Pasinei nokufambira mberi mune sayenzi yezvokurapa uye kunzwisisa kwedu kweHIV, hutachiona hunokonzera AIDS, muU.S. kazhinji ndiyo inofanirwa kuti shanduko yeHIV neHIV haina kuenderana. Nyika dzakawanda dzakagadza mitemo, dzimwe dzingaguma mukutongerwa mujeri kwemakore makumi maviri, kana kutapurirwa kweHIV kwakaitika kana kwete.
Maererano neU.S. Centers for Disease Control uye Prevention (CDC), mitemo inoyera 67 mumasangano makumi maviri nemaviri yakatarira kune vanhu vane HIV neya 2011.
Mune makumi maviri nemasere anoti, munhu ane hutachiwana hweHIV aifanira kuzarura chimiro chavo kune avo vanoita zvepabonde. Mune gumi nhatu dzinoda kubudiswa pachena nezvehutachiona hweHIV kune vashandisi-kugovana navo, uye nyika 25 dzichiri kupomera mitezo dzakasiyana-siyana dzisingatauri nengozi yekuendesa HIV.
Mitemo yakawanda yeHIV inowanikwa panzvimbo ino yakagadzwa nevakuru vezvematongerwo enyika avo vasingangobatanidzi nesayenzi-yekufambira mberi, vasinganzwisisi-kana kuramba vasingagamuchiri kugamuchira-ndiyo nzira yepamusoro yekutumira kana dambudziko . Mune dzimwe nyika, mitemo inoratidza kushingaira kunopesana nevakadzi (kukanganisa hufeve, asi kwete mutengi), kurwisa varume (kurondedzera kujekesa sehupo hwemhara), kana kupikisana nejeri vanhu (kusungira zviito izvo vanhu vose havazomborangarirwi ).
Kunyange mumitauro yakafanana neTexas, iyo isina mitemo yemhosva yeHIV, pane mitemo yakaiswa kune avo vane HIV vakaonekwa senhumbi.
Muna 2008, munhu ane hutachiona hweHIV, asina musha akatongerwa kupfira muziso remupurisa, chiito chaakapiwa mutongo wejeri wemakore 35-sechikonzero cheTexas 'mutemo wechivi chemhosva, pamwe nemakore gumi kurwiswa kwakaipisisa ne "chakaipa" zvombo.
Nzira dzezvemukondombera dzeHIV neHurumende
(Ndapota cherechedza kuti nhungamiro inotevera inofanirwa kupa mhedziso pfupi yemitemo yakanangana neHIV yehurumende imwe neimwe, uye haifaniri kushandiswa sekutaura kwepamutemo.
Nyaya idzi hadzisi mitemo kana mitemo ine chokuita nekupararira kwechirwere chinotarisana , icho mune dzimwe nyika chinogonawo kurangwa nemhosva yakanaka uye / kana mutongo wejeri. Mamwe mabhuku anonyatsorongedzwa ehurumende yeHIV Maws anowanika paIndaneti kubva kuCDC.)
