Zvikonzero zveMweya, Kuziva, uye Basa muLung Cancer
Ndeupi rudzi rwekuyera spirometry uye nei zvichikosha kukosha kwepermonary work test Ndeipi iyo inobatsira mukuongorora uye kutarisira mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana nekenza yemapapu neCOPD?
Tsanangudzo: Spirometry
Spirometry rudzi rwemapurmonary work test iyo inoyera kuwanda kwemhepo inotorwa mu (ivhu) uye inobudiswa sechinhu chenguva. Kakawanda, inokuudza kuti mweya wako uri kutama sei mumapapu ako, pamwe nekushanya kweizvi zvinoitika.
Kana iwe wakanga uine kupera kwepamusoro kwakaitwa muhofisi, iyi miedzo yakafanana asi yakarurama.
Zvinogona kunge zvakaoma kunzwisisa nhamba uye zvinorehwa nemiedzo yako, asi tora nguva kuti udzidze nezvevirometry yako. Kana ukangonzwisisa nhamba dzaunenge uine nzvimbo yakanakisisa inokwanisa kugadzirisa chero mamiriro ezvinhu emapapu iwe unogona kuva nawo.
Ngatitaurei nezvekuti sei ichi chiyero chimwe chete, zvipi zvingave zvingasiyanisa, uye zvadaro unoenda kune maitiro api asina kunaka.
Zvikonzero Zvokuita Zvokunamata
Spirometry inotora basa rinokosha mune zvose kuongorora nekutarisa mamiriro ezvinhu mazhinji emapapu. Inogona kushandiswa kusiyanisa mamiriro ezvinhu angangodaro akafanana neaya ane zviratidzo chete. Izvo zvinobatsirawo sechiyero chinangwa chekuti chirwere chemapapu chiri kufambira mberi uye sei chiri kupindura kurapwa. Spirometry inogona kurairwa ku:
- Anoongorora zvirwere zvemapapu.
- Kuyera kupindura kurapwa - Kuona kana mushonga wakadai semishonga uri kubatsira chirwere chemapapu chiri nani, kana kuti chigadzirisa chirwere ichi.
- Tsanangura kufambira mberi kwezvirwere zvemapapu - Kuti uone kana vari kuwedzera.
- Sarudza kuoma kwemapapu emapapu.
- Kusarudza mapapu mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemapapu - Spirometry chirongwa chinokosha vasati vavhiyiwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Inopa vanachiremba chirevo chekuti munhu ane chirwere chepapapu anogona sei kubvumira kuvhiyiwa kubva pakuona kwekufema, uyewo kuti munhu angapindura sei kuti ave nechikamu che kana mapapu ese abviswa.
- Kunyange zvazvo isina kushandiswa nguva dzose nokuda kweizvi, chidzidzo che 2017 chakawana kuti spirometry yakanga iri chishandiso chakakosha chokufanotaura kwehupo hwekenza yemapapu kune vanhu vakazarurirwa neAsbestos . Zvakaringana kuitira kuti vatsvakurudzi vakurudzire kuti spirometry inofanira kupiwa kuvashandi vose vakave nekusvibiswa kwe asbestos uye vanodzokorora makore ose matatu.
Spirometry muvanhu vane mungozi yengano
Spirometry inogona kuitirwa vanhu vane mupenza wemapapu kuti vaongorore uye vanocherechedza mhinduro yekurapa kwezviratidzo zvekuporesa. Izvo zvinogonawo kuitwa kuti uone kana chirwere chepapu chinorudzirwa-mune mamwe mazwi, kuona kana pane zvakakwana mapapiro basa kuitira kuti chirwere chemapapu chemapapu chizobvumirwa.
Ndeipi inonzi Spirometry Test Yakaitwa?
Spirometry inowanzoitwa muhofisi yechiremba. Munguva ye spirometry, iwe uchagara pachigaro uye unokumbira kufema kazhinji kwenguva pfupi. Iwe uchazopiwa muromo wekuisa muromo wako pamusoro pazvo unobatanidzwa kumushandira unonzi spirometer. (Chikamu chinogona kuiswa pamusoro pemhino dzako kuti uone kuti kufema kwako kwose kunopinda uye kunobva mumuromo wako.) Ipapo iwe uchakumbirwa kutora mupfungwa yakadzika uye wozobuda nesimba sezvinobvira. Chiremba wako kana chiremba wekuporesa angave iwe unodzokorora muedzo kakawanda kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti anowana kuverenga kwakarurama.
Kana muenzaniso wako unoratidza kudzivirira ona pasi apa) Chiremba wako anogona kunge iwe unoshandisa bronchodilator (yakadai se inhaler) uye enzanisa zviwanikwa zvako zvose uye pasina bronchodilator. Zvose, muedzo unotora anenge maminitsi gumi nemashanu, pamwe kana kuti kudarika nguva yekudzokorora zviyero.
