Pasinei neMutemo Kubvumira kuchinja kweHIV-Positive Transplants, Kubudirira Kunobvunzwa
Musi waNovember 12, 2013, Mutungamiri Barack Obama akapinda mutemo weHIV Organic Policy Equity Act (Hope Hope) iyo inobvumira kupiwa kweHIV- nhengo dzisingatauriki kune (a) anogamuchira HIV kana (b) mumwe munhu anobatanidzwa mune tsvakurudzo yezvechipatara inobvumira kushandiswa kwenhengo dzine utachiwana hweHIV pasi pemitemo nemirairo yeTariro Act.
Hope Hope yakagadziridza Organ Transplant Amendments Act ye 1988, iyo yakadzivirira zvipo zvakadaro nekuda kwekutsvaga pamusoro pekuendeswa kwezvinodhaka , kushanda kwechimiro, kusagadzikana kwepamusoro , nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutadzisa kubatsirwa kwekupihwa kwakadaro. Mutemo mutsva unouya panguva iyo kudiwa kwechirongwa chechirongwa pasina kumbove kwakakura, zvikurukuru nekuwedzera kwemitima, chiropa, zvinetso uye zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera kukwegura kweHIV .
Mutemo unobvumawo kubudirira kwekubatanidza antiretroviral therapy (ART) mukugadzirisa kuderedza kushandiswa kweHIV mune zvose zviripo mupi uye mupiki, kugadzirisa zvinetso zvakambobatanidzwa nekugadziriswa.
Mutemo uyu, wakakurudzirwa neSenator Barbara Boxer weCalifornia, wakaonekwawo senzira yekugadzirisa kusununguka kwevanhu vasina HIV vane hutachiwana hwehutachiona hwehutachiwana pamusana wekugadzira mutsara. Chiyero chakatungamirira kune chiziviso munaFebruary 2016 kuti John Hopkins School of Medicine yaizova musangano wekutanga kutanga nhengo dzechirwere kubva kune munhu ane HIV kune imwe.
Chikonzero nei Hope Hope Ichikosha
Kunze kuderedza mapiritsi emamiriyoni ekurindira uye kugadzirisa kudiwa kwakanyanya kwezvipo zvemuviri mukati mevanhu vanotapukirwa neHIV, Hope Hope inowanikwa nevakawanda sechinhu chekutanga chekuparadzanisa kurapwa kwemazuva mazhinji kwevanhu vanorarama neAIDS. Inotaura zvakajeka kuti, munguva ino yemagetsi ezuva ranhasi, kutya kwekudzokorora kunongopedzisira kuchienzanisa nehuwandu hwekufa hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hunopindirana neHIV.
Pamberi peTariro Act, zvakanga zvisiri pamutemo kunyange kuongorora kuve nekugadzirwa kwechirwere cheAIDS pasi pemakore akawanda ekutsvakurudza kwekliniki-kuratidzira svesiti yakaipa uye kutya kwakashata kwakakonzera mitemo yakawanda yaifungidzirwa "kudzivirira" vanhu vose (kusanganisira -kure uye vazhinji-vakatsoropodza gay ropa rakarambidzwa muU.S.)
Sezvo neropa rekushandisa, sangano rinoputika muU.S. rinotungamirirwa zvikuru. Ikozvino, chi-high-senitivity HIV kuongororwa kunovimbisa kuti hapana munhu ane HIV asina kugona nhengo kubva kune munhu ane HIV. Ikozvino, zvipo zvose uye zvigunwe zvinongororwa zvakaongororwa neHIV, hepatitis B (HBV) uye hepatitis C (HCV) maererano nesangano reUnited States Public Health Service (PHS) ra1994 rekudzivirira Kutengesa kweHuman Immunodeficiency Virus kuburikidza neTransplantation.
Viability of the Hope Act Yakabvunzwa
MunaSeptember 2014, vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuYunivhesiti yePennsylvania vakaita svondo rekutanga mune zvakakosha zveTariro Act, vachiona kudiwa kwevanhu 578 vakafa, vane varwere vane hutachiona hweHIV sevanokwanisa kupa zvipo.
Chidzidzo chacho, chakagadzirirwa kuva chimiro chechimiro chemuviri chinogona kuitika munzvimbo yePhiladelphia, chaive nevarwere vane makore anorema 53, 68% avo vaiva varume uye 73% avo vaiva Africa-America.
NeCD4 yemuviri ye 319 uye zvisingaoneki zvehutachiona hutachiona , boka racho raifungidzirwa sevabatsiri vanogona, neine zvirwere zvishomanana zvisinganzwisisiki (4); zvishomanana zvinyorwa zvisingashandisi zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nemishonga (2); uye vashoma, gare gare-shato protease inhibitor mishonga yemishonga panguva yekufa (6).
Chidzidzo chacho, chakataurwa pa 54th Interscience Conference pamusoro peAntimicrobial Agents uye Chemotherapy (ICAAC) muWashington, DC, yakagumisa kuti boka racho ringangodaro rakabereka mafungiro manomwe uye mapfumbamwe mapfumbamwe kubva muna 2009 kusvika muna 2014, uye vazhinji vari kunze kwechimiro chekugadzirisa muviri . Izvi zvaisanganisira:
- 260 akasarudzwa nekuda kwekusava muchipatara nenguva yekufa kwavo.
- 87 isina kushandiswa kwekusava nehupfungwa hwehupfungwa rufu.
- 75 isina kushandiswa kuti ave nechikonzero chisingazivikanwi chekufa.
- 70 vakasarudzwa nekuda kwekusava nekutarisira kurapwa panguva yekufa kwavo.
- 63 isina kubhadharwa nekuda kwekusava nemichina yemhepo.
- 13 isina kubatwa nechirwere cheshuga, hypertension, HCV, cirrhosis, kana chirwere chepfungwa chinopera.
- 3 isingabatanidzi kuti ive nechirwere.
Uyezve, kombiyuta yekuenzanisira yakagadzirisa 50% kubudirira kwehutano muhono mafuro zvichienderana nehutano hwezvikamu mukati memvura yakasarudzirwa inopa. Kusiyana neizvi, makore matatu eropa chekuchengetedzeka kwemafuro ehupfumi aiva akawanda-kana-pasi maererano neavo vanhu vazhinji (71% ne 74%, maererano).
Kuwedzera kutsvakurudza kuchasarudza kana zviratidzo zvakafanana zvinowanikwa mune dzimwe hutachiona hweHIV, umo kusvikirwa kune nhengo dzeHIV zvinogona kunge zvisingaiti kuti zviwanike nhamba inokwanisa yevanopa mari yakakwirira.
Sources:
United States Congress. "S.330 - HIV Organ Policy Equity Act113th Congress (2013-2014)." Washington, DC; November 21, 2013.
New York Times. "John Hopkins Kuti Aite Chiito chekutanga cheHIV Chine Utano Hwakanaka muUnited States" Yakabudiswa February 10, 2016.
US Public Health Service (PHS). "Nhungamiro yeUnited States yeWorld Health Service (PHS) Yokudzivirira Kutengesa kweHuman Immunodeficiency Virus kuburikidza neTransplantation." Public Health Report. July-August 2013; Bhuku 128.
Richterman, A .; Lee, D .; Reese, P .; et al. "Kukwana kwe HIV inopinda