Chiyero chezvirwere zvepabonde (STDs) muUnited States pakuwedzera. Kubva muna 2013 kusvika muna 2014 chete, nhamba dzechirwere dzakakwira kubva pa 56 482 kusvika ku 63450, apo gonorrheal zvirwere zvakaramba zvichiwedzera gore negore kubvira muna 2009.
Kunyanya zvinotyisa zvichida, nhamba yemhosva dzechlamydia yakapetwa kaviri mumakore gumi chete, ichibva pa929 462 muna 2004 kusvika 1 441 789 gore ra2014.
Kunyange zvazvo zvichinyatsozivikanwa kuti zvirwere zvinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya ngozi yehutachiona hweHIV, vanhu vakawanda havanzwisisi zvizere nei ichi ichi kana nzira iyo maSDD anogona kuita nyore nyore kutapukirwa-kunyange mune zvimwe zvinhu zvisingabatsiri zvakadai sekuita zvepabonde . Ichokwadi chokuti dzakawanda zvezvirwere izvi hazvizivikanwi chete zvinowedzera kukanganisa kwekutapukirwa.
Kunyange zvazvo zviri pachena kuti zvirwere zvekuonda zvakadai sechiphilis-iyo inogona kuratidza nemaronda akazaruka pamadzimai evanhukadzi-inopa nzira iri nyore yekuwanika kwehutachiona, zvinenge 20% yezviitiko hazvina maronda. Uyezve, zvipembenene zve syphilitic mu rectum kana chibereki zvinowanzorasikirwa zvachose kana zvisingazivikanwi, zvichigadzira hwindo rekuwedzera kwekunetseka kwehuwandu hwehutachiona hwekutanga (anenge mavhiki matatu kusvika matanhatu).
Asi izvi zvinoreva here kuti zvirwere zvinouraya sezvinonzi "syphilis" ndeimwe "yakaipisisa" kupfuura mamwe maDDS kana ine chokuita neHIV? Ngationei zvikonzero zvitatu nei izvi zvisingaiti.
Dambudziko reHIV rinoshandiswa "Rinotora" Masekeri eHIV kuti Asvike
Pose apo pathogen (kureva, chiremara chinokonzera zvirwere) chinopinda mumuviri, maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri achabva atomisa, zvichiita kuti zvive zvepanyama, zvinopesana nemhinduro. Kuvhiringidzika kunowanzoitika nokuti simba rekudzivirira chitunha rinogadzirirwa muzvikwata zvepamusoro, zvichiita kuti majekiseni ezvirwere zvemajena edzivirire uye auraye pathogen.
Mune hutachiwana hwemunharaunda, zvakadai seSDD, masero ekudzivirira akadai seCD4 neCD8 T-seli anoshandiswa kumiganhu yapamberi. CD4 T-seli ndiwo masero "anobatsira" ayo anonyanya kutungamirira "muurayi" CD8 T-seli kuti asayanise pathogen.
Icho chinonyanya kukosha ndeyekuti masero chaiwo aireva kuratidzira kurwisa-CD4 masero-ndiwo anosarudzwa ne HIV nehutachiona. Nokudaro, iyo yakawanda yakanyanya kuurayiwa kwepathogenic, zvinowanzoshandiswa masero zvinotorwa uye zvinowanzoita kuti HIV inokwanisa kupinda mukati memutumbi wemasimba ekudzivirira zvirwere.
Ndokusaka kunyange bhakitiriya iri pasi pepamberi yepenisheni inogona kuwedzera mikana yekutengesa HIV kubvira apo kuwedzerwa kwebhakitiriya kunogona kuita kuti zvirwere zvemuviri zvive nyore.
Saka kunyange kana chirwere cheSDD chisingaoneki chinokanganisa maviri emakemikari, rectum kana kuti huro, hutachiona hwemajeri ezvirwere panzvimbo yehutachiona hunoita kuti HIV ive nomukana mukuru wokubudirira, kunyanya kana utachiona hwasara husingateereri.
