Hapana huwandu hweutsi hwechipiri hunochengeteka
Utsi hwechipiri, hunozivikanwawo sekusasvuta kusvuta, hunovapo semugumisiro wokufema mune zvinosvibisa mumhepo kubva mumidziyo yefodya. Maererano neAmerica Lung Association, kusvuta kunobva kune fodya kunosvika 7 000 makemikari anokonzera, uye kune aya, makumi manomwe anozivikanwa kuti ane chokuita nekenza (carcinogenic).
Izvi zvinoreva kuti nguva imwecheteyo mumwe munhu achivhenekera fodya, mishonga inouraya yakadai seBenene, formaldehyde, vinyl chloride, arsenic ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, uye carbon monoxide inosunungurwa mumhepo.
Sezvo vanhu vanoputa vanyora zvinhu izvi zvine uturu zvakananga, vasingasviki vanozviita nenzira isina kurongeka, semugumisiro weutsi hwechipiri.
Zvinorevei
Utsi hwechipiri hunobatanidza mhando mbiri dzoutsi: utsi huzhinji, huri kunyatsobudiswa kubva kumunhu ari kusvuta, uye utsi husingafari, hunobva pamagumo emuchiri wakatsva. Zvose zviri zviviri zvine zvimwe zvinokonzerwa necarcinogens.
Secondhand Smoke Deaths
IAmerican Lung Association inofungidzira kuti utsi hwechipiri hunokonzerwa nevakafa vanopfuura 40 000 gore negore. Hapana huno hwakachengeteka hweutsi hwechipiri. Kunyangwe kusununguka kwemukati kunogona kukonzera kurwisa kwemoyo kana kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuipi hunoipa hwehutano. Kuwedzerwa, kusvitsa utsi hwechipiri hunokonzera zvirwere uye kufa nguva isati yasvika kuvana nevakuru vasina kusvuta.
Mapoka ari panjodzi
Kunyange zvazvo munhu wose anotsvaga utsi hwechipiri ari pangozi, mamwe mapoka evanhu ari pangozi yakakura yekusangana nematambudziko makuru anobva kusvuta.
Izvi zvinosanganisira vana vasati vaberekwa uye vacheche, vana nevechiri kuyaruka, uye vanhu vane astmma kana mamwe mamiriro ekufema, kusanganisira avo vane COPD. Chiremba Mukuru uye Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inokurudzira kuti hapana munhu anosvuta apo vechidiki varipo.
Vakuru
Utsi hwechipiri hunoshushikana hukuru hunopisa mweya.
Izvo zvinogona kukonzera uye kuwedzera kufema kwemamiriro ezvinhu, kusanganisira COPD. Vakuru neCOPD vari kunyanya pangozi pavanoputirwa utsi hwechipiri, kazhinji vachikudziridza kuwedzera kwezviratidzo, kusanganisira kuwedzera kukurumidza kufema, kufuta, uye kukonzera masi. Uyezve, utsi hwechipiri hunoita sechirwere chikuru chemafi. Kunhuhwirira kwehutsi hwehupfeko kana ganda kunokwana kuti utange zviratidzo.
Yakasarudzwa neEPA sevanhu vemapapu emukemikari, utsi hwechipiri hunokonzera anenge 3 400 kanha yemapapu yekufa pamwaka muAmerica vasingatendi. Izvo zvinokonzera pakati pe 22,700 kusvika kuvanomwe 69 600 muUnited States kubva kune chirwere chemwoyo gore rega rega, uye kunyange zvazvo zvidzidzo zvinowedzera zvinodiwa kusimbisa hukama huno, hwave huchibatanidzwa nekurohwa uye kuoma kweyeriyuta.
Vacheche uye Vacheche
Apo mukadzi anosvuta panguva yekuzvitakura, mwana asati aberekwa anowana oksijeni shoma uye anowedzera huwandu hwekhabhoni monoxide muropa rake. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kumwero wakakwirira wokupererwa pamuviri, kuberekwa nguva isati yasvika, kuberekwa, uye kamwe kamwe kamuviri kufa syndrome (SIDS). Vacheche vakaputira utsi hwefodya mudumbu vanovewo pangozi yepamusoro kuberekwa kuwanda uye mamwe matambudziko. Uyezve, kune hukama hwakajeka pakati pekusvuta panguva yekudzivirira uye SIDS.
Kutaura zvazviri, vana vemadzimai vanosvuta vanopfuura kaviri vanogona kufa neSIDS kupfuura vana vasiri kusvuta.
