31 Mishonga yezvinodhaka ikozvino inowanika kurapa HIV
Antiretroviral madhiragi akarongerwa kuva makirasi mashanu kubva pachikamu chehupenyu hweHIV vanorambidza. Mazuva ano, pane makumi maviri nemasere (vanoshevedza madhiralekemu) uye 12 zvakagadziriswa dosed pamwe chete (FDC) zvinodhaka zvinosanganisira maviri kana kupfuura. Zvinomwe zveMADCs, chaizvoizvo, zvinogona kushandiswa se-single-pill, kamwe chete-zuva remishonga, kuve nekuwedzera kushandiswa kwekurapa uye kushandiswa kwekushandisa.
Antiretroviral therapy inowanzogadzirirwa kushandisa zvitatu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemishonga, urongwa hwaizivikanwa seHART (kunyanya kushandiswa kwetachiona hwetachiona hwetachiona). Kubva pakutanga kwaro muna 1996, HAART yakachinja zvikuru uye nhasi inopa migumisiro shoma uye yakakura kurapwa kwakanaka kudarika kare.
Zvechokwadi, chirwere chetatu-remishonga inodhaka chingakurumidza kuva chinhu chekare uye nemishonga miviri yemishonga yakadai seJuliuca (dolutegravir + rilpivirine) ikozvino yakagamuchirwa kuti ishandiswe seyo yakakwana, yose-mune-HIV inorapwa.
Musi waFebruary 7, 2018, mutsva weHIV mushonga wezvinodhaka, bictegravir, wakabvumidzwa kuti ushandiswe neU.S. Food and Drug Administration sechikamu cheDDC chirwere, Biktarvy.
| Kirasi yeMishonga | Zita Rekushandisa | Zita rechizvarwa | Kusarudzwa Kwevakuru | Dietary Notes |
| Entry Inhibitors | Fuzeon | enfuvirtide, T-20 | 90mg (1 mL) inorohwa kaviri zuva nezuva | Hapana |
| Selzentry, Celsentri | maraviroc | Imwe 150mg tablet rimwe zuva rega rega, imwe 300mg tablet rimwe zuva rimwe nerimwe, kana mapiritsi 300mg kaviri zuva rega rega, zvichienderana nemishonga yemishonga | Hapana | |
| Pharmacokinetic Enhancers (yakawana HIV Drug Boosters) | Norvir | ritonavir | Nenzira inonzi protease inhibitor, Norvir inoshandiswa kunongoda "kukusimudzira" mishonga yemishonga yema serum yeimwe protease inhibitors (PIs); vanyori vanofanira kuongororai zvakakwana kunyora ruzivo pavanobatanidzwa nePIs | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya |
| Tybost | cobicistat | 150mg kutorwa kamwe chete zuva rimwe nerimwe; technically a CYP3A inhibitor, Tybost inoshandiswa ku "kusimbisa" masero emishonga emu serum akawanda eprotease inhibitors (PIs) | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Integrase Inhibitors | Isentress | raltegravir | Rimwe tablet ye 400mg inotorwa kaviri zuva rega rega | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya |
| Tivicay | dolutegravir | Imwe 50mg tablet yezuva nezuva yevatwere vasingateereri; imwe 50mg tablet rimwe zuva rega rega kuitira varwere vane ruzivo rwekurapa Isentress | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Vitekta | elvitegravir | 85mg kana 150mg tablet yakatorwa kamwe kana kaviri zuva rega rega, pamwe neNorvir uye imwe protease inhibitor; inoreva dosing chati kune maitiro chaiwo | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Nucleoside uye Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs / NtRTIs) | Emtriva | emtricitabine | Imwe ipiritsi 100mg inotorwa kamwe chete, kana imwe 150mg tablet yakatorwa kaviri pazuva | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya |
| Epivir | lamivudine | Rimwe piritsi ye 300mg inotorwa kamwe chete, kana imwe 150mg tablet yakatorwa kaviri zuva rega rega | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Retrovir | AZT, zidovudine | Imwe ipiritsi 300mg inotorwa kaviri pazuva | Zvokudya zvingaita kuti musikana usanetseka | |
| Videx EC | didanosine, ddI | Rimwe 400mg capsule inotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva; kana imwe 200mg capsule inotorwa kamwe chete zuva rega rega kune varwere pasi pe 133 lbs (60kg) | Kutorwa pazvisina mimba | |
| Viread | tenofovir | Imwe ipiritsi 300mg inotorwa kamwe chete zuva rega rega | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Zerit | stavudine | Imwe 40mg capsule inotorwa 12 hora kune varwere 133 lb (60kg) uye kupfuura; kana imwe 30mg capsule inotorwa 12 hora kune varwere vasingapfuuri 133 lbs (60kg) | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Ziagen | abacavir | Mahwendefa maviri ma 300mg anotorwa kamwe chete, kana imwe tablet ye 300mg inotorwa kaviri pazuva | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) | Edurant | rilpivirine | Rimwe 25mg tablet yakatorwa kamwe zuva nezuva | Kutorwa nekudya |
| Intelence | etravirine | Rimwe rekrimoni 200mg inotorwa kaviri zuva rega rega | Kutorwa nekudya | |
| Rescriptor | delavirdine | Mahwendefa maviri e 200mg akatorwa katatu zuva nezuva | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Sustiva | efavirenz | Rimwe piritsi ye 600mg inotorwa kamwe chete zuva rega rega | Itai chisina chinhu mudumbu | |
