Kunzwisisa Interplay Pakati Pezvinetso neMafungiro Akafanana
Ndeipi ukama pakati pekucherechedza-kukanganisa kusagadzikana kwehutano (ADHD) uye kurara? Vana vane matambudziko ekurara uye kutarisa-kukanganiswa kwehutano hwehutano (ADHD) inogona kuva nezviratidzo zvakafanana, zvakadai sekusava nehanya, kusagadzikana uye kusagadzikana. Iko kunobatanidza pakati pezvipingamupinyi zviviri zve ADHD uye matambudziko ekurara zvakakosha uye imwe inogona kunge isina kuongororwa semumwe nekuda kwekubatana kwezviratidzo.
Kusarudzira ADHD
ADHD inonzi neurodevelopmental disorder inobata vanenge 5% yevanhu, vose vana nevakuru. Vaya vanobatwa vane ruzivo rwekusatenda, kusava nehanya, kukanganwa, kusagadzikana kwekutonga kana kusagutsikana uye kusagadzikana. Chimwe chezvinhu izvi zvinogona kuratidza nenzira dzakasiyana, kusanganisira:
- Inatten: kusava nehanya, kusaona kuchengeta mabasa, kwete kutevera mirairo, kunetseka kuronga, kudzivisa kufunga kwemazuva mazhinji, kurasikirwa nezvinhu, kushungurudzwa nyore kana kukanganwa
- Kusasarura-kusagadzikana-kusagadzikana: kukanganisa, kukwikwidza, kusimuka, kumhanya-svetuka, dambudziko rinonakidzwa nekunyarara nguva yakanyarara nekuti ivo kazhinji "vari kuenda" kana kutaura zvakanyanyisa
- Kushushikana: kuvhara mhinduro, kushungurudza kumirira nguva yavo, kukanganisa kana kupindira
Ukama hweHADH kune Matambudziko Okurara
Pane zvakawanda zvinetso zvehope zvinogona kukanganisa vana. Zvizhinji zvezvinetso zvinowanikwa kune vanhu vakuru zvinogonawo kuitika kune vana, kusanganisira kusuruvara , bruxism , periodic limb movement syndrome , somniloquy , obstructive sleep apnea , somnambulism uye circadian rhythm disorders .
Vana vakawanda vanowanzoona usiku kunotyisa kupfuura vanhu vakuru, zvakadaro.
Vana vane ADHD vangatarisirwa kunge vakanganisa kurara. Pane hutsika hunoita kuti urara, uye zvinetso zvekurera vana zvinowanzoenderera mberi kurara muvana vane ADHD. Mukuwedzera, panogona kuva zviratidzo zvepfungwa, zvakadai sekuzvidya mwoyo kana kuora mwoyo, izvo zvinogona kuvhiringidza kurara.
Zvidzidzo zvakaramba zvichiratidza mazinga akakwirira ekurara kwevete pakati pevana vane ADHD.
Zvinetso zvehope zvinogona kuenderana neDHD mune imwe yenzira ina:
- Zvinetso zvehope zvakabatana zvakananga neAdHD
- Matambudziko ehope anowirirana nedzimwe chirwere chinowanikwa neAdHD, somuenzaniso, kuzvidya mwoyo
- Matambudziko ehope anokonzerwa nemishonga inokurudzira
- Dambudziko rehope harina kufambidzana, rinowanzowanzoitika munharaunda yose
Vanopfuura 25% vevana vose, kwete avo chete vane ADHD, vachava nedambudziko rekurara pane imwe nguva. Izvo zvine zvinetso zvakasiyana uye zvakasiyana pamhuri dzemasimba, chikoro kubudirira uye nezvimwe zvehutano.