Vana nevechiri kuyaruka
Kunyange zvazvo kune mashoko akanaka ekutsvaga utsi hwechipiri huri kupera mumakore gumi adarika, 37 muzana yevana veAmerica (24 mamiriyoni) vachiri kusangana neutsi hwechipiri, maererano neAmerican Lung Association.
Nemhaka yokuti vana vane madiki emhepo, vanonyanya kufarira utsi hwechipiri kupfuura vanhu vakuru. Mwana paanoona utsi hwechipiri, simba rake rokufema rinenge risina simba, sezvo mhepo inopisa ichiputika uye izere nemasikisi. Izvi zvinoita kuti vawedzere kunetseka zviratidzo zvakadai sekukanganiswa uye kuputika uye kazhinji kunotungamirira kumapfupa ekufema.
Utsi hwechipiri hunobatanidza ne7 500 kusvika ku15 000 hospital hospitals zvecheche nevana vaduku gore negore uye zvinotungamirira kufa kwe13 kusvika ku21 muvana gumi nemwedzi gumi nemana kana kupfuura gore negore. Uyezve, nokuti utsi hwechipiri hunovhiringidza kufamba kwemapapu, iyo inokonzera simba kune vana vane chirwere chemafi, vachipa 8,000 kusvika 26,000 mitsva miviri gore negore muvana. Iyo inozivikanwawo kuti iwedzere zviratidzo zvechirwere muna 400,000 kusvika ku1 000 000 vana vane asthma.
Vana nevechidiki vevabereki vanosvuta kwete kungoerekana vawedzera zvirwere zvinopfurikidza zvekupemha asi vane dambudziko rakawanda kubva kwavari. Utsi hwechipiri hunozivikanwawo hunobatanidzwa nehutachiona hutachiona hwepakati, pneumonia, uye bronchitis muvana.
Kuyaruka kwevechidiki uyewo hutano hwakanyanya hanya. Hazvishamisi kuti vechidiki vevabereki vanosvuta vanosvuta ivo pachavo. Vechidiki havazi kungoziva kuti kusvuta ndekupi, asi vanogona kutora muropa kwenguva pfupi.
Nzira Yokudzivirira Kushandura
Izvo zvinokosha zvikuru kana iwe uine chero rudzi rwekupemha chimiro, kusanganisira asthma neCOPD, kuti hausi kungosiya kusvuta asiwo kudzivisa utsi hwechifambisi zvakare. Nhanho dzinotevera dzinogona kutorwa mukuedza kudzivirira kusununguka:
- Usambobvumira munhu kusvuta mukati memusha wako, hofisi, kana motokari.
- Tsanangura tsananguro yako ye "musha usina utsi" kune wese anofamba. Vanhu vane hanya newe zvechokwadi vacharemekedza nekusimbisa mitemo yenyu yeimba.
- Deredza hutano hwekutsiva mumba mako nekubvisa madota ose.
- Sarudza vaeni uye nhengo dzemhuri, kana vachifanirwa, kuti vasvuta kunze, kure nemasuo akazaruka kana masuo.
- Usawanzoenda kunzvimbo uko vanhu vari kusvuta. Kana iwe uchifanira kuva mune imwe nzvimbo umo kusvuta kwevanhu kuri kuitika, gara kana kumira munzvimbo ine nzvimbo yakachena, isina kusvuta munzvimbo iyoyo.
- Kana nhengo dzemhuri dzichiputa, ratidza kuti vanorega.
- Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda ari kunetseka kusiya, taura neboka rako rehutano nezvekuwana rubatsiro. Nicotine inoshandiswa pakushandurwa uye mamwe mishonga inowanika uye inogona kuwedzera mikana yako yekubudirira kupedza.
- Dzokai, kana kuratidza mudiwa wako kubatana nekumira kusvuta boka rekutsigira.
Kunyange zvazvo mitemo isina utsi iripo mumaguta mazhinji enyika yose, zvakawanda zvinoda kuitwa kuti zvidzivirire hutano hwevanhu vose, kunyanya vana. Kuenderera mberi nedzidzo muzvikoro zvedu uye kubasa kunogona kubatsira kubvumira nyaya iyi yakaoma. Munhu wese ane kodzero yekufema mweya wakachena, mutsva, pasina mungozi yeutsi hwechipiri.
> Sources:
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Zviratidzo Zvinokosha: Kusiyana Kwevanhu Vasingatauri 'Kutaridzirwa Kumusvi Wechipiri - United States, 1999-2012. Kushungurudza uye Kufa Vhiki Yevhiki. February 6, 2015; 64 (4): 103-8.
> Migumisiro yezvehutano hweShumbhoni yepiri. American Lung Association.