Kwese kwese iwe unotendeuka, iwe unorayirwa kuti uchiteerera cholesterol yako, uye kusvika zvishoma, yako triglyceride mazinga. Cholesterol uye triglycerides ndiyo miviri miviri, kana mafuta, inopararira muropa rako. Zvose zviri zviviri zvinodiwa kuhupenyu pachahwo.
Cholesterol inokosha pakuvaka nekuchengetedza zvikamu zvakakosha zvemasero ako, zvakadai semasero ako esero, uye nekuita mahomoni akawanda anokosha - kusanganisira estrogen, progesterones, vitamin D, uye steroids.
Triglycerides, iyo iri maketani e-high-energy fatty acids, inopa zvakawanda zvemaidiro anodiwa kuti mishonga yako ishande. Saka haugone kurarama pasina imwe yemhando idzi dzemapidid.
Asi kana ropa rekutsvaira kana kuti triglycerides richikwirira zvikuru, dambudziko rako rekukuvara kwepfungwa , chirwere chepachiviri uye chirwere chepachiviri chevascula chinowedzera. Uye ichi ndicho chikonzero iwe unofanirwa kuve nehanya nehuwandu hwemakumbo ako.
Overview
Pane zvinhu zviviri zvinokonzera cholesterol uye triglycerides - zvokudya zvekudya uye "endogenous" sources (yakagadzirwa mukati memuviri). Dietary cholesterol uye triglycerides inowanzobva pakudya nyama uye mairi . Izvi zvinodhaka zvinodyiwa zvinowanikwa mumatumbo ako uye zvino zvinoponeswa kuburikidza neropa kusvika kuchiropa chako, kwavanoshandiswa.
Imwe yemabasa makuru echiropa ndeyekuita kuti zvitunha zvemuviri wako zviwane zvose cholesterol uye triglycerides inoda kushanda.
Kazhinji, kwemaawa anenge masere mushure mekudya, chiropa chako chinotora cholesterol yezvokudya uye triglycerides kubva muropa. Munguva dzenguva apo mapiritsi ezvokudya asipo, chiropa chako pachayo inobereka cholesterol uye triglycerides. Zvechokwadi, inenge 75 muzana yehushutera mumuviri wako inoumbwa nechiropa.
Chiropa chako zvino chinopa cholesterol uye triglycerides, pamwe nemapuroteni chaiwo, muzvikamu zviduku zvakasimudzirwa zvinonzi lipoproteins , izvo zvinosunungurwa kupinda mukuparadzirwa. Cholesterol uye triglycerides zvinobviswa pamapoprotein uye zvinowanikwa mumasero emuviri wako, pose pavanenge vachida.
Zvakawanda zvinonzi triglycerides - izvo zvisingadikanwi pakarepo pfuti - zvakachengetwa mumasero akawanda kuitira kushandiswa kwekupedzisira. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti akawanda emafuta acids akachengetwa mumitumbi yedu yakatanga seyakadya carbs. Nemhaka yokuti kune muganhu wekuti mangani e-carbohydrate tinogona kuchengetedza mumitumbi yedu, chero "mamwe" emarobhosi atinoadya anodzorerwa kuamafuta acids, ayo anobva avharwa se triglycerides uye akachengetwa seanamafuta. (Izvi zvinotsanangurira nei zviri nyore kuva wakaoma kunyange pazvokudya zvakaderera-mafuta.) Mafuta anochengetwa acids anoparadzaniswa kubva kune triglycerides uye anopiswa sehuni panguva yekutsanya.
Zvakanaka uye Zvakaipa Cholesterol
Iwe unowanzozonzwa vanachiremba nevaritiiti vanotaura nezve "ma" marudzi maviri akasiyana-siyana echolesterol- low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (inonzi "yakaipa" cholesterol), uye yakakura density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (kana kuti "yakanaka" cholesterol). Iyi nzira yekutaura pamusoro peku cholesterol inonyanyisa, asi kunyatsotaura haina kunyatsokodzera.
Kunyatsotaura, semakemikari akanaka anokwanisa kukuudza, cholesterol inongova cholesterol. Imwe molecule ye'cholesterol yakaisvonaka yakafanana nezvimwe. Saka nei vanachiremba vachitaura nezvezvakanaka nezvakaipa cholesterol?
Mhinduro yacho ine chokuita ne lipoproteins.
Lipoproteins. Cholesterol (uye triglycerides) ndeye lipid, uye saka haipwanisi mumvura yakadzika seropa. Kuti lipidho dzitakure muropa risina kubatana pamwe chete, dzinoda kuiswa mumatombo maduku anonzi lipoproteins. Lipoproteins inogadziriswa muropa, uye inobvumira cholesterol uye triglycerides kuti zvifambidzwe nyore nyore kuburikidza neropa.