| State | Inofungidzirwa mhosva kune vanhu vanozivikanwa neHIV | Misdemeanor | Felony |
| Alabama | Inonyatsoita muzviito zvinogona kuzarura mumwe munhu kune HIV. | Chikoro C | - |
| Alaska | Inobudisa munhu kune njodzi kana kutya kweHIV munguva yekupara kwemhosva. | - | Ungabvumira kutongerwa kuwedzera mune chiitiko chekutendwa kwechikonzero |
| Arkansas | Zvichida zvinotsanangurira mumwe munhu kuHIV kuburikidza neropa kana kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde kana kuti pasina mbongoro. | - | Chikoro A |
| Anokundikana kuzivisa hwake hwehutachiona hweHIV kune chiremba kana mazino . | Chikoro A | - | |
| California | Anoziva zvinopa muviri wemvura, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu. | - | Anopomerwa nemutongo wechipiri, wechina, kana wemakore matanhatu |
| Zvinokundikana kuzivisa hutachiona hweHIV, nechinangwa chekuuraya mumwe munhu kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde zvisina kudzivirirwa . | - | Anopomerwa nemutongo wechitatu, wechishanu, kana wemakore masere | |
| Inobata hupombwe mushure memhosva yepabonde. | - | Ehe | |
| Colorado | Zvinosanganisira kuita zveupfambi kana kutora hupfeve, ne ruzivo rwakakwana rwehutachiwana hwavo hweHIV. | - | Chikoro 5/6 |
| Florida | Anobatanidza kuita zvepabonde pasina kutanga kuratidza hutachiona hweHIV uye kugamuchira kubvumirwa kwaanoziva. | 3rd degree | |
| Anoziva neropa, nhengo, kana mhuka dzenyama. | - | 3rd degree | |
| Jojiya | Anobatanidzwa mune zvepabonde pasina kutanga kuwana chibvumirano chakanaka; share share needles ; inobata hupombwe; kana kupa mitezo yemuviri, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu. | - | Anopomerwa nemakore anopfuura gumi |
| Anoita kurwisa kumapurisa kana kugadzirisa mukuru wehurongwa nechinangwa chekuendesa HIV kuburikidza neropa, salivha, kana chero humwe hutachiona hwemuviri. | - | Ehe | |
| Idaho | Inonyatsopa mitezo yemuviri, nhengo kana mhuka dzevanhu . | - | Ehe |
| Illinois | Zvichida zvinoratidza mumwe munhu kuti ave neHIV kuburikidza nehukama hwepedyo; inopa mvura yemuviri, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu; kana kuti inobatanidzwa mune zvisina kuora mumashandisi ekushandisa zvinodhaka. | - | Chikoro 2 |
| Indiana | Unopa ruzivo ropa rakakonzerwa nehutachiwana. | - | Chikoro C chekuita kukanganisa uye Chikamu A kana kutenderera kuchiitika |
| Anopa bhatiri kumapurisa, mukurukuri wegadzirisheni, kana chero munhu upi zvake ane muviri wemvura kana tsvina yemuviri. | - | Chikoro D chekuita mhosva; Kirasi C kana munhu wacho asingazivi kuti mutumbi wemvura kana kuparadza kwaive nehutachiona hweHIV; uye Chikoro A kana kutenderera kunoitika | |
| Iowa | Zvichida zvinoratidza mumwe munhu kuti ave neHIV kuburikidza nepabonde; chipo chemvura, nhengo kana mhuka dzevanhu; kana kuti kubatanidzwa mukugoverwa kwezvinodhaka zvekushandisa zvinodhaka. | - | Chikoro B |
| Kansas | Nenzira inofunga kuuraya mumwe munhu kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde, kugoverana kwetsono, kana kupa mitezo yemuviri, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu. | Chikoro A | - |
| Kentucky | Inobata hupombwe, inobata hupfambi, kana kuedza kugovera nhengo kana mhuka dzevanhu (asi kwete ropa) | - | Chikoro D |
| Louisiana | Zvichida zvinotsanangurira munhu kuti ave neHIV kuburikidza nepabonde asati atanga kuwana chibvumirano chakanaka, kana kugadza kukuvadza ne "kupfira, kunyorera, kupwanya nechinhu chakasvibiswa neAIDS, kana kukanda ropa kana zvimwe zvinhu zvemuviri" pane mumwe munhu. | - | Kurangwa nechikwereti chekusadarika $ 5,000, kana musungwa kusvika makore gumi. Kana munhu akakurudzirwa ari mutongi wekuchengetedza mutemo, chirango chinogona kuwedzerwa. |
