Ukama hwenguva nehope, Kuvheneka, maHormoni, uye Metabolism
Circadian rhythms inogona kunge iine pfungwa yakaoma zvikuru kunzwisisa munyika yese yekurapa kwekurara. Pane zvakawanda zvekutaura kwakanyanyisa uye zvinotsigira nesayenzi iyo haisi nyore kusvika. Nenzira yakanaka, kunzwisisa kwepfungwa yesayenzi ye circadian rhythm kunogona kuwanikwa uye kunogona kubatsira kutsanangura mamwe mamiriro ekurara , kurara kwemasikati , uye zvimwe zvirwere zvehope.
Kudengenyeka kwenyika
Pasi reawa makumi maviri nemaviri nemaminitsi makumi mashanu nemasere ekufamba-famba kwezuva nezuva inopa maitiro ekufananidzira kwechiedza, chekushisa, zvokudya, uye mhuka. Nokugadzirisa kushanduka kwekushanduka-shanduka, muviri we metabolism-uye kunyange isu-maitiro anorongwa kuti apindure panguva ino chaiyo.
Muna 1959, Franz Halberg akagadzira izwi rokuti circadian, kubva muchiLatini rinoreva "zvezuva rimwe chete." Rinotsanangura maitiro akawanda emaawa makumi maviri nemaviri anowanikwa mukati mezvisikwa zvose zvepasi pano.
Internal Clock
Mukati momuviri wedu, kune hurongwa huri munzvimbo hunotarisa nguva uye inogadzirisa maitiro mazhinji emukati kune zviitiko zvemazuva ose mukati memhepo. Zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi zvinokosha zvinosanganisira:
- Kurara uye kumuka
- Metabolism
- Kushisa kwemuviri wepanyama
- Cortisol
- Mazinga eMelatonin
- Mamwe mahomoni (kukura hormone, thyroid hormone, nezvimwewo)
Kutonga kwemaitiro aya kunowanikwa muhupenyu hwedu hwemagetsi. Michina inobatanidza rhyimbi iyo icharamba ichizvimiririra kunze kwemasimba.
Mhuka yekutanga mammalian, Clock , yakagadzirirwa muna 1994. Majini mazhinji akawanda akaonekwa kuti anoumba mazana molecular clock inopa mamwe masero, mavara, uye nhengo.
Sero rimwe nerimwe mumumuviri wedu rinotevera ruzivo rwemasikirini, humwe unyanzvi hukuru hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hunoenderana nenguva huripo uye hunogadzirirwa neboka duku remasero mune chikamu chepakati cheuropi hypothalamus .
Nokuda kwehomoni uye zvimwe zvisati zvisingatauri, zvinoita kuti pacemaker inobatanidza mazhenje emativi ose aripo mumasero zvakasiyana-siyana semwoyo, chiropa, uye adipose tissues.
Chiedza chinonzwisiswa nemaziso uye chinofamba nenzira ye retina kune maziso emagetsi. Pamusoro pe "optic chiasm", uko maviri optic nerve anoyambuka mushure meziso, anogara pasi peprachiasmatic (SCN). Iyi ndiyo maawa emuviri. Inobatanidza miitiro yakawanda yepanyama inotsanangurwa kusvika panguva yekuedza uye rima mumamiriro ezvinhu.
Aya maitiro acharambira pasina kunze kwemazuva, asi anogona kuchinja zvishoma kubva kumazuva ezuva. Somugumisiro, muga woga kubva pakugadzirisa zvakare zvinyorwa, nguva yezviitiko izvi zvishoma nezvishoma zvingave zvisingatenderwi. Nhamba yekuchinja inogona kuvimba nemararamiro edu, kana tau, nevanhu vakawanda vane mukati reawa rinomhanya kwemaawa masere.
Zvinonzwisisika kuti isu genetic uye kushamwaridzana nemamwe zvinhu zvakasikwa-kunyanya kusvibiswa kwezuva rezuva- zvinenge zvakakosha pakugadzirisa zvakare mukati maawa. Izvi zvinokonzera kunze zvinonzi zeitgebers , kubva kuGermany kune "nguva dzinopa".
Kunze kweSync
Apo inenge mukati inenge isinganzwisisiki kune zvakatipoteredza kana kutarisirwa kwevanhu, hutano hwe circadian dzakadai sokunonoka uye hutachiona hwechirwere chechirwere chinogona kuitika.
Nokudururwa kwakakwana kubva pakuona kwemaonero, sezvinoitika muhupofu hwose, A Non-24 rhythm inoitika.
Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu anowanzobatanidzwa nekushaya hope uye kunyarara kwemasikati masikati uye kusagadzikana muhutano hwekurara hunoita kuti hutano nehutano husakanganise. Nenzira inofadza, kurapwa kwemasikirari e circadian kunogona kushanda zvikuru uye chiremba-akaremberedzwa chiremba anogona kuratidza mazano anobatsira uye zvigadzirwa.
> Sources:
> Lewy, AJ et al . "Phase inoshandura vanhu circadian clock vachishandisa melatonin." Behav Brain Res . 1996; 73: 131-134.
> Peters, BR. "Nguva isiri yehovheji nekumuka." Kuongororwa kweKunyunyuta kwehope. Kurara Med Clinic . 9 (2014) 481-489.
> Piggins, HD. "Maziso evanhu revanhu." Ann Med . 2002; 34 (5) 394-400.
> Reid, KJ uye Zee, PC. "Zvirwere zveCycadian zvekurara," muMitemo neMabasa ekurapa . Yakarongedzwa naKryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC. St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier Saunders, 2011, mapeji 470-482.
> Sack, RL uye Lewy, AJ. "Circadian rhythm kurara kwekurara: zvidzidzo kubva kune mapofu." Kurara Mishonga Ongororo . 2001; 5 (3): 189-206.