvika kwenguva yakareba. Zvechokwadi, iyo yakanyanya kukukurudzira iwe unogona kugovera mudiwa wako ndeyokushanda pamwe chete naye.
Gadzirira Zvokudya Zvakachengetedza uye Zvokudya
Vanhu vane COPD vanoda hutano hwakanaka, hwakanyatsogadzikana kuti huchengete simba rakakwana rokufema uye kupedzisa mabasa avo ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Shandisa michero nemichero mitsva , kuisa zvokudya zvitsvuku uye zvinogadzirwa, sarudza mamwe mapuroteni emvura semiti uye mbeu, uye funga kutenga juicer kusvika juice-up utano hwakanaka. Kudzokera munzira iyo madzitateguru edu akadya ndiyo chinhu chinokosha chekugara kwenguva refu uye kunzwa zvakanaka neCOPD.
Kukurudzira Simba rekuchengetedza
COPD inonyatsobudisa munhu ane simba rinokosha, achisiya zvishomanana zvidimbu zvakadai sekufema uye kudya. Simba rekuchengetedza chikamu chinokosha chekutarisira zvirwere iwe unogona kukurudzira nenzira dzakawanda, kusanganisira:
- Rongedza zvinhu zvakashandiswa zvikuru nemunhu waunoda kuti ave munzvimbo yepamusoro.
- Ronga zvinhu pane mashefuti kuti uve nemaoko akareba kuitira kuti mudiwa wako asafanirwa kusvika kwavari.
- Isa chigaro chewafura mumvura.
Shandisa Fan kana Air Conditioner
Vamwe vanhu vane COPD vanoona kuti faniri inoputira zvakananga pazviso zvavo, kana kuti mudzimu wemhepo inoramba ichienderera mberi, inovabatsira kufema nyore. Kana iri ichokwadi kune waunoda, edza kuisa thermostat pane kutonhora, kunotonhorera kune vose vari mumba. Kana iwe ukawana iwe usinganzwisisiki mumamiriro echitonhorera, sungira zvigaro zvepamusoro kana jira paunenge uri mumba.
Kuvandudza Mhepo Yako Yomukati
Waiziva here kuti mhepo yomumusha dzimwe nguva yakasvibiswa kupfuura kunze kwekunze? Kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo uye kuipa kweCOPD. Kuvandudza hutano hwemhepo yako yomukati kunobatsira kuchengeta mweya iwe nemhuri yako kufema wakachena uye utano.
Batsira Kuparadzira COPD Kuziva
COPD ndiyo yechitatu inokonzera rufu muUnited States, shure kwechirwere chemwoyo chete nekenza, asi zvinoshamisa kuti vanhu vashomanana vanoziva sei nezvazvo. Ihwowo chirwere chakakombererwa nenhema uye zvinyengeri izvo zvinodyiswa nekusaziva. Batsira kuwedzera kukurudzirwa kweCOPD nekuparadzira shoko pamusoro pezvikonzero zvaro, zviratidzo , kuongororwa , kurapwa , nekudzivirira. Heano dzimwe nzira dzaungaita chikamu chako:
- Shanyira Munyika COPD Zuva pa Facebook.
- Shingairira COPD Kudzidzira Chirongwa . Ipa kune ani zvake ane ngozi dzechirwere ichi .
- Tumira yeCOPD isina e-card, yakatsigirwa neNational Heart, Lung, uye Blood Institute.
Mugumo weHupenyu Matambudziko
Kana iwe uchidavira kuti rufu rwemudiwa wako riri kusvika, inguva yekubata nekugadzirisa kuguma kwehupenyu hwake. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuronga, kunyanya apo uri kurwara nechirwere chisingaperi, chinoparadza chinokonzerwa neCOPD. Nemhaka yeizvi, iwe nemhuri yako mungada kufunga kuverenga rubatsiro rwechipatara kuti chikutungamirirei munguva ino.
Iwe uchida kana usasarudza hospice, kana mudiwa wako ari kufa, iwe unogona kunge une mibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pekupa kunyaradza nekusigirwa kwakakwana mumazuva ake okupedzisira. Heano dzimwe nzira dzokubatsira.
