Coronary artery disease (CAD) inzvimbo iyo iyo paki inowedzera mumadziro e- coronary arteries (midziyo inopa ropa kumutsipa wemwoyo). Izvi zvinogona kupinza zvishoma nezvishoma uriti, kana kuti zvinogona kuparara kamwe, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kudzivirira. Nokuti mushumo wemwoyo unoda kuenderera mberi kwekushandisa oksijeni nemuviri kuti zvivepo, kusagadziriswa kwechirwere chegoni kunotungamirira kumatambudziko makuru.
CAD inokonzerwa ne atherosclerosis . Atherosclerosis chirwere chisingaverengeki, chinowedzera kufambira mberi kwemishonga inoshandiswa neholesterol, calcium, uye masero asina kukwana (ndiko kuti, plaques) inovaka mukati mechidzitiro chemukati chemaseri.
Migumisiro yeAtherosclerosis
Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kupfurikidza asi kupfuurira kupfurikidza kuderedza arteri, uye somugumisiro, ropa rinoyerera kuburikidza neropa rinowedzera kuoma. Apo kuvhiringidzika kunokura zvakakura zvakakwana, murwere anogona kuona angina.
Angina inoreva zviratidzo zvaunogona kuona chero nguva musuru wemwoyo usingatori ropa rakakwana rinopfuurira kuburikidza nemakironari eeronary. Angina kazhinji anonzwa seasingafadzi (kazhinji kushungurudzika-sekurwadziwa) mukati kana pedyo nebhokisi, mapepa, mitsipa kana maoko.
Stable angina ndeye angina iyo inowanikwa mumutambo unenge uchifungidzirwa, somuenzaniso, nekuedza kana mushure mekudya kukuru. Simba angina kazhinji inoreva kuti chidimbu chave chakakura zvakakwana kuti zvive nekudzivirira kwechikamu chetachiona.
Kana munhu ane angina akachengetedzeka ari zororo, chikamu chakavharidzirwa chakaita kukwanisa kugadzirisa zvinodiwa nemutsipa wemwoyo. Asi kana munhu iyeye achiita, (kana ane zvimwe zvinonetsa zvinoita kuti mwoyo ushande zvakaoma), kudziviswa kunodzivirira kuwedzera kwakakwana mukubuda kweropa kusvika pamwoyo musungo, uye angina inoitika.
Saka angina yakagadzikana zvinowanzoreva ipapo kuti kune chidziro chakakosha mumatriconary ariti iyo inodzivisa kuputika kweropa.
Mukuwedzera pakukonzera chigumbuso nekuwedzera kuwedzera muhukuru hwavo, mapepa anowanikwawo pakarepo kubuda, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti pakarepo kuvharwa. Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nokuputika kwepakiti zvinonzi seAacute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). ACS inogara iri chirwere chekukurumidzira .
Angina isina kugadzikana nderimwe rudzi rweAACS. Angina isina kugadzikana inoitika apo bhokisi rakaputika zvishoma, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kukurumidza kwekuvhara mukati mumiriri. Kusiyana nema angina akachengetedzwa, zviratidzo zvema angina asina kugadzikana dzinoitika zvisingazivikanwi, (kureva kuti, hazvisi zvakanyanya kufanana nekushingaira kana kushungurudzika), uye kunyanya, zvinowanzoitika pane zororo. (Rimwe zita rokuti angina risina kugadzikana ndi "zorora angina.") Varwere vane angina vasina kugadzikana vari pangozi yakakura yekugadzirisa kusvibiswa kweseti yeconary, zvichiita kuti myocardial infarction .
Myocardial infarction , kana kushaya mwoyo, ndiyo inonyanya kuoma yeAACS. Pano, bundu rinoputika rinokonzera (kana kuti pedyo nehuwandu) humwe hutachiona hwehutoni , kuitira kuti mushupa wemwoyo unopiwa neyeri iyo inouraya. Saka kuurayiwa kwemoyo, naizvozvo, rufu rwemutsipa wemwoyo.
Kuipa kwepyoti yemaroto kunowanzoenderana nekuwanda kwemisimba yemoyo yakafa. Kumukira kwepfungwa kadiki umo umo chete chikamu chiduku chemuviri wemwoyo chinouraya. Kurwadziwa kwepfungwa huru kune imwe iyo chikamu chikuru chemutsipa wemwoyo chinofa.
Kana murwere achiwana kurapwa mukati memaawa mashomanana ekutanga kwekurwadziwa kwepfungwa, ukuru hwekurwadziwa kwemoyo kunogona kuderedzwa zvikuru nekupa " mishonga inoputika ," kana nekuita pakarepo angioplasty (uye kakawanda, kunhuwa ) kuzarura ivhu rakavharidzirwa.
Mushure mokupona chirwere chemwoyo, murwere achiri muchiitiko. Kuwedzera kwemarwadzo emwoyo kunokwanisika kana mamwe mapepa aripo mumaroto e coronary .
Uyezve, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemitsipa yemwoyo yakave yakuvadzwa, murwere anogona kukura mwoyo kusakundikana . Uyezve, kuora mwoyo kwemisumbu kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwekusingaperi mumhepo yemagetsi , izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kukurumidza kusungwa kwemwoyo . Saka mushure mekurwa kwepfungwa, zvinetso izvi zvose zvinoda kuongororwa zvakajeka, uye matanho anofanira kutorwa kuti aderedze chimwe nechimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvakanyanya zvikuru. Heano humwe ruzivo pamusoro pokuderedza njodzi mushure mokupona kurwisa kwemwoyo .
Kudzivirira Ndiyo Mishonga Yakanakisisa
Nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa nayo chirwere chemarita chirwere , hongu, ndeyokudzivirira. Isu tose tinofanira kuita zvose zvatinokwanisa kuderedza zvidhaka zvedu zveCAD .
Kune avo vatova neCAD, kuderedza dambudziko irichete kunowedzera kunyanya kukosha, kuitira kuti kuderedza kufambira mberi kwechirwere ichi. Mukuwedzera, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinowanikwa mukurapa CAD, kusanganisira zvinodhaka , chirwere chinopirisa , uye angioplasty uye inopisa. Kurapa kweCAD nguva dzose kunoda kuve yakasiyana, uye kurapa kwakanakisisa kunoenderana nekufungisisa kwezvose zvingasarudzwa, nezvose chiremba uye murwere.
> Sources
> McGovern, PG, Pankow, JS, Shahar, E, et al. Recent Trends in Acute Coronary Heart Disease - Kufa, Kuuraya, Kurapa, uye Njodzi Dambudziko. Nyanzvi dzeMinnesota Heart Survey. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 884.
> Rosamond, WD, Chambless, LE, Folsom, AR, et al. Trends in the Incidence of Myocardial Infarction and in Mortality Due to Coronary Heart Disease, 1987 kusvika 1994. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 861.