Iveji yevhenekeri inogona kutungamirira kumwoyo kukanganisa nekukundikana
Mitral kudzoka kunoitika apo mwoyo we mitral valve haisati yavhara zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti ropa richeme (regurgitate) kudzokera mumoyo wekamuri. Mitral kudzorera hakusi chete iyo inowanzosvika pamwoyo yevhavhavha yakashata, inogona kuva imwe yezvinonetsa zvikuru kuongorora nekubata.
Kunzwisisa Mitral Kudzora
Iyo mitral valve inoparadzanisa yerutivi rwemanyoreso rwemwoyo kubva kuruboshwe rworuboshwe.
Apo mabato echibvumirano ari kuruboshwe, mitral valve inotanga kubvumira ropa kupinda kuruboshwe rwema ventricle. Apo kuruboshwe kuruboshwe zvibvumirano, vhuvha inovhara kudzivirira kubuda kweropa.
Mukutral regurgitation, valve yakakosha inowedzera kuwedzera pamwoyo iyo inogona kutungamirira pakuwedzera kwemoyo wemutsipa uye kwenguva refu, kusakanganiswa kusingatarisirwi.
Pane huwandu hwemamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuita mitral regurgitation:
- Mitral valve prolapse (bulging yemagetsi "masuo")
- Endocarditis (kusanganisira utachiona hwemwoyo valves)
- Myocardial infarction (kurwisa mwoyo)
- Dilated cardiomyopathy (kuwedzera kwemoyo)
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (kuwedzera kwemutsipa wemwoyo)
- Rheumatic heart disease (inowanzoonekwa munyika dziri kusimukira)
Zvinetso zveMitral Kudzorera
Mitral kudzokerazve kazhinji inogara isingagadziriswi inofambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore. Munguva ino, kuomeswa kwerutivi rworuboshwe kunowedzera nekuda kweropa rakawedzerwa rakadzoserwa zvakare mukamuri.
Nokufamba kwenguva, kushungurudzwa uku kuchaita kuti mwoyo uwedzere. Kana izvi zvichiitika, munhu anowanzoona:
- Dyspnea (kukurumidza kufema)
- Atrial fibrillation (kusagadzikana uye kunowanzokurumidza kutsamwa)
- Syncope (kupera simba)
Kurral mitral rinopfurikidza rinowedzerawo kuwedzera kwechisimba kuruboshwe rworuboshwe, kuchimanikidzira kushanda zvakaoma kupomesa ropa mumuviri.
Iri rimwe basa rinogona kukonzera musuru kuti huve, zvichiita kuti kuwedzere uye, mune dzimwe nguva, mwoyo kukanganisa. Nenguva iyo inoitika, musinga inowanzosvibiswa isina kukanganisa, zvichiita kugadziridzwa kwevhavha kunonyanya kuipa.
Pane dzimwe nguva, mitral kudzoka inogona kukurumidza kuitika, kazhinji panguva yekurwadziwa kwemoyo kwechiitiko chakanyanya chekupedzisira. Kana izvi zvikaitika, zvinowanzokonzera pulmonary edema (inogadziriswa yemvura mumapapupa) uye kudonha dambudziko reropa. Izvo zvekare mitral regurgitation inogara ichionekwa sechirwere chekukurumidzira uye, kana isingatarisirwi pakarepo, inogona kuguma nekufa.
Kurapa Mitral Kudzorera
Kurapa kwemaster regurgitation kunonyanya kutarisa padanho rechirwere uye mamiriro emoyo pachake. Sezvo iri dambudziko rinokonzera ma mechanics evhavha, kurapwa kunowanzopfuura pane kusanganisira chirwere.
Nzira mbiri dzokuvhiya dzinowanzoshandiswa:
- Mitral valve kushandiswa kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwevheji yakagadzirwa nevanhu kana kuti valve yemwoyo yakatorwa kubva kuchikara (kazhinji kenguruve). Kunyange zvazvo vose vari vaviri vanogona kushanda zvakaenzana, kuvhara kunowanzojairika nemagetsi emagetsi uye kunoda mishonga isingagumi kuderedza ropa. Kune rumwe rutivi, magetsi emagetsi anosara kwenguva refu kuitira kuti vangave vakakodzera kuvarwere vaduku vanopfuura 65.
- Mitral valve kugadzirisa inoda kuti chiremba chiremba anatsire zvakakodzera valve kuti aderedze kana kuti abvise kudzokera zvakare. Icho chigadziri unyanzvi hunoda unyanzvi anoziva zvikuru. Kakawanda, rufu runokonzerwa nokuvhiyiwa kazhinji runoderera kupfuura kushandiswa kwevhavha uye rinopa nguva yakawanda yekupona. Pre-operative kuongorora ichadikanwa kuti iite kuti chigadzirise kana kugadzirisa isarudzo inokwanisika.
Zvimwe Zvirwere zveMitral Kudzorera
Kune dzimwe nguva apo munhu angave asina kubvumirwa kwekuvhiyiwa. Mukudaro, kurapwa kuchave kwakanyanyisa kugadzirisa zviratidzo uye / kana kuderedza kunetseka pamwoyo. Pakati pezvaunosarudza:
- Vasodilator (rudzi rwechirwere chinoshandiswa kuderedza midziyo yeropa) dzimwe nguva rinoshandiswa asi harina zvishoma kuderedza zvigumisiro zvenguva refu. ACE inhibitors yakadai saVasotec (enalapril) kana Capoten (captopril) ndiyo yakasarudzwa zvikuru.
- Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) inosanganisira kushandiswa kwepemaker inokosha inofambisa zvose zvinyorwa zvakanaka uye zvakasara panguva imwe chete. CRT inonyanya kushandiswa apo pane zvakasara zvekuwedzera.
- Endocarditis prophylaxis inosanganisira kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuvhara utachiona mumucheka wemukati wemukati. Iko nhasi inoshandiswa chete muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki.
> Sources
- > Bonow, R .; Carabello, B; Chatterjee, K .; et al. "Kutaridzirwa kujekeswa kunowanikwa muAAC / AHA 2006 mirayiridzo yevatungamiri vevarwere vane chirwere chepfungwa chevurvular: mushumo weAmerican College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force pamusoro pekushandisa mazano." Circulation . 2008; 118: e523.
- > Vahanian, A .; Baumgartner, H ;; Bax, J .; et al. "Mirayiridzo pamusoro pekutungamirirwa kwechirwere chepfungwa chepavvular: The Task Force pamusoro Pechipatara cheValvular Heart Disease yeEuropean Society of Cardiology." European Heart Journal . 2007; 28: 230.