Kugadzirisa Zviratidzo
Chiratidzo chekutarisira ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvekuguma kwehupenyu nekuda kwekuti zviratidzo zveCOPD zvinowedzera kuipa mumazuva okupedzisira. Zviratidzo zvinowanzobatanidzwa nekuguma kwehupenyu uye COPD dzinosanganisira kuwedzera kwekuita dyspnea nekukandira , kuwedzera kurwadziwa, kuzvidya mwoyo uye kuora mwoyo, kuvhiringidzika, anorexia, uye cachexia , mamiriro ezvinhu anorondedzerwa nekurema, kurasikirwa kwemusimba, uye kuneta.
Dyspnea uye kuzvidya mwoyo zvakataurwa sekuve zviratidzo zvinotambudza zvikuru zveCOPD zvine chokuita nekuguma kwehupenyu. Kudzora zviratidzo izvi kunosanganisira kuongorora nokungwarira uye kurapwa, zvinoshandiswa nemukoti wako wekuchengetedza, uchishandisa mushonga wemishonga uye kusapindira kwemishonga inosanganisira mishonga inogona kusanganisira mishonga yakaita seyi:
- Bronchodilators kuderedza dyspnea
- Diuretics, kana kuchengetedza kwemvura nekuda kwezvinetso zvemwoyo zvinokonzera kuwedzera dyspnea
- Opioid narcotics, zvichida yakatorwa mumuromo kana mumuromo (pakati pegama nejamu)
- Oxygen therapy , iyo inoshandiswa nokungwarira uye inoratidzwa
- Glucocorticoids kubvira apo mishonga yezvipembenene zvakaipa zvinenge zvisingachafungi panguva iyi
- Benzodiazepines yekusunungurwa kwekutambudzika
- Thorazine yekutambudzika kukuru
Kupindira-kusina kupindira kwemishonga ekutarisira dyspnea yaunogona kuita iwe pachako kana kubatsira mutendi wako pamwe chete:
- Kusimudza musoro wemubhedha wako waunoda zvishoma nemadrigiri makumi matatu
- Mufudzi munyoro anotungamira chiso chako
- Kutsiva-mumhepo kufema
- Relaxation uye maitiro ekuona
- Therapeutic massage
- Music therapy nemararamiro anogara, CD, kana redhiyo
Pain Control
Kudzora kurwadziwa nderimwe nyaya panguva dzekupedzisira dzehupenyu neCOPD uye zvose zvinoshanda zvinofanira kuitwa kuti kuderedzwa kurwadziwa. Mishonga inorwadza inofanira kupiwa zvakapoteredza-awa-awa kuti irege kuwedzera kukura kwekutambudzika nekuda kwemishonga inopfeka kana kunonoka muhutungamiri.
Expectorants uye mucolytics hazvina zvishoma kuderedza kukora panguva dzekupedzisira dzeCOPD. Mimwe nzira inogona kupa rubatsiro rwakanyanya rwekukanganiswa, zvakadai se:
- Huruzi, humidified oksijeni kana kushandiswa kwehuyudidifier muimba.
- Opioids, yakadai se codeine kana morphine, inotorwa nemuromo.
- Nebulized lidocaine, iyo iyo inoshandiswa, inoreva kuti iwe waunoda haafaniri kudya kwemaminitsi makumi matatu mushure mokutungamirirwa nekuda kwedambudziko rekuda.
Iva nechokwadi chekutaura nemurezi weunoda muchengeti wemudiwa pamusoro pemishonga ipi zvayo yezvokurapa.
Kuramba Kudya
Zvakaoma kutarisa mumwe munhu waunoda aramba kudya-kuchengetedza upenyu, asi ichi chiratidzo chakakurumbira pakati pevarwere vanofa. Ichokwadi, mumazuva matatu apfuura vasati vafa, varwere vakawanda havagone kudya.
Zvinonzwisisika, zvisinei, kuve nechokwadi chokuti chimwe chinhu chisingabatsiri pakurasikirwa kwechido, zvakadai sekudzivirira-mavara, maziso mumuromo, muromo wemuromo, kurwadziwa, kana kunyorera. Heano mamwe mazano pamusoro pekudya zvinovaka muviri uye hydration pamagumo ehupenyu:
- Kana mudiwa wako asinganzwi sokuda kudya, usamumanikidzira kuti adye.