Chiyero Chipi? Iwe
Spirometry inopa vadzidzisi vehutano nhamba mbiri dzinokosha dzingaratidza matambudziko ane mapapu. Izvi ndezvi:
- Kukanganiswa Kunokosha (FVC) - FVC inyaniso yekuti mweya unokwanisa kubudisa sei mumapapu ako nekufema kwakakwana.
- Kushandura Chinyorwa Chokumanikidzirwa (FEV1) - FEV1 chiyero chemuwandu wemhepo iwe unogona kubuda mumapapu ako mu1 seconds.
Chiyero cheFIVV kusvika kuFVC chichaverengwawo.
Famba Muenzaniso
Migumisiro ye spirometry inogona kuva yakajairika kana isingaiti. Kana ichinguva isiri iyo inoonekwa mune imwe yemapurogiramu maviri:
- Nzira yekudzivirira - Kana mafambiro emhepo akavharidzirwa (akavharidzirwa), uwandu hwemhepo iwe unogona kukurumidza kukurumidza mu1 wechipiri (FEV1) huwandu kupfuura izvo zvingazotarisirwa zvichienderana nezera rako, urefu, uye uremu. Sezvo FEV1 yako, munyaya iyi, iri pasi peiyo inotarisirwa, chiyero che FEV1 / FVC chakaderera kupfuura chiyero.
- Muitiro wekudzivirira - Chigadziro chinogona kusanganisira kupora mumapapu kana kuora mwoyo kunotungamirira kukura kwekodzero yemapapu kuti ashande, panzvimbo pokudzivirira kwemhepo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, FVC yakaderera asi chiyero cheFev1 / FVC chakakosha (zvose zviri zviviri zvishoma nezvishoma.)
Numeri mu Spirometry
Apo spirometry yapera, nhamba dzinowanikwa kune zviyero zviri pamusoro. Nhamba idzi dzinogona kuyerwa pasina mishonga uye zvakare mushure mekushandisa bronchodilator.
- Nzira yekudzivisa - FEV1 pasi pe80 muzana yezvakafanotaurwa, uye FEV1 / FVC yakaenzana ne 0.7 kana pasi.
- Zvinodzivirira muenzaniso
Mamiriro Ezvinhu Anozivikanwa neMweya
Spirometry inguedzo inobatsira asi inoshandiswa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvakawanikwa munhoroondo, zvemuviri, uye yekufungidzirwa kuedza kuongorora. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvigumisiro hazviwanzoshandiswa chete. Spirometry inogona kushandiswa kubatsira kubatsira:
- Chirwere chekudzivirira chirwere chemapemmoni (COPD) kusanganisira emphysema, chronic bronchitis, uye bronchiectasis.
- Emphysema (rudzi rweCOPD)
- Bronchiectasis (rudzi rwePC {D)
- Bronchitis Isingaperi (rudzi rweCOPD)
- Asthma
- Pulmonary fibrosis, kusanganisira idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Cystic fibrosis
Mafuro uye Matumbo Anorwara
Muenzaniso wakaonekwa pa spirometry unogona kushandiswa kuparadzanisa rudzi rwakasiyana rwemapapu chirwere, somuenzaniso:
- Nzira yekudzivisa - Nzira yekudzivirira ichaonekwa mumapapu ane chokuita nemhepo dzakadai seCOPD uye asthma.
- Zvinodzvinyirira muenzaniso - Chimiro chekudzivirira chinogona kuonekwa mumamiriro ezvinhu umo pane zvakananga kumapapu nekukurumidza sepermonary fibrosis.
- Muitiro wekukanganiswa - Kana vanhu vane zvirwere zvinopfuura rimwe remapapu-zvakadai se cystic fibrosis uye asthma-chimiro chekubatanidza chinogona kuonekwa pa spirometry.
Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemusiyano pakati pekudzivirira nekudzivirira zvirwere zvemapapu.
Zvidzidzo Zvirwere Zvirwere - Mienzaniso inosanganisira:
- Asthma
- COPD (emphysema, chronic bronchitis, uye bronchiectasis)
Zvidzitiro Zvirwere Zvirwere - Mienzaniso inosanganisira:
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Post-chirurgic (pashure pe lumpectomy kana pneumonectomy)
- Kuwedzera muviri
- Scoliosis
Ndezvipi Zvimwe Mimwe Miedzo Inogona Kudiwa?
Dzimwe nguva spirometry ndoga haikwanise kuona kana iwe une chivhiringidzi kana kuti chinogadzirisa chirwere chemapapu kana zvimwe zvacho zvose. Semuenzaniso, mumusanganiswa wepamusoro munhu angave ane zvose zvinokonzera chirwere chemapapu (asthma) uye chirwere chinogadzirisa chirwere (zvakadai seplmonary fibrosis)
Chiyero chinowanzoshandiswa kubatsira kujekesa ichi chirwere chemapapu.
