Mwenje Inoshanduka MuCOPD Inotarisira Kubhadhara Dambudziko rezviratidzo
COPD chirwere chinoputika mumapapu chinoratidzirwa nemhepo yekudzivirira kwemhepo inenge isingadzokwi zvachose. Zvinokonzerwa nekushandiswa kwenguva refu kwekutsamwa kwemhepo, chirwere ichi chinokonzera huwandu hwakasiyana kwazvo, physiologic uye masimba mapapu anochinja anokonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana siyana zveCOPD . Ngatitorei zvakanyatsotarisa zvina zveavo mapapu ekuchinja.
Kurwiswa Kwemhepo
Kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kwenguva refu kumhepo dzisina kufanira, dzakadai seutsi hwefodya uye kusvibiswa kwemweya , kunokonzera kufamba kwemhepo kunyura uye kunopisa, kudzivisa kutenderera kwemweya kuenda uye kubva kumapapu. Iyi nzira, iyo inonzi kurema kwekufema, inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura nguva, kunyanya kana kusvibiswa kunotyisa kunopfuurira.
Kuyerera kwemhepo kunopindirana zvakananga nekuderera kwepamupa basa rinowanikwa muCOPD sezvinoyerwa ne spirometry . Iyo yakanyanya kukura kwekufema kwemafunguro, iyo yakaderera FEV1 ne FEV1 / FVC , mairi maviri maitiro anonyanya kukosha pakuongorora kwekudzivirira uye zvirwere zvinopesana nemapapu .
Air Trapping
Kuvhara kwemhepo kunokonzera kuti mweya uwedzere kubatwa mukati memapapu panguva yekubuda. Kungofanana neBhaloni yakanyanyisa, kubata mweya kunokonzera hyperinflation yemapapu , izvo zvinotadzisa kuwanda kwemhepo iyo munhu anogona kukwanisa. Sezvo kutengesa kwemhepo kuchienderera mberi, dutu remhepo rakasiyiwa mumapapu mushure mokubuda kwemazuva ose ( basa rekusimba simba ) rinowedzera, kunyanya panguva yekurovedza.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekuti vanhu vane COPD vanowedzera kufema panguva yekurovedza muviri uye vane kukwanisa kuderedzwa kushivirira basa rakaoma.
Abnormalities muGash Exchange
Pakati pemapapu pane alveoli , masango maduku akafanana nemafuta anotengesa magasi anoitika. Inhaled air ine oxygen; Mhepo yakanyoroveswa ine carbon dioxide, tsvina yekufema.
Pasi pemamiriro ehutano, okisijeni inoputika uye inofamba ichienda kumapapu kusvikira ichizosvika ku-alveoli. Pane imwe nguva iri mu-alveoli, inopinda mumaropa apo inofamba nemuviri kuti iwane nhengo dzose dzinokosha. Nekudaro, carbon dioxide iyo yakatorwa neropa rekutsinhana ne oksijeni, inoparadzaniswa zvakare kuburikidza ne-alveoli, mumapapu uye kunze kweropa rekufema apo pakupedzisira rinobudiswa semarara. Mumapapu ane hutano, kushandiswa kwe okisijeni uye kabhoni dioxide kwakaenzana; MuCOPD, haisi. Kudzokororwa kunonyadzisa kunoparadza sarveoli, kunokanganisa kushandiswa kwegesi. Izvi zvinowanzotungamirira ku hypo hypoemia nekunyanyisa , zvose zviri zviviri zvakanyanya muCOPD. Sezvo chirwere chacho chichifambira mberi, kupererwa kwegesi kushandiswa kunowanzoipa, zvichiita kuti kuwedzerwa zviratidzo , kuremara, uye kurwara kwakakomba.
Mucus Yakawedzerwa
Kunyanya kudyidzana kwemakungu kunobatsira kuenderera mberi kwenzira dzepasi, kudzvinyirirwa kwemhepo, kuburitsa kunobereka uye kuperevedza kwemhepo inofananidzwa neCOPD. Iyo inobatawo basa guru mumutambo uye nguva yebhakitiriya mapapu zvirwere.
Mucus chinhu chinokonzera chinokonzerwa nemagetsi e-goblet uye masero emukasi ezvinyorwa zve submucosal.
Mumapapu ane utano, masero anokonzerwa nemafuta anowedzera akawanda mubronchi yakakura, achiderera nhamba sezvaanosvika pamabhonchioles maduku. Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinongororerwa kumhepo huru, asi ichiwedzera zvishoma sezvinoita mhepo inoyerera, yakanyangarika zvachose mumabhonchioles. Kazhinji, masikoni inoshanda nenzira inodzivirira kubatsira kubatidza mapapu uye kubvisa nzira dzekuenda kune dzimwe nyika. Mune COPD, michero yemasukisi , yakawanda-kana-pasi, inotendeuka pachayo.
Apo mapapu ari kuramba achiendeswa kunzira dzomugwagwa, masero anoputika anowedzera nhamba uye zvinyorwa zvemukati zvinowedzera muhukuru. Nekugadzirisa, vanova dutu mumhepo duku duku, kuwandisa kwemaromisi-akaita cilia masero anobatsira kuchena mutsvina kubva kumapapu.
Apo michina yekugadzira inopinda mumagetsi ekufambisa uye kubhururuka kwemhepo kunenge isina simba, mbungu inotanga kudzika mumhepo, ichiita chivhiringidziro uye nzvimbo yakakwana yekuzadza kuti mabhakitiriya awedzere. Sezvo mabhakitiriya ari kukura muchiverengo, bhakitiriya yemapupa zvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvinotevera kutevedzwa kweCOPD .
Chii Chaungaita?
Chinonyanya kukosha chekuita kweCOPD kusvuta kupera . Kusiya kusvuta kunogona kuderedza kushanda kwepapu kunonoka kunongowedzera kuwedzera kana kusvuta kuchienderera mberi.
Kana iwe usingafungi , iva nechokwadi chekudzivisa, kana kuisa zvishoma, kutarisana nezvose zvinopesana nemhepo. Izvi zvinosanganisira utsi hwechipiri , kusvibiswa kwemhepo, uye makemikari anoshanda kushanda.
Kudzivirira kukwidziridzwa kweCOPD kunokosha zvakare mukushanda kwezuva nezuva kweCOPD. Vazhinji varwere vanocherechedza basa ravo mune izvi, asi kana zvakatorwa, matanho ekudzivirira anobatsira kuderedza dambudziko rekuwedzera uye kuchengeta varwere kubva muchipatara.
Kana iwe usati wamboonekwa neCOPD uye uine zviratidzo, ona chiremba wako nezvekuongorora kwe spirometry . Kutanga kuongororwa kweCOPD kunotungamirira mukurapa kwokutanga nemigumisiro yakanakisisa kune avo vanovandudza chirwere.
Sources:
Nzira Dzakagadzirirwa Kuziva, Kutungamirirwa, uye Kudzivirira Kurapa Kunorambidzwa Kwemapfupa. The Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease. Yakarongedzwa 2011.
Toby J., uye Broadley, Kenneth J. Goblet Cell Hyperplasia, Airway Function, uye Leukocyte Infiltration mushure mekunyora Lipopolysaccharide Musinganzwisisiki muGuinea Guinea Pigs: Migumisiro yeRoprpram neDexamethasone. JPET 302: 814-821, 2002.