Hapana imwe nhengo mumuviri inobatsira zvakakwana kune imwe neimwe sangano semwoyo. Iko basa remoyo kupompa ropa, neropa rayo rinopa upenyu uye mishonga, kumatumbu ese emuviri. Kana iyi pombi ichipera, nhengo dzinokosha dzakadai seuropi uye itsvo dzinotambura. Uye kana mwoyo ukarega kushanda zvachose rufu inowanikwa mumaminitsi. Upenyu pachahwo hunoenderana zvachose nekushanda kwakanaka kwemoyo.
Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti chirwere chemwoyo chive chakaipa.
Chirwere chepfungwa chinouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Chimwe chirwere chemwoyo chinokanganisa mushumo wemwoyo, zvimwe zvinokanganisa mavheti emwoyo, zvimwe zvinokanganisa magetsi emwoyo, uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa maronary arteries. Aya marudzi akasiyana ezvirwere zvepfungwa anogona kuchinja mwoyo nenzira dzakasiyana siyana.
Asi dambudziko guru kune marudzi ose ezvirwere zvepfungwa ndeyokuti, nenzira imwe kana imwe, vanogona kuvhiringidza kukosha kwekupemha chiito chemoyo.
Heino kuongororwa kwechirwere chemwoyo mune maitiro akawanda. Nokutevera hukama huri peji ino, unogona kuenda zvakadzama sezvamunoda pakudzidza pamusoro pemarudzi makuru ezvirwere zvemoyo. Iyi kuongororwa inogoverwa kuva zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru:
- Chikamu 1 - Mwoyo Unoshanda Sei - Chidimbu chepfupi pamusoro pemaitiro uye kushanda kwemwoyo.
- Chikamu 2 - Dambudziko reMwoyo Mukuderera - Chiziviso kune maitiro makuru evanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa, ine huzhinji hwehukama kusvika mune zvakadzikidzirwa.
- Chikamu 3 - Nzira Yokudzivirira Njodzi Dzepfungwa - Chii chaungaita kuti ubatsire kudzivirira chirwere chemwoyo.
CHIKAMU 1 - Mwoyo Wakanaka
Mwoyo unonyanya simba uye pombi isina simba. Inoumbwa nemakamuri emisimba ayo anobvumirana kusundira ropa kuburikidza nemavhesi uye chirongwa chevhavha inochengetedza ropa richifamba zvakanaka, uye nenzira yakarurama.
Verenga pamusoro pemakamuri emwoyo nemagetsi .
Sei mwoyo uchiramba uchirova? Uye "inoziva" sei, uye nekukurumidza, kurohwa sei? Mhinduro ndeyokuti: Mwoyo une gadziriro inogadzirisa magetsi inogadzirisa kushaya kwemwoyo, uye iyo inogadzirisa kukomba kwakafanana kwemakamuri akasiyana-siyana emwoyo. Verenga pamusoro pemagetsi emagetsi .
Kuti uite zvose izvi zvinosungirirwa mumashure kumativi ose, mwoyo unoda ropa guru uye rinopfuurira neropa rega-oxygen. I-coronary arteries ndiyo midziyo inopa ropa iri kumutsipa wemwoyo. Zvinonyanya kukosha kumwoyo uye muupenyu. Verenga pamusoro pemaroto e coronary .
CHIKAMU 2 - Dambudziko reMwoyo Mukudzika
Izvo zvinowanzoshanda pamwoyo uye maitiro epascular zvinogona kuvhiringidzwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemamiriro. Mune hutsva iyi, tichaparadzanisa marudzi akasiyana-siyana ehutano hwemwoyo muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana: maronary artery chirwere nekurwadziwa kwemoyo, mwoyo kusagadzikana, chirwere chemwoyo, valdiac arrhythmias, uye zvirwere zvevascular.
Coronary Artery Disease uye Heart Attacks
Coronary artery disease (CAD) yakajairika munharaunda dzekuMadokero uye inokonzera chikonzero chekufa nekuremara. Mune CAD, atherosclerotic plaques inoumbwa mumakamuri emakironi.