- Kupa zvokudya zvaanofarira, pasinei noutano hunokosha. Kana achida ice cream yekudya kwemanheru, ipe iyo.
- Funga nezvekuchengetedza fodya kudyara kana ichi chiri chinhu icho mudiwa wako akaratidza chido chake.
- Ipa nguva dzose kutarisa mumuromo uchishandiswa shandisa mhepo swabs uye ice chips kuti urege kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu ane chokuita nekudzikisa mvura.
Kusanganiswa
Kana murwere weCOPD ari musimba, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kuvhiringidzika, kusanganisira:
- Mishonga
- Hypoxia
- Kutambudzika kusingadzorwi
- Kusakwanisa kurara
- Urinary retention
- Kusiyanisa kwepfungwa
Mishonga inofanira kuendeswa kune chinokonzera kana ichigona kugadziriswa. Semuenzaniso, kana chikonzero chinokonzera kuvhiringidzika is hypoxemia, kusava kwe okisijeni muropa, zvino kuwedzerwa okisijeni kunogona kushandiswa kuigadzirisa. Kana yakabatana nekuchengetwa kwekuvhenekera, unogona kurukura Foley catheter kuiswa pamwe nemukoti wako.
Kuora mwoyo
Kuguma kwoupenyu hwemunhu kunogona kuva nguva yekufungisisa zvakadzama kune vose varwere nemhuri. Inogonawo kuva nguva yekusuwa kukuru. Kungobata ruoko rwomudiwa wako uye kuteerera kunogona kupa nyaradzo iyo mashoko asingagoni. Iva nechokwadi chekutarisa chero zvido zvemweya izvo mudiwa wako angave nazvo. Unogona kunge uchida kubvunza muprista, mufudzi, kana mupi wezano kuti abatsire. Kurudzirai mudiwa wenyu kutaura pamusoro pemanzwiro ake uye kugadzirisa nyaya dzisingagadziriswi pachena uye pachena.
Apo Rufu Rwapera
Kana rufu rwava pedyo, muviri unotanga kupfiga. Zviratidzo zveizvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kuwedzera kwehope
- Kuwedzera kuvhiringidzika uye kushungurudzika
- Zviratidzo uye mazano
- Kusateerera uye / kana kusaziva
- Kuderedza kufarira kune zvokudya kana mvura
- Kubva kune vamwe
- Kusakwanisa kudzora matumbo uye / kana chikafu
- Kupera mukushisa kwemuviri; ganda rinonzwa rinotonhorera kumubata
- Rima, yakanyanyisa urini; kuderera mumuguta
- Kuwedzera, kusadzivirirwa kunorwadza
- Kufema kusina kufanana
- Kudzora kana mamwe mheremhere inotambudza yakanzwa apo kufema
- Kushamisira kwekungoita
- Kuchinja kweropa, kupumha, uye moyo wekutengesa
- Kurasikirwa kwezvirwere
Mushure mekufa
Mushure mekunge wadikanwa wako apfuura, hapana mubvunzo kuti unonzwa kunzwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwekusunungurwa, kutsamwa, kusuruvara kukuru. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti izvi zvinowanzoitika uye chikamu chekuchema. Usazeza kutsvaka rubatsiro. Pane zvakawanda zvingashandiswa zvinogona kukubatsira kugadzirisa kushungurudzika kwako, uye iwe pachako, famba mberi nehupenyu hwako.
> Sources:
> Curtis JR. Kuwedzera uye Kuguma-Kweupenyu Kurarirwa Nevarwere Vane COPD Yakasimba. European Respiratory Journal . Svondo 2008; 32 (3): 796-803. doi: 10.1183 / 09031936.00126107.
> Mayo Clinic. COPD: Kuziva nekurapa. Mayo Clinic Staff. Yakapedzwa musi waAugust 11, 2017.
> Spathis A, Booth S. End of Life Kuchengetedza Zvisingagadziriswi Zvirwere Zvirwere Zvirwere: Mukutsvaga Rufu Rwakanaka. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . 2008; 3 (1): 11-29. doi: 10.2147 / COPD.S698.