Kusanganiswa Kwakaitwa Kusanganiswa Kwakaita Sei Simba risina simba?
Ikoko kunogona kuva pasina mubvunzo kuti mishonga inoshandiswa kubata chirwere cheHIV yakawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore makumi maviri adarika. Zvimwe zvingave zvisingazivi kuti mishonga inorwisa antiretroviral yakagadziriswa sei kubva muna 1996 apo chirwere chekutanga chemishonga chetatu chakashandura nzira chaiyo yehosha.
Nhoroondo Pfupi yeAntiretroviral Therapy
Kusati kwa1996, chiyero cheupenyu hwemakore makumi maviri nemakore anobva atapukirwa neHIV aiva makore gumi nemashanu.
Kunyange zvazvo mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yenguva yakakwanisa kuderedza chirwere chacho, kusagadzikana kwezvinodhaka kwakakurumidza uye vanhu vaiwanzozviwana vaine vashomanana, mune chero, maitiro ekurapa mushure memakore mashomanene.
Panguva imwecheteyo, pill yemutoro wezuva nezuva inogona kushamisa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, munhu aizotarisana nemapiritsi makumi matatu kana kupfuura pazuva, kazhinji anotorwa kuzotenderera awa paawa dzinenge ina kusvika matanhatu.
Zvadaro, muna 1995, boka idzva rezvinodhaka rinonzi protease inhibitors rakaiswa. Pasinei negore gare gare, zvidzidzo zvitatu zvakasiyana zvakasimbisa kuti kushandiswa kwetatu-drug therapy kunogona kudzora zvachose utachiona uye kumisa chirwere ichi kubva pakufambira mberi .
Mukati memakore maviri maduku, kuiswa kwehutano hwakakonzera kwakaguma nekudengenyeka kwemazana makumi matanhatu ematambudziko ekufa nehutachiona hweHIV. Izvi zvakaratidzwa mune izvo zvingazozivikanwa sezera reHART (kunyanya kushandiswa kwetachirwere chetachiona chetachiona).
Kufambira Mberi Mukurapa
Kunyange zvazvo isina kunze kwezvinetso zvaro, chirwere chemazuva ano chinopesana nehutachiona chakasvika kune uko zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zviri mumvuri wezvavaimbova.
Kurwiswa kwezvinodhaka kazhinji kunonoka kukudziridza apo kuwedza kunoda kunge pasina piritsi imwe pazuva.
Chinonyanya kukosha, nekurapa kwakakodzera, munhu anobva atapukirwa neHIV anogona kutarisira kufara mberi kwemazuva ose . Maererano neNorth American AIDS Cohort Kubatana Mukutsvakurudza nekugadzirisa, murume ane makore makumi maviri nemakumi manomwe ane utachiona nhasi anogona kupona zvakanaka kusvika mumakore makumi manomwe nemana.
Mashandisirwo anonzi Antiretrovirals
Antiretroviral zvinodhaka hazvibatsiri nekuuraya chirwere ichi. Panzvimbo pezvo, vanoronga uye vanovhara zvikamu zvakasiyana zvehutachiona ' hupenyu hwehupenyu . Nokuita kudaro, hutachiona hahukwanisi kudzokorora uye kuita ma kopi ega. Kana kurapwa kuchiramba kuchidzivirirwa, hutachiona hwevanhu huchasvika pane imwe nzvimbo iyo inonzi isingaonekwi .
Nemhaka yokuti utachiona hahuna kuurawa, hunogonazve kubuda (rebound) kana kurapwa kwakangoerekana kwamira. Izvozvo zvinogona kuitika kana mishonga yacho isingaiti sezvinorayirwa. Nokufamba kwenguva, kukanganiswa kwemaitiro kunogona kukonzera kukura kwekusagadzikana kwezvinodhaka uye pakupedzisira kurapa kukanganisa .
Makirasi eAntiretroviral Zvinodhaka
Kusanganiswa kwe HIV HIV inoshanda kuburikidza nekuvhara zvikamu zvezvikamu zvehupenyu hweHIV kamwechete. Iko kune zvikamu zvishanu zvemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, imwe neimwe yakarongedzwa nechetatu rehupenyu hunoita kuti:
- Entry inhibitors
- Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- Kwete-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- Integrase inhibitors
- Protease inhibitors
Zvose zvinotaurirwa, pane makumi matatu nemaviri zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodhaka zvekare zvinotenderwa neU.S. Food and Drug Administration, kusanganisira 12 yakagadziriswa inosanganiswa nemishonga (FDC) ine mishonga miviri kana kupfuura.
Zvitsva, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvakanyanya zvirikudziridzwa zvinogona kuderedza zvinodhaka-zvinodhaka kusvika pamishonga mbiri.
Zvimwe maitiro angakurumidza kubvumira kuisira kamwe-mwedzi uye kamwe chete-kamwe chete kwemapiritsi panzvimbo pemapiritsi ezuva nezuva.
Nei Chirwere Chinobatana Chinoshanda
Kana ikashandiswa pamwe chete, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvinoshanda sechikwata chemagetsi chinokonzerwa nekugadzirisa zvirwere chinokwanisa kupedza zvakasimba huwandu hwemararamiro anokonzerwa nehutachiona hunokwanisa kuvapo mukati mehutachiona hweHIV. Kana chiremba A isingagoni kudzvinyirira chimwe chekuchinja, ipapo chirwere B uye C vanogona kuita zvounyengeri.
Chirwere chekuchengetedza chirwere chinopa vanachiremba zvishandiso zvinoda kuziva kusagadzikana kushanduka musati watanga kurapwa, Nokuita kudaro, chiremba anogona kugadzirisa kurapwa nokukwanisa kushandisa mishonga inogona kukanganisa kuchinja uku.
Nokuchengetedza hutachiwana huwandu hwekudzivirirwa zvakakwana, hazvisi izvo chete zvinodhaka zvinoshanda kwenguva yakareba, zvinowanzova zvishoma nezvigumisiro.
Antiretrovirals inogonawo kushandiswa kuderedza ngozi yekutapurirwa kweHIV kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana , kudzivirira utachiona mushure mekunge kuonekwa pachena , kana kubatsira munhu asina HIV kuti arege kuvhara .
> Sources:
> Hogg, R .; Samji, H .; Cescon, A., et al. "Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Eupenyu Muupenyu Tarisiro yeHIV + Vanhu Vose: North America." 19th Conference pamusoro peRevroviruses uye Opportunistic Infections (CROI). March 7, 2013; Seattle; muromo wehurukuro 137.
> Kitahata, M .; Gange, S .; Abhurahama, A., uye al. "Migumisiro yepakutanga kuenzaniswa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hweHIV mukurarama." New England Journal of Medicine. April 30, 2009; 360 (18): 1815-1826.
> Sax, P .; Meyers, J .; Mugavero, M., et al. "Kuenderana neAntiretroviral Treatment uye Correlation neKuisa Njodzi Yezvipatara pakati pevatengesi veHIV vanochengeterwa HIV muUnited States." Tenth International Congress pamusoro peDrug Therapy muHIV Infection. November 8, 2010; Glasgow; mharidzo yehurukuro 0113.
> Dhipatimendi reUnited Health of Health and Human Services (DHHS). "Mirayiridzo yeKushandiswa kweAntiretroviral Agent s muHIV-1-Vakabatwa Vakuru uye Vechidiki." Rockville, Maryland; yakagadziriswa July 14, 2016.