Heino mhedziso shomanana yemakoroni arteri chirwere .
Coronary artery plaques inokonzera marudzi maviri makuru ematambudziko. Kutanga, kana mabheji ava akawandisa, anogona kutanga kuvhiringidza kuteura ropa kuburikidza nemariti. Munguva dzenguva apo mutsara wemwoyo unowanikwa neropa rakakonzerwa rinoda ropa rakawanda (sezvinenge panguva dzekutambudzika kana kurovedza muviri), musero unogona kuva ischemic, kana oxygen-inoshaya nenzara. Ischemia inokonzera mushumo wemwoyo kushanda zvishoma nezvishoma, uye inogona kubvisa chimiro chinokanganisa chechipfuva chisingazivikanwi chinonzi angina . Vanachiremba vanowanzokurudzira catheterizations yemwoyo yevanhu vakambofungidzira CAD, kunyanya kutsvaga mabheti aya anodzivisa.
Kana akawanikwa, mabheti anowanzobatwa ne angioplasty uye inopisa . Zvisinei, humwe huripo hunoratidza kuti vanhu vazhinji vane "ma" makuru anogona kuitawo zvakanaka kana vakarapwa nemishonga uye mararamiro ehupenyu. Heano humwe ruzivo rwekurapa coronary artery chirwere .
Chechipiri, maronary artery plaques inotarisana nekukurumidza. Bhuku rinoputika kakawanda rinokurudzira ropa rinogadzirisa maitiro , zvichigadzira jira rinogona kubvisa kamwe-kamwe mukati. Kuvharirwa kamwe kamwe kweyoroni inokonzerwa neparaptured plaque inonzi inozivikanwa seacute coronary syndrome (ACS) . ACS inogara iri chirwere chekukurumidzira.
Kana kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekuputsika kwepakiti kunongokonzera kana kusingaperi, kunogona kubudisa zvikamu zveinina yakasimba . Kana kuvharidzirwa kwacho kusina chikamu asi kwakaoma, kunogona kubudisa rudzi rwekurwadziwa kwemoyo kunzi seusingaiti ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction ( NSTEMI ). (Kurwadziwa kwemwoyo kunoonekwa kana kana imwe yemwoyo inoshandiswa neropa rakakonzerwa inouraya.) Kana kuvhiringidzika kwapera, kunogona kukonzera rudzi rwakanyanya rwehutano hwemwoyo hunonzi ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction ( STEMI ) . Heano humwe huwandu hwehupfungwa hwekushaya kwemoyo .
Mhando dzose dzeAACS dzinoda kurapwa mishonga nguva pfupi kuti dzigadzirise kusagadziriswa mumarita ekugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa kushungurudzika kune iri pangozi yemutsipa wemwoyo. Kana imwe nguva yechirwere ichi yave ichirapa, chirwere chenguva refu-zvose nemishonga uye nehutsinye hwekurarama-kugadzirisa-zvinokosha kuti kuderedze mikana yekuve nezvimwe zvikamu zve ACS. Verenga pamusoro pokurapa kurwadza kwemoyo . Verenga pamusoro pemishonga kwenguva refu mushure meAACS .
Nemhaka yokuti ACS inogona kukuvadza kusagadzikana kwemoyo kana rufu, uye nokuti kurapwa nokukurumidza kunogona kudzivirira zvinetso izvi zvinokuvadza, zvinokosha kuziva zviratidzo, nekuita nekukurumidza kana iwe uchifunga iwe unogona kuva nechinetso chemoyo. Verenga pamusoro pezviratidzo zveAAC uye nekurwisa mwoyo , uye chii chaunofanira kuita kana iwe uchifunga kuti unenge uine chirwere chemwoyo .
