Circadian disorder inotungamirira kuhope uye kurara pakati pemapofu
Pane humwe hutano hwehope hunotora humwe humwe hutano hwepfungwa kuti uzvinzwisise. Kunyanya, zvinogona kunge zvakaoma kunzwisisa zve circadian rhythm disorders . Izwi rinobatanidza ndiro chigumbuso chekutanga; sayenzi inogona kuva dambudziko rakawedzerwa. Ngatitorei uye tiedze kunzwisisa imwe yezvinonyanya kuvhiringidza: Chii chisina 24-Hour-Sleep-Wake Disorder (Kwete-24)?
Dzidza nezvezvinokonzera, zviratidzo, kuongororwa, uye kurapwa kweVasiri-24.
Circadian Rhythms uye Basics Of Non-24
Kuti unzwisise zviri nani Kwete-24, zvakakosha kuongorora mune imwe yenzira dzakakosha dzehupenyu: nguva yekurara uye kumuka kune chiedza chemaitiro eusiku nemasikati.
Pasina kupedza nguva yakawandisa kufungidzira pamusoro pekushanduka kwehukama uhwu, zvine musoro kufunga kuti hupenyu hunoda kuziva nekushanda kana zvokudya zviripo. Kana ikasava yakachengeteka, inotonhora, kana kana chikafu chiri nyore kukurumidza kuuya, zvingava zvine musoro kuvhara zvinhu uye kuchengetedza simba. Izvi zvingave chikonzero chinokosha nei tichirara .
Kubatanidza zvirongwa zvemuviri - kurara uye kumuka, metabolism, hormone release - kusvika panguva yezuva rejiyo rinotora nguva chaiyo yekuchengeta nguva. Iyi yeawa inonzi inonzi chiprasiasmatic nucleus (SCN) . Inoratidzira mu hypothalamus , chikamu chekupedzisira cheropi chinonyatsobatanidzwa nekuona kwedu kwechiedza.
Chiedza chinopinda maziso uye chinotenderera kuburikidza neropa re optic, kuwedzera kweuropi pachake. Pamberi pemeso, kuiswa kubva kumeso ose kuburikidza nemitambo yemisere panzvimbo inonzi optic chiasm. Pasi peizvi ( supra ), ndiyo SCN. Chiedza naizvozvo chinonyatsodzora nguva yemuviri yezviitiko zvinotevera chirevo che circadian rhythm .
Pasina chiedza, muviri wedu unova ngarava yakarasika. Asi isu hatisi mumatambudziko akaoma sezvinogona kufungidzirwa. Yakavakwa mumarongerwo emagetsi edu, muviri wedu uchachengetedza circadian maitiro kunze kwekutarisana nemagetsi echiedza nerima. Kana iwe ukaiswa mubako, nzvimbo inogara iine simba, iwe unenge uchiri kurara maawa masere uye uve wakamuka maawa anenge 16 pazuva - asi kwete chaizvo. Kune vanhu vazhinji, zuva rakagara rakagadziridzwa kureba kwenguva refu, kazhinji rinenge maawa 24 ne2. (Kazhinji inogona kuva shoma kupfuura maawa makumi maviri nemana.) Iyi inenge imwe hafu yeawa yenguva. Somugumisiro, zuva roga roga iwe unoda kuenda kunorara uye unomuka maminitsi makumi matatu gare gare nokuti iwe unenge usingazivi manheru kana usiku. Chiedza chinobatsira kugadzirisa maawa edu emukati zuva roga roga uye pasina iyo miviri yedu yec circadian inotenderera mukati mezuva rejiji. Izvi zvinoguma mushoko rehurukuro risina kuvharidzirwa kana risina kudzidziswa rinoshanduka kwevhiki.
Ichokwadi, ichi ndicho chiitiko chemapofu zvachose. Avo avo vanoshaya zvachose maonero ekuona haagoni kugadziriswa zvakare. Panzvimbo pezvo, ruzivo rwavo rwetsika rwakagadziridzwa runotaridzika runotora. Somugumisiro, chido chavo chokurara chinowanikwa zvishoma gare gare zuva roga roga, zvichiita kuti varege kurara .
Vanodawo kumuka zvakare, uye izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurara zvakanyanya . Pachava nenguva apo kune hukama hwakanyatsoputika pakati peusiku husiku uye hwomukati-zviratidzo zvekurara. Zvadaro, zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinhu zvinotanga kudzokera shure muchikamu. Izvi zvinoshandura kusarudzwa kunokonzera chirwere chehope chinonzi, muchidimbu, Kwete-24.
