Kushandisa, Kufungisisa, nekupikisa
Sustiva (efavirenz) chirwere chinorwisa antiretroviral chinoshandiswa pakurapa HIV mune vose vakuru nevana.
Sustiva inorondedzerwa senzira isiri nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) uyewo inhengo yeiyo yakagadziriswa inosanganiswa neAtripla (tenofovir + emtricitabine + efavirenz) inowanzoshandiswa seyamurairo wekutanga muAmerica.
Sustiva yakabvumidzwa kuti ishandiswe neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) musi waSeptember 21, 1998.
MuEurope nezvimwe zvikamu zvakawanda zvenyika, mushonga uyu unotengeswa pasi pezita rakasiyana rebhizimisi, Stocrin.
Kugadzirwa Kwezvinodhaka
Sustiva inowanikwa mune tablet ye 600mg. Girafu yakatsvuka, yakakomberedzwa ifirimu yakaputirwa uye yakadhindwa nhamba "SUSTIVA" kumativi ose maviri.
Sustiva inowanikwawo mu 200mg uye 50mg capsule fomu. Iko 200mg capsules ndeyendarama yakasvibirira, yakadhindwa ne "SUSTIVA" pamuviri we capsule uye "200 mg" mumusoro. Iyo 50mg capsules ine kadhi yegoridhe yakadhindwa ne "SUSTIVA" uye muviri wakachena wakadhindwa ne "t0 mg."
Sustiva haifaniri kushandiswa se monotherapy asi pane kusanganiswa nezvimwe zvakakodzera zvinodhaka zvinodhaka .
Dosages
Kune vanhu vakuru, tora imwe piritsi yema 600mg kamwe chete zuva rega rega, zvakanaka pamberi pokurara uye pane chisina chinhu chiri mudumbu. Kuwedzera:
- Kana ichitungamirirwa ne rifampin (inoshandiswa nguva dzose mukurapa tuberculosis coinfection), wedzerai kuyerwa kusvika 800mg kamwe chete zuva rega rega kune varwere vanorema 110 lbs (50kg).
- Kana ichitungamirirwa nevoriconazole ( antifungal inoshandiswa nguva dzose kuti iite zvirwere zvinosangana neHIV), kuwedzera voriconazole kuchengetedza chirwere kusvika 400mg kaviri zuva nezuva uye kuderedza Kusimudzira kusvika 300mg kamwe chete zuva nezuva.
Kune vana vane makore matatu uye vanopfuura 7.7 lbs (35kg), nyora sezvinotevera:
- 7.7 lbs (3.5kg) kusvika pasi 11 lbs (5kg): 100mg
- 11 lbs (5kg) kusvika pasi pe 16.5 lbs (7.5kg): 150mg
- 16.5 lbs (7.5kg) kusvika pasi pe 33 lbs (15kg): 200mg
- 33 lbs (15kg) kusvika pasi 44 lbs (20kg): 250mg
- 44 lbs (20kg) kusvika pasi 55 lbs (25kg): 300mg
- 55 lbs (25kg) kusvika pasi pe 71.6 lbs (32,5kg): 350mg
- 71.6 lbs (32.5kg) kusvika pasi pe 88lbs (40kg): 400mg
- 88 lbs (40kg) uye kupfuura: 600mg
Sustiva capsules inogona kumedzwa zvizere kana semafuta. Kusungirirwa mufomu yepeti, kune rumwe rutivi, hazvifaniri kumbopwanyika sezvo izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusakwanira dosing (kana kuti kukanganisa kudarika) muvana.
Nharaunda Dzakabatana
Maitiro akawandisa anowanzobatanidzwa naSustiva kushandisa (mu10% yemhosva kana pasi) ndei:
- Mapundu
- Nausea
- Chizutu
- Headache
- Kuneta
- Kunyunyuta
- Kudzora
- Kushungurudzika kukanganisa
- Kushungurudza mudumbu
- Zvisina kunaka, zviratidzo zvakajeka
- Diarrhea
- Kuora mwoyo
- Kutya / kuzvidya mwoyo
Zvizhinji zvezviratidzo izvi zvinowanzopfupika, zvinowanzogadzirisa pachavo mukati memavhiki akawanda kusvika pamwedzi. Mamwe mapurogiramu emagetsi anokonzera zvinokonzera (kutambudzika, kusagadzikana mujeri) kunogona kuderedzwa nokutora Sustiva nguva isati yarara.
Sustiva-Yakabatanidzwa neChris Rashes
Mune zvidzidzo zvekliniki dzinochengetedzwa, 26 muzana yevarwere vachangobva kutaridzirwa kuSusvava vakawana huwandu hwekukanda kweganda, kunyange zvazvo vazhinji vaiva vanyoro kusvika pakuenzanisa zvakasimba uye kazhinji vaionekwa mukati memavhiki maviri ekutanga ekutanga.
Kana iwe uchikurumidza kupera mushure mokutanga Sustiva, taura nachiremba wako kana mutapi wehutano. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoiti (zvisingasviki 1% zvezviitiko), kukanganisa kunogona kuva kwakaoma, kuchipa nefivhiri uye blisters, zvinoratidza kuve nekuvhiringidza muviri wose kunonzi Stevens-Johnson syndrome, izvo zvisingadi kungopera kurapwa kunze kwekurapa kwechiremba cherechedza.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvose, kupisa kunowanzozvigadzirisa pachako pasina kumira kurapwa.
Contraindications
Mushonga haufaniri kushandiswa nemamwe asiri nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: Edurant (rilpivirine), Intelence (etravirine), Rescriptor (delavirdine), kana Viramune (nevirapine).
Mwoyo murefu nehutachiona hwekare hunoshandiswa kuSustiva-kusanganisira Stevens-Johnson syndrome ( ona pamusoro ) kana kuti ganda rinopisa cheganda-harifaniri kudzorerwa zvakare nemushonga uyu kana kuti anorayirwa Atripla, chirongwa chinogadziriswa chinosanganiswa nemishonga chinosanganisira Sustiva.
Sustiva hainawo kukurudzirwa apo inotungamirirwa nehepatitis C (HCV) zvinodhaka Victrelis (boceprevir) uye Olysio (simeprevir) nekuda kwokurasikirwa kwekurapa kwemaviri aya eHVV antiviral.
Kurapa Kufungidzirwa
Sustiva yave ichibatanidzwa nehutachiona husina kunaka mumazviverengero emakadzi emhuka. Nepo kune huri kukakavara pamusoro pekuti Sustiva inokonzera chero njodzi chaiyo muvanhu, zvinokurudzirwa kuti Sustiva irege kudzivirirwa panguva yekudzivirira, kunyanya mumutambo wekutanga. Amai vanorayirwawo kuti vasayamwa panguva yekutora Sustiva.
Sources:
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "Kurapa Zvinodhaka Mishonga - Sustiva (efavirenz) 50mg, 100mg, 200mg capsules." Silver Spring, Maryland; yakabudiswa musi waSeptember 21, 1998.