Heart Failure
Kukundikana kwemoyo ndeyekuguma kunowanzoguma nemhando dzakawanda dzezvirwere zvemoyo. Mune kukanganisa kwemwoyo, kukanganisa kwemwoyo kweimwe chimi kana chimwe chinosiya moyo usingakwanisi kuita basa rose rinofanirwa kuzadzisa zvido zvemuviri. Zvizhinji zviratidzo zvingaguma; imwe chiyero chekuremara inowanzoonekwa, sekufa kwekutanga. Zvisinei, kurapwa kwekushaya kwemoyo kwave kwakanyanya kukosha mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, uye vanhu vakawanda vane utera hwemoyo ikozvino vanogona kurarama zvakanaka kwemakore akawanda.
Izvo zvakakosha zviratidzo zvekushaya mwoyo ndeye dyspnea , nyore kuneta, uye zviratidzo zvemwoyo we arrhythmias (kubva pamarpitations kusvika pakufa kamwe), asi zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuitikawo saizvozvo. Verenga pamusoro pezviratidzo zvekushaya mwoyo . Muvanhu vazhinji vane kukundikana kwemoyo, dyspnea ndiyo inonyanya kuratidzwa chiratidzo. Vanhu ava vanowanzoti vane congestive heart failure .
Pane ma "marudzi" mazhinji emwoyo ekukundikana. Izvo zvakakurumbira pane izvi zvinoderedza chirwere chemoyo, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, uye diastolic mwoyo kusakundikana.
Chimiro chinowanzovhiringidza chemoyo chinokonzera chirwere chema cardiomyopathy , iyo inoratidzirwa nekugadzirwa kwakakurumbira kwe ventricle yakasara. Chikonzero chinokonzera chirwere chemoyo chinowanzozivikanwa ndechokuti iyo inowanzoguma yekuguma kwevakawanda, marudzi mazhinji ehutano hwemoyo. Verenga pamusoro pezvikonzero zvinokonzera chirwere chemoyo . Kurapa kwechirwere chekare chinokonzera zvakanyanya mumakore achangobva kupfuura, uye nehutano husingaiti vanhu vane chirwere ichi nhasi vari kurarama kwenguva yakareba, uye vane zviratidzo zvishomanana, pane zvingave zvisati zvamboitika kare. Verenga pamusoro pekurapa kwechirwere chemoyo .
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ihwo hutachiona hunokonzerwa nemwoyo unobereka kuwedzera (hypertrophy) yemutsipa wemwoyo. Inogona kuunza marudzi akawanda ematambudziko emwoyo, kusanganisira mwoyo kusakwanisa. Kuoma kwe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kunowanzosiyana zvikuru kubva kumunhu kusvika kune mumwe munhu uye kunobatana nemhando yakasiyana-siyana yemararamiro (ayo aripo akawanda) ari kurikuita. Mushonga waro unogona kuva wakaoma kwazvo, uye vanhu vazhinji vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vanofanira kuteverwa nguva dzose nechirwere chemapurisa. Mubvunzo wakawanda unouya kune vechidiki vane chirwere ichi ndechokuti vanofanira kubvumirwa kupinda mune zvemitambo, nekuti rufu rwe kamwe kamwe panguva yekushingaira chinhu chakakosha kune vamwe. Verenga pamusoro pekushandisa mazano uye hypertrophic cardiomyopathy .
Mu diastolic mwoyo kusakundikana , nepo kukwanisa kwepfungwa yemwoyo kuputira ropa kunoramba kuripo, mushumo wemwoyo unova wakawandisa "wakaoma" (chirwere chinonzi diastolic dysfunction). Uku kuoma kunokonzera kushushikana kwemoyo, izvo zvinotungamirira kumapapu kusangana uye dyspnea, iyo inowanzova yakaoma zvikuru. Diastolic moyo kusagadzikana kunorapwa mishonga. Chikamu chekurapa ndekukurwisa nekutsamwa kwehutachiona uye chirwere cheshuga, kana zvinetso izvi zviripo.