Zvinokonzera
Kwete-24 inonyanya kuitika nekuda kwepofu. Inofungidzirwa kuti kune mamiriyoni 1 mapofu vanhu vari muUnited States uye 20 muzana mapofu zvachose. Zvichienderana nehupenyu hwehupofu, vamwe vanogona kuchengetedza zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki zve circadian rhythms. Avo avo vanonyatsoshaya kuonekwa kwemaonero vari pangozi yekuvandudza kwete-24.
Ichi chirwere chinogona kunge chinokanganisa zvinopfuura hafu yemapofu zvachose uye 50 kusvika ku80 muzana inonyunyuta nezvekuvhiringidzika kwehope.
Zvinofadza, Kwete-24 inogonawo kuitika kune vanhu vanoona. Yakave ichitaurirwa pakati pevaya vane nguva yakareba yakagadzirirwa circadian rhythm (inonzi tau). Zvinogonawo kuitika pakati peusiku mashizha nekunonoka kwehope yesigaba syndrome (DSPS) iyo inotora nguva yakareba. Inogona kuonekwa mumatambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo uye avo vane urema hwepfungwa kubva kune zvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira:
- Rett syndrome
- Angelman syndrome
- Dementia
- Kukuvara kwepfungwa kunetseka
Pasinei nokuti chii chinokonzera kusina 24, zviratidzo zvichave zvakafanana.
Zviratidzo
Vanhu vane Hasi-24 vachagunun'una nezvekuchinja maitiro ematambudziko okuwa kana kurara, zviratidzo zvekushaya hope, uye kurara kwemasikati. Izvi zvinowanzochinja kwevhiki dzinoverengeka sezvo chido chekurara chinoshanduka kune maitiro ezvisikwa zvechiedza nerima. Pachava nenguva apo kurara kunogara kwakanaka, chete kuwedzera kuwedzera zvakare. Vanotambudzika vanogonawo kugunun'una nezvekuoma nekufungisisa, kurangarira kwenguva pfupi, uye mafungiro. Inogonawo kutungamirira kumudumbu kushungurudzika uye pfungwa yekunzwa isina kunaka inonzi malaise. Zviratidzo izvi zvinopedza mwedzi mitatu.
Kuziva
Mamiriro acho anowanzoongororwa kubva pakuongorora nzira dzekurara kwemazuva masere. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemazuva ose ekurara kana actigraphy . Aya marekheni acharatidza kuti anonoka zvishoma nezvishoma mukurara zuva rega rega, sezvo vanhu vazhinji vezvercadian nguva inopfuura maawa makumi maviri nemaviri. Kuwanda kwekunonoka kunoenderana nemutauro wekunzwisisa uye unogona kubva kubva pasi pemaminitsi makumi matatu kusvika kune 1 awa.
Nguva yakawanda inotora kurara, kana kurara latency, ichawedzera. Mukuwedzera, kuwedzera kwekubatana kwekurara kwezuva kuchaitika.
Mimwe miedzo yekusimbisa inogona kusanganisira kuenzaniswa nemuviri wekuyerera kwechiedza chinonzi melatonin rose (DLMO) kana 6-sulfatoxymelatonin mumuguta, kazhinji pamatanho maviri ane mavhiki maviri kusvika mana.
Mishonga
Kwete-24 inowanzobatwa nehana shoma ye melatonin inotorwa manheru. Hetlioz mishonga yemishonga inowanika kune iyo mamiriro. Vanhu mapofu vanogonawo kupindura pane dzimwe nguva dzenguva, zvakadai sekuita muviri uye kudya. Kana pasina-24 inowanikwa mumaziso, kutaridzika kwemazuva kwakakodzera kunogona kubatsira.
Kana uchitenda iwe unogona kunge uchinge usina 24, tanga uchitsvaga kuongororwa nenyanzvi yekurara uyo anogona kuronga kuongororwa kwakawedzerwa uye kupa chirwere chakakodzera chechiitiko.
> Sources:
> "Kutsvaga Munyika Dzepasi Dambudziko Rokurara." American Academy of Sleep Medicine , edition 3, 2014.
> Lewy AJ uye Newsome DA. "Mhando dzakasiyana dzeMalatonin circadian secretory rhythms mune dzimwe nyaya dzisina mapofu." J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1983; 56: 1103-07.
> Morgenthaler TI et al . "Ita maitiro emakiriniki kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwe circadian rhythm kurwara kurara: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine inoshuma." Kurara . 2007; 30: 1445-59.
> Sack RL et al . "Circadian rhythm kusagadzikana muvanhu vasina mapofu zvakakwana: chiitiko uye chiremba chinorehwa." J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1992; 75: 127-134.
> Sack, RL et al . "Entrainment yekusununguka-kutamba circadian rhythms ne melatonin mune mapofu vanhu." NEJM . 2000; 343 (15) 1070-1077.