| Maryland | Nenzira inobatsira kana kuedza kuuraya mumwe munhu. | Anopomerwa nemutongo wekusapfuura makore matatu kana mubayiro we $ 2,500, kana maviri | |
| Michigan | Inobatanidza mune zvepabonde zvinopindira (kusanganisira muromo wepabonde) pasina kutanga kuwana chibvumirano chakanaka. | - | Ehe |
| Mississippi | Inonyatsobudisa mumwe munhu kana Inoratidza chirongwa chekugadzirisa, mutenzi kune imwe nzvimbo yekugadzirisa, kana mumwe musungwa | - | Felony |
| Missouri | Anoziva neropa, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu; kana kujekesa mumwe weHIV kuburikidza nepabonde pasina kutanga kuwana chibvumirano chakanaka. | - | Chikoro B felony uye Chikamu A kana kutapurirwa kwakaitika |
| Montana | Inonyatsobudisa mumwe munhu kuti ave neHIV kuburikidza nepabonde. | Ehe | - |
| Nevada | Inonyatsobatanidzwa mune mufambiro inotarisirwa kana kuti inogona kutapurira HIV, kana kuita upfambi mushure mokunge maongorora HIV. | - | Chikoro B |
| New Jersey | Anoita zvekuita zvepabonde pasina kubvumirwa kwekutanga. | - | 3rd degree |
| New York | Anobatanidzwa mune zvepabonde nemumwe munhu. | Ehe | - |
| North Carolina | Achida kuchinja mvura yemvura kune mumwe munhu. | - | Chikoro Chepabonde hwepabonde |
| Ohio | Nekuziva anoendesa ropa kune mumwe munhu nokuda kwekuwedzerwa ropa. | - | 4th degree |
| Oklahoma | Inobata hupombwe kana kuti inonyatsobatanidzwa mukufambisa apo mvura yemvura inogona kuendeswa kune mumwe munhu. | - | Anopomerwa nemutongo wekuti isapfuura makore mashanu |
| Inobudisa mumwe munhu (kusanganisira wawakaroorana naye) kune HIV. | - | Ehe | |
| Pennsylvania | Zvinokonzera mumwe musungwa mune imwe nzvimbo yekururamisa kuti asangane nemvura yako yomuviri | - | Chikoro chechipiri (kana kuti kuuraya kwechipiri chechigumbuso chakaipa chiri pamusara wefa kana atotongerwa kutongerwa upenyu mujeri) |
| Inobata hupombwe, inotora hupfambi, kana kukurudzira hufeve ane HIV. | - | 3rd degree | |
| South Carolina | Anonyatsoita zvepabonde nemumwe munhu asina kutanga agamuchira chibvumirano chakanaka; inobata hupombwe; kumanikidzira mudzimai wemutemo kuti aite zvepabonde; share share needles; kana kupa mvura yemuviri, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu. | - | Anopomerwa nemutongo wemakore asingapfuuri gumi kana mubhadharo weusingaiti kudarika $ 5,000 (kunyange chibvumirano chakanaka chingaonekwa sekuregererwa) |
| South Dakota | Anobatanidza zvepabonde; inopa mvura yemuviri, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu; inobatanidzwa mune zvisiri zvisina kuchena mukati mekushandisa zvinodhaka; kana kuti nechinangwa achiita kuti mumwe asangane neropa kana mbeu. | - | Chikoro 3 |
| Tennessee | Inonyatsoita "kushamwaridzana" nomumwe munhu; inobatanidzwa mune zvisiri zvisina kuchena mukati mekushandisa zvinodhaka; kana kupa mvura yemuviri, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu. | - | Chikoro C |
| Utah | Anobatanidzwa muupfambi kana kuti anotora hupfambi. | - | 3rd degree |
| Virginia | Anobata nemaune zvepabonde (kusanganisira muromo wepabonde) nechinangwa chekuuraya mumwe munhu kana kupa mitezo yemuviri, nhengo, kana mhuka dzevanhu | - | Chikoro 6 |
| Inobatanidza zvepabonde (kusanganisira muromo wepabonde) pasina kutanga kuratidza hutachiona hwavo hweHIV . | Chikoro 1 | 3rd degree | |
| Washington | Chinangwa chokukuvadza mumuviri nekuisa pachena kana kutumira HIV kune mumwe munhu | - | Chikoro A kurwisa |
> Sources:
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Taura mazano eHIV." Atlanta, Georgia; yakagadziriswa July 15, 2013.
> Inzvimbo yeHIV Mutemo uye Mutemo, State uye Federal Federal Law and Procedure Updated May 2015