Kududzira Zvaunoda Pakunamata
Zvinogona kuoneka zvakanyanya paunotarisa kuverenga kwako, asi kuburikidza nekuchiputsa muzviito zvishomanana sezvinoitwa navanachiremba, iwe uchakwanisa kuverenga uye kunzwisisa zvinowanzoitika uye zvinogumira zvaunoreva kwauri.
Sechiito chekutanga, tangotarisa nhamba dzeFVC yako ne FEV1 uye uzvienzanise nemigumisiro yakafanotaurwa zvichienderana nekuverenga kuburikidza nehurefu uye uremu. Kana nhamba idzi dziri makumi mapfumbamwe kana makumi matatu kana kupfuura dzezvakafanotaurwa, mugumisiro unowanzowanzoitika (chinyorwa - pane dzimwe nguva zvisizvo zvekare zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako.
Kana imwe FVC yako kana FEV1 isingazivikanwi (pasi pe80 muzana yezvakafanotaurwa), mamwe matanho anodiwa kuti anzwisise mhinduro.
Kana imwe FVC yako kana FEV1 isingaiti, tarisa mhinduro yehuwandu hweFARV1 kusvika kuFVC. Izvi zvingadhindwa sechikamu chiduku che FEV1 pane FVC. Kana nhamba iyi iri kupfuura 70 muzana inogona kunge iwe une chirwere chinogadzirisa chirwere. Kana iyi nhamba iri pasi pe70 muzana, iwe unogona kuva nechirwere chekuvhara chirwere chemapapu.
Zvakare, zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti pane zvisizvo, uye mamwe maedzo anogona kudiwa. Asi kutarisa nhamba yako kusvikira pano kunokubatsira iwe kuti unzwisise zviri kuitika apo iwe chiremba achikurukura matanho anotevera kutora.
Kusuruvara Kwezvirwere Kubva kuMweya weCroometry Results
Mukuwedzera pakuparadzanisa kusadzivirira nekudzivirira zvipembenene zvemapapu zvirwere, spirometry inogona kuratidza kuti chirwere chakanyanya sei. NeCOPD mazinga aya anotarisa kune izvo nhamba dziri mushure mekunge mumwe munhu akashandisa bronchodilator. Mune mamwe mazwi, vanotaura nezvekuvhara kwezvipi zvisingashanduki (uye naizvozvo, zvichida zvachose.)
- An FEV1 inopfuura 80 muzana inonzi inofanirwa.
- An FEV1 ye 60 kusvika ku79 muzana inoratidzira kugadzikana kwakanyarara
- An FEV1 ye40 kusvika ku59 muzana mushure mokunge bronchodi seyero.
- An FEV1 yeasingasviki 40 muzana inonzi Casic.
Mitezo inogona kutariswa pamwe chete uye pasina bronchodilator
Kana iwe uine COPD, ichi chiyero chichashandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe mashoko kuti uone "GOLD" kuisa maitiro epakati chechirwere chako.
Ngozi dzeNzira
Spirometry ndiyo nzira yakachengetedzeka, asi vamwe vanhu vanogona kuve nemisoro ine mvere nemhepo yakadzika inotorwa panguva yekuedzwa. Hazvikurudzirwi kuti vanhu vane chiyero chakaitwa kana vakave nekurwadziwa kwemoyo munguva pfupi kana kuti kurohwa, kana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai sapapapu akarasika (pneumothorax.)
Pasi Pano pa Spirometry
Spirometry iyi inobatsira uye inowanzoedzwa inoshandiswa kusiyanisa pakati pemapapu emapapu uye kutarisa kuoma-kana chirwere chiri kupindura kurapwa kana kufambira mberi. Pane dzimwe nguva, mamwe maitiro emapurmoni anoedzwa anoshandiswa pamwe chete ne spirometry kuti awedzere kunzwisisa chirwere. Kana uine spirometry, tora nguva kuti chiremba wako arondedze nhamba yako, pamwe nekushanduka kupi zvako nhamba yako kupfuura nguva. Kuva iwe mutungamiri wako uye kudzidza pamusoro pemamiriro ako ezvinhu kunokuisa iwe munharaunda yakanakisisa yekuita kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti uri kutora kurapa kwakanakisisa inogona kuitwa uye kuita zvose zvaunoda kuita kuti uve nehutano hwakanaka hwehupenyu nemamiriro ako.
Uyewo Anozivikanwa Se: pulmonary function test
> Sources:
> Borlee, F., Yzermans, C., uye E. Krop. Spirometry, Questionaire uye Electronic Electronic Medical Record Kubva kuCOPD mu Population Survey: Kuenzanisa Kuwanda, Nhamba yeChipatano uye Kubatana neZviitiko Zvingangozi. PLoS One . 2017. 12 (3): e0171494.
> Gentry, S., uye B. Gentry. Kuzvidzivirira Kusingaperi Pulmonary Disease: Kuziva uye Kutarisira. American Family Physician . 2017. 95 (7): 433-441.
> Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, naStefano L .. Hauser. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York: Mc Graw Hill yembudzi, 2015. Print.