Zvimedu Zvisingabviri Zvisungo
Vana vane ADHD vachatonyanya kunyunyuta nezvezviratidzo zvinoenderana ne periodic limb movement syndrome (PLMS), kana kuti sezvinowanzonzi dzimwe nguva, kuponeswa kwemakumbo syndrome (RLS) . Zviratidzo izvi zvinosanganisira kusuruvara kusinganzwisisiki , zvakadai semabhugi anokambaira paganda, ayo anonunurwa nekufamba. Ichi chiitiko chinonyanya kuitika manheru kana usiku apo pazororo uye zvinosanganisira chido chisingachinji chekufamba. Dzidzo dzakaratidza kuti 24% kusvika 26% yevanhu vane ADHD vane RLS, vachienzaniswa ne5% chete yekutonga. Nhamba yekushungurudzwa kweusiku usiku inobatanidzwa zvakasimba nehuwandu hwekushaya simba mukati mezuva.
Kuchengetedza, Kufa Kwepabonde uye Kushaya Utano
Vana vanogona kunge vachinetseka kufema usiku, kubva pakunyorova kusvika pakuputika kwakakwana kwekurara . Zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira:
- matani akawedzerwa uye adenoids
- craniofacial kusagadzikana
- kuneta
- neuromuscular disease
- kurwara
Zvakare, vana vane matambudziko aya ekurara havawanzoregi kurara. Pane kudaro, ivo vachave nekupfeka , kuputika, kunonoka kukura uye kudzidza kana kuti matambudziko. Chiitiko chekudya chinowanikwa kusvika ku3/3 yevana vane ADHD vachienzaniswa ne10% chete yekutonga.
Ukama huripo pakati pehuwandu hwekufema hunovhiringidzika uye hudonhera mumhepo yakakosha muropa uye kusagadzikana hauna kugadziriswa; zvisinei, rumwe ruzivo runoratidza kuti 81% yezvokugara achibika vana vane ADHD vanogona kunge vaine ADHD yavo ichibviswa kana kupisa kwaive kwakarapwa.
Kutambudzika Kwekurara Zvakawanda Zvakafanana muDHD?
Chikamu chimwe chete kubva kune hafu yevabereki vane vana vane ADHD vanorondedzera nyaya dzekurara muvana vavo. Mukuongorora zvinyorwa zvekurapa zvinowanikwa, kune maitiro mune data iyo inoratidza kuti mamwe matambudziko ekurara angave akajairika mune ADHD. Pakufananidza vana vane ADHD avo vasati vachirapa nemishonga kune vana vasina ADHD, kune maitiro mashomanana angava echokwadi:
- Zviongorori zvizhinji hazviratidzi misiyano yakakwana nguva yekurara kana nguva inotora kurara
- Zviongorori zvizhinji zvinoratidza kuwedzera kusagadzikana uye kuchinja kwechimiro chepanguva panguva yekurara muvana vane ADHD
- Mazana emakore anoshandiswa mukufamba kweziso maziso (REM) kurara kunogona kuderedzwa muvana vane ADHD
- Izvo zvinoitika zveparasomnias , zviratidzo zvekurota uye kubhedha zvinogona kuwedzerwa mune vana vane ADHD
Basa rekusimudzira
Kushandiswa kwemishonga yemishonga, yakadai seRitalin (methylphenidate), kubata chirwere cheDHD kunogona kuwedzera imwe yero yekuoma kunzwisisa kune dambudziko racho. Zvinokurudzira zvinowanzoshandiswa kurapa ADHD, pamwe chete neshure rinotyisa uye risingagumi kuneta . Vabereki vevana vanobatwa nevanokurudzira vanoona kuwanda kwehutano hwehope (29% zvichienderana ne10%), uye izvi zvinowanzonyanya kurara . Izvi zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa apo madhara ari pedyo nekurara. Iyo mishonga inogona kuchinja sei zvimwe zvinhu zvehope hainzwisiswi zvakanaka.
Kukosha Kwokurapwa
Kusarudzwa kweDHD kunotungamirira kukusaremara kwakakura mumasangano evanhu, mashizha uye anoziva, kusanganisira intelligence quotient (IQ) scores uye kubudirira kwepurojekiti yekuongorora iyo iri pasi kudarika masimba. Zvakakosha kuti vana vanoona kusava nehanya, kusagadzikana uye kusagadzikana kuongororwa kweHDH uye, sezvakakodzera, kukanganisika kwehope.
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