Maawa mashomanana ekutanga anokosha
Kuoma kwepfungwa yepamwoyo (inonziwo myocardial infarction , kana MI) ndeyekukurumidzira kwechiremba. Kuva neMM kunoreva kuti imwe yemakoroni ako eroni yakangoerekana yavharwa, uye mutsara wemwoyo unowanikwa neyo arteri inotanga kufa. Kutanga nekurapa kwechiremba kurapwa kwakakosha kuti urambe wakagadzikana nehutano hwemwoyo yenyu uye kudzivirira kana kuderedza zvinetso zvemazuva mazhinji kubva pamwoyo wekurwadziwa kwemoyo.
Zvokutanga zvinokosha zveAacute Heart Attack
Zvokutanga zvinokosha mushure mekunge masvika muchipatara neMika inogona kuitika ndeyi:
- Kuita kuti zviratidzo zvako zvinokosha (kupisa uye kuwedzerwa kweropa) zvive zvakasimba
- Kugadzirira kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa anokwanisa kuonekwa (akadai se ventricular fibrillation )
- Kuti uone kana iwe uine MI
Kuongorora hutachiona hwakanyanya hwekurwadziwa kwemoyo - iyo ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) - inowanzoita nyore kuti vanachiremba vaite. Izvo zvinoitwa nekutsvaga maitiro ekuchinja pane ECG .
Kana iwe uine maitiro mashoma eM MI, iyo isiri STEMI (iyo inowanzoreva kuti arteri haina kunyatsodziviswa zvachose), kuongororwa kunogona kuwedzera kuongororwa - kunyanya kuyerwa kwekukwirira kwemaviri emweya , mapuroteni akabudiswa muropa kuburikidza nemakumbo emaronda emasikari akaora.
Kana zvikaitika kuti iwe une STEMI, matanho anotevera anofanira kutorwa kuti abvise kuvharwa uye kuti ropa riyerere kuburikidza neyeriyoni zvakare.
Kuvharwa Kwakaitwa Sei?
Kune miviri miviri yakawanda yekuzarura chivharo chakavharidzirwa yeroni: thrombolytic therapy uye angioplasty nekupisa .
Thrombolytic therapy inosanganisira kupa mishonga (iyo inonzi "clot-busters," yakadai seA activase (t-PA), streptokinase, urokinase, kana anistreplase), iyo inokurumidza kukurumidza kuparadza ropa rinenge rakadzivirira arteri.
Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti inenge 50 muzana yemishonga yakasvibiswa inogona kuvhurwa nekupa mishonga iyi pakutanga kwekurwa kwepfungwa uye kuti varwere vane mitsetse iyo inozarurirwa kuguma nekunetseka kwepfungwa kusinganzwisisiki uye mukana unokosha zvikuru wekugara kwenguva refu.
Mune zvese zvidzidzo, yekutanga mishonga inopiwa, zviri nani mikana yekubudirira. Zvibereko zvakanakisisa zvinowanikwa mukati maawa matatu okutanga; migumisiro inogutsa inowanikwa pakati pemaminetsi matatu kusvika matanhatu; uye imwe kubatsirwa inoonekwa kusvika maawa gumi nemaviri, isina zvishoma kana pasina kubatsirwa shure kweizvozvo.
Nhengo huru yechirwere chetrombolytic therapy inopa ropa, uye iyi maitiro erapi haafaniri kushandiswa kune varwere vane pangozi yakakura yokubuda ropa (somuenzaniso, kana iwe waive nekuvhiyiwa kwemazuva ano, une nhoroondo yekurohwa nekuda kwehupombwe hwehuputi, kana kuti vane high blood pressure ).
Kushandisa angioplasty nekusimudzira panzvimbo pezvinodhaka zveprombolytic zvino zvinowanzoonekwa seine hubudiriro mukuvhura nekubudirira chivharo chakavharidzirwa muyeri munguva yeMI yakaoma. Rapid angioplasty uye kunhuwa kunobatsira pakuvhura arteri yakavharwa inenge 80% yenguva. Kukanganisa kweiyi nzira ndeyokuti nzira inopesana, uye kunze kwekuti chipatara ichigadzirirwa kuita chirwere chinoparidzirwa angioplasty nokukurumidza uye zvinobudirira, kuvhurwa kwemuti weropa kunogona kuitwa nekukurumidza nekurwisa trombolytic.
Nheyo huru, pasinei nokuti ndiyo nzira ipi inoshandiswa, ndeyokuzarura mudziyo wakasikwa nokukurumidza sezvazvinogona. Izvi zviri izvo, kusarudza pakati peprombolytic therapy uye angioplasty inofanira kunge yakavakirwa mumamiriro ezvinhu.
Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzemapurisa dzichasarudza angioplasty kana mabhuku avo ekugadziriswa anogona kugadziriswa nokukurumidza, uye vashandi vane ruzivo vanowanikwa nyore nyore. Iyi nzira isingaiti inogonawo kusarudzwa kana pane chikonzero chakanaka chekudzivirira trombolytic therapy mune yako.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kana pane imwe nguva inogona kunge yakanyanyisa kunonoka pakuita angioplasty, kana kana pane chikonzero chakanaka chekudzivisa kuita chirongwa chinopesana, ipapo thrombolytic therapy ingadai iri sarudzo yakanaka.