Dambudziko reMagetsi Emwoyo
Mwoyo mavhavha mana (tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, uye aortic) inobata basa rinokosha mumoyo wemoyo. Vanovimbisa kuti apo mwoyo unorova, ropa rinosununguka mumakamuri emwoyo uye rinotenderera nenzira yakarurama.
Muzhinji, chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi valve chinobudisa maitiro maviri maviri ezvinetso. Zvichida valve inodzima zvishoma, iyo inopesana neropa (chirwere chinonzi stenosis ); kana kuti valve inova yakasvibiswa, zvichiita kuti ropa riyerere munzira isiri iyo apo moyo wemisungo zvibvumirano (chirwere chinonzi regurgitation ). Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kana chirwere chev valvular chikaoma zvakakwana kukanganisa mwoyo chinogona kuguma, pamwe nemigumisiro yese yevarindi-dyspnea, kushaya simba, uye edema. Mukuwedzera, chirwere cheV valvular chinowanzobereka chirwere chemwoyo, kunyanya kushaya firati.
Chirwere chepachivha chemoyo chinokonzera zvikonzero zvakawanda. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaguma nekupererwa kwekuchera chirwere chetachiona kana chirwere chepfungwa cherheumatic , chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi valvular chinonyanya kukonzerwa nemwoyo kusununguka (kana kugadziriswa kwemwoyo ), calcium inogadzika pamagetsi anokwanisa kuitika nekukwegura, uye nehutano hwepenital heart.
Chero ipi zvayo mana mavheti emwoyo anogona kukura kana stenosis kana kudzokerazve. Pulmonary stenosis ndiyo inowanzosangana neyepenital heart valve dambudziko. Pakati pevanhu vakuru, mhando dzakawanda dzinowanikwa mukati mehutano hwepfungwa dzemwoyo ndeye aortic stenosis , aortic regurgitation , mitral stenosis uye mitral kudzoka . Chinetso chinowanzozivikanwa nehutano hwevhu muvanhu vakuru ndeche mitral valve prolapse (MVP) , asi ruzhinji rwevanhu vanoonekwa kuti vane MVP vane hunyoro hwakanyanya husingazogadziri matambudziko emwoyo.
Heino mhedziso yehutachiona hwemwoyo, zvinokonzera, uye kurapa .
Cardiac Arrhythmias
Cardiac arrhythmias zvinetso zvemhepo yemagetsi. Izwi remagetsi yemwoyo rinokonzera kuisa mwoyo wepamwoyo (kushingaira kwemwoyo kunorova), nekugadzirisa kukorongeka kwakarongeka, kwakagadzikana kwemutsipa wemwoyo muatria uye mhepo.
Kushungurudzika kwemagetsi emagetsi emwoyo kazhinji kunowanzoita kuti mwoyo uwedzere kunonoka (bradycardias), kana mwoyo yemitengo yakakurumidza ( tachycardias ). Nenguva dzenguva dzishoma kana dzokurumidza dzedhythmias, hutano hunoenderana hwemwoyo hutachiona hunokanganisa hunogonawo kuvhiringidzika.
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chemwoyo vasina zviratidzo zvachose, chero rudzi rwerhythmia rune simba rokutora kupera , kushaya simba, kana kuchena . Mamwe maitiro e-cardiac arrhythmias anogona kuita zviratidzo zvinotyisa zvakadai sa syncope , uye vamwe vanogona kubudisa kufa kamwe kamwe. Munhu wose ane zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti mwoyo arrhythmia inofanirwa kuve nekuongorora kuongorora kana chirurmia chiripo, uye kana zvakadaro, iyo arrhythmia iyo. Verenga pamusoro pekuongorora hutachiona hwechiguniti .