| Viramune XR | nevirapine | Induction dose imwe yemapuraneti 200mg Viramune zuva nezuva kwemazuva 14, ipapo imwe 100mg Viramune XR tablet zuva nezuva | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Protease Inhibitors (PIs) | Aptivus | tipranavir | Maviri 250mg capsules anotorwa ne 200mg Norvir kaviri zuva nezuva | Yakatorwa nekutya |
| Crixivan | indinavir | Mazana 400mg capsules anotorwa ne 100mg kana 200mg Norvir kaviri zuva rimwe nerimwe (yakasarudzwa), kana maviri mammita capsules akatorwa maawa masere ose | NaNorvir, tora kana usina kudya; kunze kweNorvir, tora usina chinhu mudumbu | |
| Invirase | saquinavir | Mahwendefa maviri emadhimita mashanu akatorwa ne 100mg Norvir kaviri zuva rimwe nerimwe | Yakatorwa nechingwa kana mukati maawa maviri ekudya | |
| Kaletra | 200 mg lopinavir + 50mg Norvir (Ziva - lopinavir inowanikwa chete sechikamu cheKalatra) | Mahwendefa maviri kaviri zuva rimwe nerimwe; mahwendefa mana kamwe chete zuva nezuva anogamuchirwa nevarwere vasingateereri kana varwere vane mutasvikiri pasi pemasere anokonzerwa nekudzivirira kwelopinavir | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Lexiva, Telzir | fosamprenavir | Mahwendefa maviri mazana mazana manomwe akatorwa kaviri pazuva; kana mahwendefa maviri mazana manomwe emagwai akatorwa ne 100mg 100mg Norvir kamwe zuva rimwe nerimwe; kana imwe piritsi ye 700mg inotorwa ne 100mg Norvir kaviri zuva rimwe nerimwe kune varwere vane PI kusakundikana kwekare | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Prezista | darunavir | Rimwe mapepa 800mg (kana mapiritsi mazana mana emagetsi) akatorwa ne 100mg Norvir kamwe zuva nezuva; kana imwe piritsi yemamita 600mg inotorwa ne 100mg Norvir kaviri zuva rimwe nerimwe kuvarwere vane mazinga anozivikanwa e Prezista- kusanganiswa kusangana | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Reyataz | atazanavir | Maviri 200mg capsules anotorwa kamwe chete, kana 300mg (kana maviri 150mg) capsules inotorwa ne 100mg Norvir kamwe kamwe | Kutorwa nechiedza chekuedza | |
| Viracept | nelfinavir | Mahwendefa maviri emamiriyoni 625 akatorwa kaviri zuva rimwe nerimwe, kana mapiritsi mashanu e 250mg anotorwa kaviri zuva rimwe nerimwe, kana mapiritsi 250mg akatorwa katatu zuva rimwe nerimwe | Inotorwa nekudya kana chikafu chechiedza | |
| Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) Zvinodhaka | Combivir | 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kaviri pazuva | Zvokudya zvingaita kuti musikana usanetseka |
| Epzicom | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Evotaz | 300mg Reyataz + 150mg Tybost | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Prezcobix | 800mg Prezista + 150mg Tybost | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Truvada | 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Yose-in-One Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) Zvinodhaka | Atripla | 600mg Sustiva + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva; hapana imwe antiretroviral agent inoda | Zviri nani pane zvisina chinhu mudumbu |
| Biktarvy | 50mg bictegravir + 200mg Viread + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva; hapana imwe antiretroviral agent inoda | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Complera | 25mg Edurant + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva; hapana imwe antiretroviral agent inoda | Yakanakisisa inotorwa nechingwa | |
| Genvoya | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg Tybost + 10mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva; hapana imwe antiretroviral agent inodaW | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Juluca | 50mg Tivicay + 25mg Edurant | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Odefsey | 25mg Edurant + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva; hapana imwe antiretroviral agent inoda | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Stri | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg Tybost + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Rimwe piritsi rinotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva; hapana imwe antiretroviral agent inoda | Kutorwa nechingwa | |
| Triumeq | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir + 50mg Tivicay | Rimwe bheti rimwechete kamwe nezuva; hapana imwe antiretroviral agent inoda | Kutorwa kana kuti pasina kudya | |
| Trizivir | 300mg Ziagen + 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Rimwe bhefa rinotorwa kaviri pazuva; inogona kurongedzwa yoga kana kubatanidzwa nemamwe ma antiretroviral agents | Yakanakisisa inotorwa nechingwa |
Kunobva:
> Dhipatimendi reUnited Health yeHurumende neHuman Services. "FDA-Yakagamuchirwa Mishonga yeHIV" AIDSInfo. Washington, DC; yakarongedzwa naFebruary 28, 2018.