Novel madhiragi anovhara HIV kuti apinde uye kuuraya masero
HIV inhibitor (inonziwo fusion inhibitors) ikirasi remishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa kurapa HIV . Iyo mikoko inoshandiswa yemishonga inokwanisa kukonesa HIV kuti irege kuwedzera nekuzvibatanidza ivo pachavo kune mamwe mapuroteni ari pamusoro penzvimbo. Idzi ndidzo mapuroteni ane hutachiwana hweHIV anoda "kuvhura" kuitira kuti apinde muchitokisi. Pasina nzira yekuita nayo, HIV haikwanise kudzokorora uye kugadzira makopi akawanda ega.
Vanhu vanorwisana nedzimwe makirasi eHIV zvinodhaka vanogona kubatsirwa kubva muvanopinda mavharemu sezvo vachigona kukunda kusagadzikana kweHIV kusagadzikana. Iyi ndiyo nhau dzakanyanya kunaka kune ani zvake ave achirapa kwemakore uye akazviwana ivo vane zvishoma uye zvishoma zvingaitwa kurapwa.
Parizvino, kune maviri eVIH inhibitor inobvumirwa neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Selzentry (maraviroc) uye Fuzeon (enfuvirtide).
Maraviroc uye CCR5 Receptor Antagonists
Mutauriri weCCR5 wokugamuchira mutero ndiyo inopinda muvhara inhibitor iyo inodzivirira HIV kuti isasungira puroteni paCD4 T-cell inonzi CCR5. ICCR5 receptor ndechimwe chezvinyorwa zvinotangira zveHIV, kunyanya muutachiona hwekutanga. Nokudzivirira chibatanidzo ichi, HIV haina kukwanisa kupinda mumusungwa uye kuvhara maitiro ayo.
Iyo inozivikanwawo sekuti inhibitor inopinda , mutauriri weCCR5 inopikisa yakasiyana nedzimwe makirasi emishonga inorwisa mahara nepamusoro pokuti haina kurwisa hutachiona zvakananga asi panzvimbo pacho inosungirirwa kumusoro memusasa wechirwere.
Inopesanawo nenzira iyo inogona kubatsira vamwe vanhu kwete vamwe. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuti HIV inogona kusiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kune inotevera. Dzimwe mhando dzeHIV dzichasunga kune munhu mukuru achishandisa CCR5 receptor; vamwe vachashandisa zvinonzi CXCR4 receptor kuti vapinde.
(Kazhinji kutaura, CCR5 inowanzoonekwa mune utachiona hwepakutanga apo CXCR4 iri kuonekwa mune gare gare-chirwere.)
Kuti uone izvi, vanachiremba vachashandisa genetic test inonzi trofile assay inotsigira kufungidzira (kutarisa) kwehutachiona hwako. Kana muedzo wacho wakanaka kune CCR5, hutachiona hunonzi "CCR5 tropic," zvichireva kuti ichava nechekare kune CCR5 inopesana nemishonga. Kusiyana neizvi, chirwere cheCXCR4-tropic hachizogadziriswi nemishonga.
Nepo huwandu hwevadzivisi veCCR5 hwakagadzirwa chete chete hwakasvika pamusika:
- Aplaviroc (nhamba yezita rokuti GSK-873140) yakagumiswa panguva yekuedzwa kwemakiriniki muna 2005 sechikonzero chekutyisa kwechiropa.
- Maraviroc (inowanikwa pasi pezita remazita rinonzi Selzentry muU.S. uye Celsentri kune imwe nyika) yakagamuchirwa muna March 2007 kuti ishandiswe mumurwere akanga aporerwa kare
- Vicriviroc (zita rechirongwa SCH 417690) rakasiyiwa nemuumbi wegore muna 2010 mushure mekunge rakundikana kuwana zvinangwa zvinoshanda zvakagadzirwa nemuti.
Iyo imwe yemvumo yakagamuchirwa, maraviroc, yakaratidzwa kuti iwane kukwana kwakakwana kwehutachiona mu 60 muzana yevanhu vane zvakasimba kudzivisa kune dzimwe mishonga yeHIV. Vanhu vari pamishonga inoda kuongororwa zvakadzama sezvo inogona kukonzera kusuruvara kwechiropa kune vamwe. Vamwe vanogona kukurumidza kugunzva ganda uye zvimwe zvinokonzera zvirwere.
Fuzeon uye Kubudirira kweFusion Inhibitors
Kusanganiswa ibasa muhupenyu hwe HIV hunoita kuti hutachiona hubatanidze kune imwe seni inopinda kupinda.
A fusion inhibitor inoshanda nekusungira puroteni ye gp41 pamusoro penzvimbo yechipinda chekuchengetedza uye kudzivirira kuti isakanganise neHIV. Pasina fusion iyi, kudzokorora kweHIV kunomiswa uye hutachiona huchadziviswa.
Parizvino, fusion inhibitors yakagadzirirwa kuendeswa nejojo panzvimbo pokushandisa mishonga yemuromo. Izvi, zvinosanganiswa nemari yakakura yekurapa (anenge madhora 25,000 / gore), yakagadzirisa kushandiswa kwechirwere kushandura kurapa (apo mamwe maitiro ose ekurapa apera).
Nhamba yefusion inhibitor yakagadzirwa yakagadzirwa, kunyange zvazvo imwe chete yakasvika chaizvo pamusika:
- Enfurvitide (iripo pasi pezita rainzi Fuzeon) yakagamuchirwa neDFA muna 2003 kuti ishandiswe mune varwere vane ruzivo rwechiremba.
- T-1249 yakagadziriswa nemuiti wega nekuda kwechikamu chekushaiwa kupindura ku Fuzeon.
- TRI-1144 uye TRI-199 vari vaviri vari mukurudzirwa kubvira muna 2003 uye vasati vapinda maitiro makuru emakiriniki.
Iyo yakagamuchirwa fusion inhibitor, enfurvitide, inoda kaviri-kuiswa zuva nezuva. Migumisiro inogona kusanganisira kusuruvara, kurwadziwa kwepfungwa, kuora mwoyo, kukwezva, kurira kwekunzwa kweganda, kuperevedza kufema, kuora kurasikirwa, uye kuoma kweganda panzvimbo yejojo.
Sources:
Biswas, P .; Tambussi, G .; uye Lazzarin, A. "Kupindira kwakarambwa? Mamiriro e-co-receptor inhibition ekudzivirira HIV kupinda." Expert Opinion in Pharmacotherapy. 2008; 8 (7): 923-933.
Zvokudya uye Drug Administration (FDA). "FDA Inobvumira Novel Antiretroviral Drug." Silver Spring, Maryland; August 6, 2007.
FDA. "Kurapa Zvinodhaka Mishonga: Fuzeon (enfuvirtide) yejojo." March 13, 2003.