Nzira mbiri idzi dzinogona kubudirira zvikuru kana dzichipiwa nokukurumidza zvakakwana. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha haisi iyo nzira inoshandiswa, asi kuti zviite zvakakurumidza. Nguva ndeyechero, uye nzira yakasarudzwa inowanzove iyo chero nzira iyo inogona kuzarura ariti nokukurumidza.
Mukuwedzera pakuwana arteri yakavharidzirwa yakasununguka nokukurumidza sezvinobvira, kune dzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzokurapa dzinoda kupiwa munguva yeMI yakaoma.
Ndezvipi Zvimwe Zvokurapa Zvinofanira Kupiwa Mukati Mumuviri Wakaipa?
Mukuwedzera pakuita zvakakurumidza kuti uzarure mudziyo wakasvibiswa uye udzorere kuerera kweropa kumwoyo wako mususu, mamwe maitiro akawanda anofanira kutorwa mukukubata iwe panguva yakaoma MI. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
Aspirin
Kutora aspirin (imwe hafu kune aspirin yakakura isina kubviswa, yakadzingwa kana kupwanyiwa) nokukurumidza sezvinobvira chero MI (kana chero ipi zvayo yeAacute coronary syndrome ) inenge yafungidzirwa inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya migumisiro. Aspirin inoshanda nekuderedza "kuvimbika" kweplatelets eropa uye nokudaro nekudzivisa kukura kweropa rinokonzera MI.
Heparin
Kupa heparin isina kuvhara kana imwe ropa rakapfava mumaawa makumi maviri nemaviri ekurwadza kwepfungwa kunokanganisa kunogona kuderedza nguva yakareba yekufa. Iyo anticoagulant madhiragi, ayo heparin imwe, inobatsira kudzivirira kuumbwa kweropa rekare .
Beta blockers
Beta blockers, zvinodhaka izvo zvinodzivisa kuitika kweAdrenaline, zvinonyanya kuchinja kupona kwevarwere vane MIs, uye dzinofanira kupiwa kuvarwere vose kunze kwekuti pane chikonzero chakasimba kwete (sekunge chirwere chemapapu, kukanganisa mwoyo kusina simba , kana kuti mwoyo unononoka zvikuru rates). Iyi mishonga inowanzotangwa zuva mushure mekurwa kwemoyo.
ACE Inhibitors
Angiotensin inoshandura enzyme (ACE) inhibitors yakaratidzwa kuti inonyatsogadzirisa migumisiro yevarwere vane hukuru hwekurwadziwa kwemoyo kana zviratidzo zvekushaya mwoyo. Ava varwere vanofanira kutanga vakatanga ACE inhibitors mumaawa 24 ekutanga mushure mekurwadziwa kwemoyo. ACE inhibitors inogonawo kubatsira kune varwere vane hutambudzi hwemwoyo.
Statins
Kurapa nemitemo kunofanira kutanga mukati mevarwere vose vane MI mushure mekuparara kwechipatara, uye zvichida nokukurumidza sezvinobvira mushure mokutanga kwekurwa kwemoyo. Statins inoita seinovandudza kupona mushure meM MI pasinei necholesterol mazinga, zvichida nekuderedza kuputika kana kugadzikana kwekoniyuta arteri plaques neimwe nzira.
Mushure mekutanga kwepfungwa maawa 24
Maawa makumi maviri nemaviri anotangira. Kuwana rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukurumidza sezvinobvira kunokosha pakudzivirira kusungwa kwemwoyo , kuchengetedza mwoyo wako musuru, nekudzivirira kuwedzera ropa rekusiya kubva pakuumba mumaroto ako emakoroni.
Asi kunyange mushure mokunge mave nekukurukurirana zvakanakisisa zuva iro rekutanga rakaoma, kuchine zvakawanda zvebasa rokuita. Kurwadziwa kwemwoyo hakusi kungova chiitiko chega chega, chakambosungirira, chinogona kukanganikwa. Zvechokwadi kuponeswa kwekurwa kwemoyo kunoda kushanda nesimba nguva dzose kune iwe, uye pane chikamu chechiremba wako.
Sources:
> Antman, EM, Hand, M, Armstrong, PW, uye al. 2007 Nhungamiro yeC ACC / AHA 2004 Mirayiridzo yekutungamira kwevarwere ne ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: mushumo weAmerican College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force pamitungamiri yekuita maitiro (Gwaro Rokunyora Kudzokorora Uchapupu Hutsva nekuvandudza ACC / AHA 2004 Nhungamiro yekutungamira kwevarwere ne ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction). J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; > 51: XXX >.
> Cannon, CP, Hand, MH, Bahr, R, et al. Nzira dzakakosha dzekutarisira varwere vane acon coronary syndromes: kuongororwa neNational Heart Attack Alert Program. Am Heart J 2002; 143: 777.