Iyo "maitiro" emarudzi akasiyana-siyana anonzi lipoproteins anotsanangurwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzepuroteni (inonzi apolipoproteins) inowanikwa pamusoro pawo. Lipoprotein metabolism yakaoma kwazvo, uye masayendisiti achiri kushanda kunze kwezvinhu zvose. Zvisinei, vanachiremba vazhinji vanozvifungidzira nemhando mikuru miviri ye lipoproteins: LDL uye HDL.
LDL Cholesterol - "Zvakaipa" Cholesterol. Mune vanhu vazhinji, vazhinji vehushutera yega muropa rinonongerwa muLDL particles. LDL cholesterol inowanzonzi "yakaipa" cholesterol.
Kuwedzera kwemazinga eLDL cholesterol yakanyatsoshamwaridzana nehuwandu hwehutano hwemwoyo uye chirwere. Inofungidzirwa nenyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoti kana LDL cholesterol yakakura kwazvo, iLDL lipoprotein inowedzera kunamatira kumarara emidziyo yeropa, iyo inobatsira kukurudzira atherosclerosis . Saka, iyo yakakwirira yeLDL cholesterol yepamusoro inonyanya kukonzera chirwere chemwoyo nekurohwa.
Kunyange zvazvo pasina mubvunzo kuti kukwidziridzwa kweLDL cholesterol maitiro kunobatsira zvakasimba kuhutano hwemwoyo, mumakore achangobva kupfuura nyanzvi dzatanga kunetseka kana kuderedza LDL cholesterol maitiro pachezvaicho kunoderedza kuderedza ngozi. Kunyanya, apo kuderedza LDL cholesterol mazinga nemishonga yemasimoni zvinowedzera kuderedza mungozi yemwoyo, kuderedza LDL cholesterol mazinga nemamwe marudzi akawanda emishonga hazvina kuratidzwa zvechokwadi kuti zviite saizvozvo. Ichi ndicho chikonzero dzimwe nyanzvi dzatanga kutaurirana necholesterol hypothesis , uye nei mazano ezvino panyaya yekurapa cholesterol inotsigira zvakasimba kushandiswa kwemashoko.
"HDL Cholesterol - Yakanaka" "Cholesterol." Kuwedzera kweropa reHDL cholesterol rinosangana nehutachiona hwehutano hwepfungwa, uyewo, pasi peHDL cholesterol maitiro anowanzobatwa nehuwandu hwehutachiwana.Nechikonzero ichi, HDL cholesterol inowanzonzi "yakanaka" "cholesterol.
Zvinoratidzika kuti HDL lipoprotein "inopisa" masvingo emidziyo yeropa uye inobvisa cholesterol yakawandisa. Saka cholesterol inowanikwa muHDLL, kusvika pamwero mukuru, cholesterol yakawandisa iyo yakangobva kubviswa mumasero uye neropa remadziro uye ichiendeswa kuchiropa chekudzokorora. Iyo yakakwirira yeHDL cholesterol mazinga , zvichida, inowedzera cholesterol iri kubviswa kubva pane iyo ingakonzera kukanganisa.
Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, pfungwa yokuti HDL cholesterol inogara iri "yakanaka" yakauya mumoto , uye zvechokwadi, iko zvino inowanikwa kuti chokwadi chinenge chakaoma kunzwisisa kupfuura "HDL = yakanaka cholesterol." Makambani ekushandisa zvinodhaka anoshanda zvakaoma kuronga madhiragi nekuwedzera HDL mazinga, somuenzaniso, kusvikira zvino apinda munhare dzezvidhina. Mishonga yakawanda inowedzera kubudirira kuwedzera HDL yakakundikana kugadzirisa migumisiro yemoyo. Migumisiro yakaita seyi iri kukumanikidza nyanzvi kuti dzigadzirise mafungiro avo nezveHDL cholesterol.
Zvinokonzera High Cholesterol
Kureba kweLDL cholesterol maitiro kunogona kukonzerwa nezviitiko zvakasiyana, kusanganisira hutano hwemamiriro ezvinhu semhuri ye hypercholesterolemia . Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika, korostetori yakakwirira yakabatana nekudya kwakashata, kuneta, mararamiro ehupenyu, makore, kusvuta, uye zvepabonde (vakadzi vekare vanonzi menopausal vane dial cholesterol yepamusoro kupfuura varume).
Zvimwe zvirwere zvoutano, kusanganisira chirwere cheshuga , hypothyroidism , chirwere chechiropa, uye kusagadzikana kwepfungwa kusingaperi kunogonawo kuwedzera cholesterol. Mamwe madhiragi, kunyanya steroid uye progesterone, anogona kuita zvakafanana.
Triglycerides uye Cardiac Risk
Dzidzo dzakawanda dzekuchiremba dzakaratidza kuti kuva nehupamhi yepamusoro ye-triglyceride - chirwere chinonzi hypertriglyceridemia - chinosanganiswawo nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwehutano hwemwoyo. Kunyange zvazvo kushamwaridzana uku kunowanzogamuchirwa nedzimwe nyanzvi, haisati yabvumirana kuti kukwidziridzwa kwetrglyceride mazinga ndiyo chikonzero chaicho chekutenda kweAristrosclerosis, sezvo LDL cholesterol inofungidzirwa kuva. Icho hachiwanzogamuchirwa "triglyceride hypothesis."
