ICardiac Electrical System uye Iyo Moyo Inotanga Sei

Mhepo yemagetsi inokonzera kushanda kwemoyo. Izwi remagetsi rinotarisa kutara kwomwoyo (kushingaira kwemwoyo kunorova), uye kunobatanidza uye kuronga kushungurudzika kwemitsipa yemwoyo, kuitira kuti mwoyo unoshanda zvakakwana nemoyo umwe wose.

Kuipa kwemuviri mumagetsi emwoyo kunogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko nemoyo wekutsvaga (kukurumidza kana kuti kunonoka), kana kuti kunogona kukanganisa zvachose kushanda kwemoyo - kunyange kana mitsipa yemwoyo nemagavhuga ivo pachavo zvizere.

Kutaura pamusoro pemhepo yemagetsi nemagetsi uye zvisingawanzo mwoyo miviri zvinogona kuvhiringidza zvikuru. Apo patinotaura nezvechirwere chemoyo, vanhu vazhinji vanofunga nezvekuvharwa kwemaketari emakonta anogona kukonzera kurwisa kwemwoyo kana kudikanwa kwokupora chirwere. Asi, matambudziko ane magetsi anokwanisa kuitika kunyange kana mwoyo wako mususu uri wega.

Zvinobatsira kufungidzira mwoyo wako seimba, uye yemagetsi yako emagetsi senhare yegetsi mumba mako. Iwe unogona kunge uine matambudziko nekamba yako yemusha kunyange kana imba yako sechimiro yakakwana zvakakwana. Saizvozvowo, mwoyo wako unogona kuva wakajairika asi chinetso chemagetsi chinogona kuitika zvichiita kuti uite mwoyo usina kumira rhythm.

Chirwere chemutima chinogona kutungamirira kuzvinhu zvisina kuchena mumagetsi emwoyo wako, sezvinongoita imba inoparadzwa muchamupupuri kana mvura inogona kuva nezvinetso nemagetsi. Kutaura zvazviri, kukanganisa kumagetsi emwoyo yekakawanda ndiko kunokonzera kufa kamwe kamwe nekunetseka kwemoyo, kunyange kana kukanganisa kwemwoyo kunokonzerwa nekurwadziwa kwemoyo kunongova munyoro kana kuenzanisa. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvekuita CPR uye kuva nekusvika kune zvinodzivirira. Kana mwoyo rhythm inogona kugadziriswa, zvimwe zvekurwadziwa kwemoyo (nezvimwe zvinokonzera arrhythmias) zvinoponesa.

Ngatitarisei kuti mhepo yemagetsi inoshanda sei kuita kuti mwoyo wako urove, pamwe chete nemamiriro ekurapa anogona kuchinja kupisa kwako.

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Nhanganyaya kuCardiac Electrical Signal

Mwoyo unobudisa zviratidzo zvemagetsi (anonziwo magetsi), izvo zvinogona kunyorwa nekuisa electrodes pachifuva. Izvi zvinonzi electrocardiogram (ECG, kana EKG).

Chiratidzo chemagetsi chinokonzera kushushikana kwemoyo munzira mbiri. Kutanga, sezvo imwe yega yemagetsi inokonzera kubatwa kwemoyo mumwe, nhamba yemafungiro emagetsi anogadzirisa kutara kwemwoyo . Uye chechipiri, sezvo chiratidzo chegetsi "chinopararira" pamwoyo wose, chinokonzera mushumo wemwoyo kuti zvibvumirane muhutano hwakarurama, nokudaro kurongedza kubata kwemoyo mumwe nekusimbisa kuti moyo unoshanda zvakajeka sezvinobvira.

Chiratidzo chemagetsi chinokonzerwa nechimiro chiduku chinonzi node sinus , iyo iri munharaunda yepamusoro yeatrium yakarurama. (Inotomy yemakamuri emwoyo nemagetsi zvinosanganisira maviri atria kumusoro kwemoyo nemavhiri maviri pasi),

Kubva kubva munharaunda ye sinus, chiratidzo chemagetsi chinopararira nepamusoro peatrium yakarurama uye kuruboshwe rweatrium (makamuri maviri epamusoro pamwoyo), zvichiita kuti maasria agone kubvumirana, uye kusundira mutoro weropa mumakiruruki ari kurudyi uye kuruboshwe (pasi maviri makamuri emwoyo). Chiratidzo chemagetsi zvino chinopfuurira nenzira yeAV kumhepo, iyo inokonzera kuti mhepo inobvumirana ishande.

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Zvinowanikwa neCardiac Electrical Signal

Mufananidzo 1: Zvikamu zvemagetsi emhepo zvinosanganisira node ye sinus (SN) uye atrioventricular node (AV node) inoratidzwa pano. Kubva pamaonero emagetsi, mwoyo unogona kufungidzirwa sewakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: ma atria (makamuri ekumusoro), uye mhepo yepamusoro (makamuri ekumusoro). Kuparadzanisa maatriya kubva kumhepo inobhururuka ndeye "fibrous" disc. Iri disc (yakanyorwa AV disk iri mumufananidzo), inodzivirira kutenderera kwechiratidzo chegetsi pakati peatria uye mhepo. Nzira chete iyo chiratidzo chinogona kuwanikwa kubva paAria kusvika kumhepo inoputika iri kuburikidza neAV node. Mumufananidzo uyu:

• SN = sinus node
• AVN = AV node
• RA = kurudyi
• LA = inorium yakasara
• RV = kodzero yakarurama
• LV = kuruboshwe
• Terevhizheni = chivharo chinonzi valve (iyo valve inoparadzanisa atrium yakarurama kubva kune chinyorwa chakanaka)
• MV = mitral valve (iyo valve inoparadzanisa kuruboshwe kuruboshwe kuruboshwe kuruboshwe)

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ICardiac Electrical Signal Inopararira Munharaunda yeAtria

Mufananidzo 2: Kuda kwemagetsi kunotangira munharaunda ye sinus. Kubva ipapo, inopararira kune zvose maasria (inoratidzwa nemitsetse yebhuruu iri pamufananidzo), zvichiita kuti atria iite chibvumirano. Izvi zvinotumidzwa se "kuora mwoyo kwepanyama."