The bradycardias: Kune maviri maitiro akawanda echirhythmias anobudisa bradycardia. Chokutanga ndechirwere chechivi chechi sinus (chimiro mumoyo chinotangira moyo wemagetsi). Izvi zvinonzi sinus bradycardia . Vanhu vari kuona zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nesusus bradycardia kazhinji vanonzi vane chirwere chinorwara sinus . Rudzi rwechipiri rwebrascarcardia ishoko remoyo , chiitiko icho dzimwe nguva chinobatanidzwa nehomwe bbazi rebazi . Kana brascarcardia iri kuramba ichiratidza zviratidzo kana kuti iri kutyisidzira kuita zvakanyanya, kurapa kwakanakisisa ndiko kuisa pacemaker .
Tachycardias : Tachycardias inogona kubva mumakamuri emagetsi emutima (iyo supraventricular tachycardias, kana SVT ) kana mu ventricles ( ventricular tachycardia kana ventricular fibrillation ).
IvaSVTs mhuri yakakura yemarimthmias ine nzira dzakasiyana uye mishonga yakasiyana. Vanowanzobereka zviratidzo zvakawanda, asi kazhinji haisi kutyisa upenyu. SVT inozikamwa zvikuru uye inonyanya kukosha ndeyekushaya ropa, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha nokuti inowedzera dambudziko rekurohwa. Mamwe mavara akasiyana-siyana eSVT anosanganisira AV-nodal reentrant tachycardia , Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome , uye sinas tacycardia isina kukodzera .
Ventricular tachycardia, uye kunyanya ventricular fibrillation, ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kukanganisa mwoyo uye kufa kamwe kamwe. Nenzira yakawanda nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa idzi urongwa hwekugadzirira kuziva vanhu vari pangozi uye kutora matanho ekuderedza ngozi yekufa kamwe kamwe nekurapa (kana zvichibvira), kana kuisa iyo inogadziriswa .
Kusati kwambova kurohwa: Kuwedzera kune arrimthmias inobereka bradycardia kana tachycardia, vanhu vazhinji vachawana dzimwe nguva vasati vasvika pamwoyo mavanga, zvichibva muAria ( vasati vasvika paatric complexes-PACs ) kana mumhepo inenge isati yasvika ( ventricular premature complexes-PVCs ). Aya magarthmias anowanzogadzira palpitations, asi nezvisizvo zvisingawanzove pane zvimwe zvimwe zvinoguma.
Vascular Disorders
Kunyange zvazvo dzakawanda, zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogona kuchinja mishonga yeropa, izwi rokuti "mwoyo wehutachiona" rinowanzobatanidza zvirwere zvepascular zvinosanganiswa kana atherosclerosis, hypertension, kana chirwere chemwoyo.
Atherosclerosis nehutachiona haisi kungobereka hutano hwehutano, asiwo hutachiona hutachiona hwehutano hunogona kukanganisa chero humwe hutano mumuviri. Kushungurudzwa kwechirwere uye kushandiswa kwechikafu chinokanganisa (TIAs) kakawanda kunokonzerwa ne atherosclerotic vascular disease. Aortic aneurysm , iyo inonyanya kupararira kune vanhu vanoputa, inogona kuva dambudziko rinoparadza iro ringaguma nekuparara nekufa kamwe kamwe. Hypertension inonyanya kukonzerwa neaortic dissection .
Kuwedzera kwehutachiona hwepulmonary , kuwedzera kwepfungwa mumapurmita arteri, kunowanzokonzerwa nehutachiona hwepfungwa, uye zvinowanzoita kuti pave nechirwere chemwoyo. Uyezve, kupemha kwepermonta inogona kuita kuti kuve nekugadzirwa kwemaplumus , iyo iyo inogona kukanganisa kuwedzera kwemapupa.
CHIKAMU 3 - Kudzivirira Mwoyo Dambudziko
Mhando dzakawanda dzechirwere chepfungwa dzinonyanya kudzivirirwa, kana tikangoteerera kutambudzika kwepfungwa yedu, uye tora matanho anokwanisa ekudzikisa.