Kunyange zvakadaro, hapana mubvunzo kuti hypertriglyceridemia inobatanidzwa zvakasimba nepamusoro yepfungwa yemumwoyo. Uyezve, yakakwirira ye-triglyceride maitiro ndiyo yakakurumbira kune dzimwe mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu anozivikanwa kuwedzera ngozi yepfungwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kurema, mararamiro ehupenyu, kusvuta, hypothyroidism - uye kunyanya chirwere cheshuga uye chirwere cheshuga cheshuga.
Ukama hwekupedzisira hunokosha zvikuru. Iyo insulini inopikisa iyo inozivikanwa nehutachiona hwechirwere uye chirwere chechipiri chirwere cheshuga chinobudisa huwandu hwemashoko ehuwandu hunoita kuti huwandu huwedzere huwandu hwemwoyo. Izvi zvinoratidzirwa zvinoshandiswa mumagetsi zvinosanganisira, kuwedzera kune hypertriglyceridemia, yakakwirira yeRP levels , high LDL cholesterol mazinga, uye pasi peHDL cholesterol mazinga. (Kutaura zvazviri, pane kazhinji kacho hukama hwe "kuona-saw" pakati pe triglyceride neHDL cholesterol mazinga - yakakwirira imwe, yakaderedza imwe.) Vanhu vane insulin kudzivisa vanogonawo kuva nehutachiona uye kuneta. Dambudziko ravo rose remwoyo uye chirwere chakanyanya kwazvo.
Zvichipiwa mutsara wezvipingamupinyi izvo zvinowanzofambisa high triglyceride mazinga, zvinonzwisisika kuti vatsvakurudzi kusvika ikozvino havana kukwanisa kudonha kunze kwehuwandu hwengozi yakakwirira inokonzerwa zvakananga ne hypertriglyceridemia pachayo.
Kuedzwa
Kutanga pazera remakore makumi maviri nemashanu, kuedza cholesterol uye triglycerides inokurudzirwa makore ose mashanu. Uye kana zvikamu zvako zveputi zvichiwanikwa zvichikwidziridzwa, dzokorora kuedza kunofanira kuitwa gore negore.
- Verenga pamusoro pekuedza kweku cholesterol uye triglycerides .
Nguva Yokutsvaga Kurapa
Kusarudza kuti iwe unofanirwa kurapwa nepamusoro yeholesterol kana kuti high triglyceride mazinga, pasinei nokuti kurapwa uku kunofanira kusanganisira mishonga inodhaka, uye mishonga ipi inofanira kushandiswa haisi nguva dzose yakananga. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana hutano hwepfungwa dzako hukwiridzirwa, kurapwa kwakarurama kunowanikwa pamakumbo ako emakondomu kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mikana yako yekuva nehutano hwemwoyo, kana kutofa nekukurumidza. Saka kana zvasvika pakurapa cholesterol uye triglycerides, zvinokosha kuti uite zvakanaka.
Iwe unogona kuverenga pano nezvekufunga kwemazuva ano pamusoro pekuti uye sei kurapwa kweropa lipids kunofanira kusarudzwa .
Shoko Rinobva
Kuwedzera kwemazinga eLDL cholesterol uye triglycerides zvakanyatsobatanidzwa nehutano hwepamusoro hwehutano hwehutano. Nepo apo pane imwe nharo inoramba ichikakavhiringidza pamusoro pehuwandu hweiyo yakakosha yeholesterol mazinga uye triglyceride mazinga zvakakonzera kukonzera chirwere chemwoyo, hapana gakava pamusoro peizvi: Kana ngozi yako yepfungwa yakakwirira iwe unoda kuideredza; uyezve, zviyero zvaunotora kuti udzikise huwandu hwako husina kunaka huchaderedzawo ngozi yako yemoyo. Saka, regai nyanzvi dzikakavadzana nezve nzira iyo cholesterol uye triglycerides zvinosangana nehosha yemwoyo. Iwe unofanirwa kuisa pfungwa pakutora matanho anoratidza kuti iwe unoderedza iwe pachako, mumwe munhu pangozi.
> Sources:
> Ford, ES, Li, C, Zhao, G, et al. Hypertriglyceridemia uye Its Pharmacologic Treatment Pakati peUnited States Adults. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169: 572.
> Stone NJ, Robinson J, Lichtenstein AH, et al. 2013 ACC / AHA Nhungamiro pamusoro peArapa yeRopa Cholesterol kunoderedza Atherosclerotic Mwoyo Mungozi Muvanhu Vakuru: Mushumo weAmerican College of Cardiology / American Heart Association. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013.