Sezvo mafungiro emagetsi anopfuura nepasariya, inoita izvo zvinonzi "P" wave pa ECG. (I P wave inoratidzwa nemutsara wakatsvuka mutsvuku paEECG kubva kuruboshwe).

Sinus bradycardia ("brady" inoreva kuti inonoka) ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kuderera kwemoyo, uye inokonzerwa neSouth node kupisa pamutengo wakaderera. Sinus tachycardia ("tachy" zvinoreva kukurumidza) inoreva kukurumidza kwemoyo wemhepo uye inogona kukonzerwa neSouth node kupisa pamwero wekuwedzera.

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ICardiac Electrical Signal inosvika paAV Node

Mufananidzo 3: Kana mafambiro emagetsi achisvika paA disc disc, inomiswa, kunze kweiyo nhamba yeAV. Iko kunofambisa kunofamba nenzira yeAV node zvishoma nezvishoma. Mutsara wakatsvuka wakasimba paEECG mumufananidzo uyu unoratidza nguva yeP.

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ICardiac Electrical Signal Inoenda kune Ventricles

Mifananidzo 4: Iyo AV yakagadzirirwa maitiro akaitwa neAV node (AVN), iyo "bundle Yake," uye matavi ezvakarurama uye ezasara mabheji (RBB neLBB). Iyo nhamba yeAV inoita kuti magetsi awedzere zvishoma nezvishoma uye inoipfuudza kuBhomba Rake (rinonzi "hiss"). Iko bhomba rake rinopinda muAV disk, uye rinopfuurira mureza kumatavi akanaka uye ari kuruboshwe. Masoja akasara uye ari kuruboshwe, uyewo, anotumira magetsi kumagetsi ekurudyi uye kuruboshwe, zvichienderana. (Nhamba yacho inoratidzawo kuti LBB pachayo inoparadzanisa kuruboshwe anterior fascicle (LAF) uye kuruboshwe posterior fascicle (LPF).

Nemhaka yekuti kutengesa kunofamba zvishoma nezvishoma kuburikidza neAV node, pane pause mumabasa emagetsi paEECG, inonzi inonzi PR nguva. (Nguva yePR inoratidzirwa pamusoro peEECG mumufananidzo 3). Iyi "pause" iri muchiito inobvumira atria kubvumirana zvizere, kubudisa ropa ravo mumhepo inotanga kusati yatanga kubvumirana).

Matambudziko chero ipi zvayo mumugwagwa uyu kubva kumusana weAV angakonzera kusakanganiswa muEECG (uye moyo rhythm).

AV block ( mwoyo block ) chimwe chezvinhu zviviri zvinokonzera kushaya mwoyo pasi (bradycardia). Kune zvidimbu zvakasiyana, nechetatu-degree mwoyo block yakanyanya zvikuru uye kazhinji inoda pacemaker.

Bundle brain block inowanikwa mune bondle yakanaka yebazi kana kuti yakasara bundle bazi, neavo vari mubhokisi rechechi rakasara kakawanda zvikuru. Dare rebazi rinogona kuitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka, asi kazhinji chinoitika kana mwoyo uchitariswa nekuda kwekurwadziwa kwemoyo kana mamwe mamiriro emwoyo. Ichokwadi, chikamu chekupedzisira chebazi kubva pamusana pepfungwa chinokonzera chikonzero chinokonzera kufa kamwe kamwe kwemoyo.

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Izwi reCardiac Electrical Signal Rakapararira Munharaunda ye Ventricles

Mufananidzo 5: Chiyero ichi chinoratidza kushandiswa kwemagetsi kupararira munzvimbo dzose dzakarurama uye dziri kuruboshwe, zvichiita kuti dzimba idzi dzibvumirane. Sezvo nhare yemagetsi inofamba nemhepo, inoita "QRS complex" pane ECG. Dambudziko reQRS rinoratidzirwa nemutsara wakatsvuka weEGG pasi apa.

Nenzira iyi, magetsi emwoyo anoita kuti mwoyo wemisumbu inogadziriswe uye kutumira ropa kune nhengo dzose dzomuviri (kuburikidza nechokurudyi ventricle) kana kumapapu (kuburikidza nekodzero ye ventricle).

Pasi Pano pa Cardiac Electrical System uye Heart Activity

Kubva pakutanga kwekushaya mwoyo mukati meNSA ino, kuburikidza nekuputika kwemhepo, simba remagetsi rinokonzera moyo kubvumirana nenzira yakarongeka, kuwedzera kushanda kwe mwoyo wakarova.

> Sources:

> Crawford MH, Bernstein SJ, Deedwania PC, et al. Acc / Aha Mirayiridzo yeAlbulatory Electrocardiography: Nhepfenyuro Dzepamusoro uye Mazano. Mushumo WaAmerican College Of Cardiology / American Heart Association Basa reMakadziro Pamitungamiri Yekushandisa (Komiti Yokudzokorora Nhungamiro YeMagodrocardiography). Circulation 1999; 100: 886.

> Fogoros RN, Mandrola JM. Kushungurudzika kweMwoyo Rhythm: Pfungwa huru. Muna: Fogoros 'Electrophysiologic Testing. Wiley Blackwell, 2017.