Zvakakosha kutora dambudziko rako pachako. Zvakakodzera, iwe unofanirwa kushanda nachiremba wako kuti uite chirongwa chekuisa pangozi. Asi iwe unogona kuita chikonzero chakarurama chekuzviongorora iwe pachako . Kana njodzi yako iri pasi, iwe unofara! Ingoyeuka mupfungwa dzako zvinhu zvaunofanira kunge uchiita (uye kwete kuita) kuchengeta iyo nenzira iyo . Kune rumwe rutivi, kana chirwere chako chepfungwa chakanyanyisa, iwe une rimwe basa raunofanira kuita. Heino maitiro aunofanira kuita nehutano hwakanyanya hwechirwere chemoyo .
Heino mamwe mazano anobatsira pamusoro pezvinonyanya kukosha mungozi yepfungwa:
Ropa lipids: Cholesterol uye triglyceride ropa mazinga zvakanyanyobatanidzwa nehutano hwemwoyo. Nhasi mirayiridzo pamusoro pekurapa ropa lipids inotarisa kukosha kwekunatsiridza mararamiro, uye pamashandisirwo akakodzera emishonga yemagetsi.
Kusvuta: Kusvuta fodya inogona kunge iri iyo yakanyanya kuisa njodzi yekufa kare, nokuti inowanzobereka nguva isati yakwana chirwere chemwoyo uye inowedzerawo mukana wekenza. Kusvuta kunonyanya kukanganisa mwoyo uye kunowedzera ngozi yakareba kwenguva refu uye yenguva pfupi .
Hypertension: High blood pressure , muurayi anouraya, zvinowanzokonzera zviratidzo zvisati zvave zvichikonzera kukanganisa mwoyo, uropi, itsvo kana chimwe chikamu chinokosha chemuviri. Zvakakosha kuti munhu wose ave neropa rake rinongororwa nguva nenguva, uye kana kuwedzera kwehutano kuchiwanikwa, kuve nechokwadi kuti inorapwa zvakanaka .
Kuwedzera muviri: Kunyanya kuwandisa kana kuwandisa kune zvakaipa kune mwoyo uye nemwoyo.
Kudya uine hutano: Kunyange zvazvo pfungwa yekudya-utano hwakanaka yakakakavadzana mumakore achangopfuura ( Mazai ikozvino Akanaka? Mafuta anogutsikana angasave akaipa sezvatakafunga?), Kazhinji, nyanzvi dzinobvumirana pamusoro pezvokudya zvine utano hwemwoyo inofanira kutarisa.
Kudzidzira: Maitiro ehupenyu hwekugara ari akaipa kune mwoyo yemavhudhi; kuwana kuwanda kwekurovedza muviri kwakanaka kune mwoyo .
Chirwere cheshuga: Chirwere cheshuga chinhu chikuru chinokonzera chirwere chemwoyo , uye kana une chirwere cheshuga unofanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti uri kuita zvose zvaunokwanisa kuti uchengetedze pasi pekutonga kwakanaka.
Kushungurudzika: Kunyanya kushungurudzika kunobatsira mukati mehutano hwemwoyo , asi zvinogona kukushamisa iwe kuziva kuti chii chinokonzera kushungurudzika uye nei chiine simba. Iwe unogona kudzvinyirira nzira yako kune moyo wakagwinya.
Shoko Rinobva
Vanhu vanozvidzidzisa uye vanoita basa rinoita mukugadzirisa zvipatara zvinowanzova nemigumisiro yakanakisisa yezvoutano. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune chero chinetso chekurapa; zvinonyanya kuitika kana une dambudziko remoyo.
Kune marudzi mazhinji akasiyana ehutano hwemwoyo, uye ose ane zvinokonzera zvakasiyana, zvisizvo, uye marapirwo. Kana uine chirwere chemwoyo, iwe unogona kurarama hupenyu hurefu uye hupenyu huno kana iwe ukadzidza zvose zvaunogona pamusoro pehutano hwako hwemwoyo. Ne ruzivo irworwo, iwe uchakwanisa kushanda zvakanyanya pamwe nachiremba wako kuita rudzi rwekuongorora kwemoyo uye kutora mhando dzemishonga inonyatsokodzera iwe.
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