Ubongo Bwenharaunda Hunodzora Nguva Yokurara, Kumuka, Kutapisa, uye Mahomoni
Chii chinonzi chinucleus chirasiasmatic (SCN)? Dzidza nezvehutachiona hwehutano uhwu munzvimbo ye hypothalamus uye kuti SCN inotarisira sei kurara kwemuviri uye inogadzira mapepa pamwe nekupisa, metabolism, uye hormone release. Tsvaga zvinoitika kana SCN ichikuvara uye ndeipi zvimwe zviratidzo zvingava zvakakosha.
Shoko kune Circadian Rhythms
Kune maitiro akawanda emukati maitiro ayo ari kunze kwekunokonzerwa nemamiriro edu ezvinhu.
Pasi rine maawa makumi maviri nemaviri nemaminitsi makumi mashanu nemasere ekufambisa kwezuva rimwe nerimwe anopa maitiro ekufananidzira kwechiedza uye kutonhora, zvokudya, uye zvikara zvekudya. Nokugadzirisa kushanduka kwezvinhu, maitiro aya anokonzera metabolism uye mufambiro wezvinenge zvose zvipenyu panyika, kusanganisira vanhu. Izwi rokuti circadian rinotsanangura maawa anenge makumi maviri nemaawa makumi maviri nemaviri anotorwa pasina humwe hwezvinhu izvi zvekunze. Mune vanhu, dzimwe dzenguva yakanyatsogadziriswa mukati maitiro inogona kuramba ichizviparadzanisa inosanganisira:
- Kurara uye kumuka
- Metabolism
- Kushisa kwemuviri wepanyama
- Cortisol
- Mazinga eMelatonin
- Mamwe mahomoni
Pane kuwirirana pakati pekati yemaawa neyekunze kwenguva cues. Mishonga yakawanda mumuviri ichatevera nzira yepiscadian, uye mutungamiri wekutanga ari nzvimbo yeuropi inonzi nucleus yapamusoro-soro.
Chii Chinonzi Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of the Brain's Hypothalamus?
Nucleus yechiprachiasmatic iri munharaunda inofamba yeuropi inonzi hypothalamus .
Iine boka remasero emishonga (kana neurons) anodzora muviri wako circadian rhythm. Nucleus inoratidzira masimba inenge iri mupfungwa isina kufanira ye optic chiasm, apo nerve dzinotambanudza kubva kune rimwe nerimwe kusvika kune uropi hupfuura, uye nenzira iyo inonyanya kutungamirirwa nemugove wekuedza.
Basa reScN muHanormal Sleep uye Circadian Rhythms
Chiedza ndiyo inonyanya kudzora muviri we circadian rhythms.
Inowanikwa muziso neyakagadzirirwa inonzi intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) ine chinyorwa chephotopigment melanopsin. Ikoko kune hutano hunoti retinohypothalamic tract inowedzera kubva ku retina yeziso kusvika kune anterior hypothalamus. Mukati ye hypothalamus inogara SCN, mutumbi wepakati pacemaker (kana kuti master clock).
Circadian rhythm zvinetso zvekurara zvinogona kuitika apo schishoni pakati pemuviri uye kunze kwemamiriro evanhu yakarasika. Maitiro ekurara uye kumuka angasazogadzirisa maitiro evanhu. Mamiriro aya anosanganisira:
- Delayed sleep phase syndrome
- Advanced sleep phase syndrome
- Free-run ( Kwete-24 )
- Kurara kusina kukwana-kumira rhythm
Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Vamwe vanhu vane kunonoka kwechikamu chehope vane maitiro ekugadziriswa kuti ave nechisarudzo chakasiyana-siyana, nemamiriro ezvinhu ari mumhuri nekutanga muhucheche. Zvinetso izvi zvingave zvakanyanya kukura nekusarudzwa kwemararamiro, kusanganisira zvisina kurara zvigaro kana kusakwanira kana kutadza nguva yakajeka. Izvo zvinogonawo kukanganisa chimiro, kukuvara, kana zvimwe zvikonzero zvinokonzera kukura kwechirwere che circadian.
Chii Chichiitika Kana Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Ichikuvara?
Mukufungisisa nzira kubva pakuona chiedza kune SCN, zvinokwanisika kuti kukuvadza kuitike munzvimbo dzakawanda.
Vanhu avo vari mapofu zvachose, vasina zvachose maonero ekuedza, vanogona kukura Kwete-24. Mukugadzirisa kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaora sechirwere cheAlzheimer, kunyanya avo vanogara mune imwe sangano seimba inotarisira vakwegura, musingaoneki kurara-rhythm kunogona kukura. Dambudziko, chirwere, kana zviremara zvinogonawo kukonzera SSC uye zvinokonzera kusagadzikana kwayo.
Apo iyo midzi yekuputika kwemuviri yakakanganisika uye basa rayo rinopedzisira ranyengedzwa, maawa ekuvhima akarasika mutungamiriri wavo. Nguva yekubudiswa kwehomoni, metabolism, nezvimwe zvinogona kutyisidzika. Pane humwe hutsva hwekuongorora hunoti izvi zvinogona kubatsira kune zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana.
Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekutsvaga nguva zvingave zvakakosha. Mune mapofu, chirwere chakakomba che melatonin manheru chingangodaro. Zvimwe, kushandiswa kweHetlioz kunogona kuratidzwa. Nguva yenguva dzekugarana, kurovedza muviri, kudya, kusimba kwekuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro okunze, uye nzvimbo yekurara inogona kutora basa rinonyanya kukosha pakukurudzira nguva yekugadzirisa mukati.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe uine hanya kuti iwe unogona kuve nechirwere che circadian, tanga nokutaura nehope wechirwere. Iwe unogona kudzokorora zviratidzo zvako nekuwana kurapa kwakanaka kunobatsira iwe kurara zviri nani usiku uye unonzwa zviri nani masikati.
> Sources:
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> Kryger, MH et al . "Mazano Nezviito Zvokurapa Mishonga." ExpertConsult , 5th edition, 2011.
> Moore-Ede, MC et al . "Chirongwa chepanyama chenguva," muThe Clocks That Time Us . Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1984, p. 3.
> Peters, BR. "Nguva isiri yehovheji nekumuka." Kuongororwa kweKunyunyuta kwehope . Kurara Med Clinic . 9 (2014) 481-489.
> Ramsey, KM uye Bass, J. "Mhando dzezvipfuwo zvekushungurudzika kwechironobiology: cell and tissue," mumitemo uye maitiro ekurapa mishonga . Yakarongedzwa naKryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC. St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier Saunders, 2011, peji 463-467.