Dambudziko reSDD rinowedzera kuiswa kweHIV muGenital Fluids
Nenzira imwechete iyo dambudziko reDDD rinogona kuwedzera kukanganisa kwevanhu kune HIV, dambudziko reHIV rinogonawo kuwedzera mukana wehupenyu hwekuparadzira utachiona kune vamwe. Kuvhiringidza, zvakare, iyo inonyanya kukonzera, umo masero ezvirwere zvemusununguko anotorwa zvakanyanya kune nzvimbo yehutachiona hwepakati.
Apo izvi zvinenge zvichiitika, chirongwa chinonzi "HIV kukasasa" chinogona kuitika. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa sekuti kujekeswa kwechimbichimbi chekushaya HIV, izvo zvinosvikira izvi zvange zvichizorora munzvimbo dzakavanzika dzemagetsi . Somugumisiro wekudururwa uku, HIV inenge ichangobva kushandiswa inogona kuwedzera uye inopindira mumadzimai emvura uye mbeu, ichiwedzera mumawanda kupfuura izvo zvaizoitika pasina STD.
Maererano nekuongorora kwakaitwa muna 2008 kubva kuYunivhesiti yeKapa Town yeSchool Health and Family Medicine, HIV inopararira muhutano hwepabonde inoda kusvika kaviri semugumisiro wegonorrheal kana chlamydial utachiona.
Zvakaipisisa, zvinogona kuita kudaro kana munhu ari kurapwa neHIV kana kwete.
Kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti, pamberi pehutachiona hwepabonde, munhu ane utachiona hweHIV anogona kuve nehutachiwana hunoonekwa mukati mehutano hwepabonde kunyange kana utachiona hwehutachiwana hwacho hwakanyatsopedzwa.
Dzimwe zvirwere zvinogona kuita kuti HIV iite "
Imwe yezvinangwa zvekutanga zve antiretroviral therapy (ART) ndeyokudzivirira zvachose HIV kuti irege kuonekwa. Mukuita kudaro, munhu ane HIV haana kunyanya kuuraya vamwe. Mukati, kutsvakurudza kwakawanda kunoratidzika kuratidza kuti munhu ane HIV ane chikamu chinopfuura 90% zvishoma kudarika munhu akazvipira, asina hutachiona hweHIV kana akazara ART.
Zvisinei, kudai munhu uyu aizowana huwandu hwehutachiona (kureva, kudzoka kwechiito chekuita kweHIV), njodzi yekuendesa inogona kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Maererano nevatsvakurudzi vane ANRS yeFrance (National Agency for AIDS uye Hepatitis Research), vanhu vane HIV vane inenge inenge 200% yakawanda inowanikwa yehutachiona hwepabonde kana vakapinda nehutachiwana hwechirwere. Pavhareji, hutachiona hwepachirwere hwekutanga hunoita hutano huwandu huwandu hwehutachiona huwandu hwevarwere vane HIV. Izvi zvinosanganisira varume mukuenderera mberi, kunyatsoderedza ART, uye inoitika pasinei nezera, maitiro epabonde, kana hutachiona hwehutachiona (sekuenzaniswa neCD4 count ).
Izvi zvinosimbisa kudiwa kukuru kwechirwere chekuchengetedzwa munzvimbo dzakanyanya kutyisa, kunyanya varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) vanoverengera 83% mazamu echirwere mumarume uye 30% evanhu vese vane hutachiona hweHIV muSouth
Kunyange zvazvo ipo isingaoneki sangano iri pakati pezvimwe zveSDD uye pangozi yehutachiona rebound, njodzi inopfuurira yekuenderera mberi inoramba yakakwirira kune vanhu vasina kutarirwa neHIV.
Sources:
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Zvirwere zvepabonde - Zvirwere zvakataurwa uye maHurumende eZviitiko zvakaparidzirwa ne100,000 Population, United States, 1941-2014." Atlanta, Georgia; peji rakagadzirirwa November 17, 2015.
Johnson, L. naLee, D. "Migumisiro yezvipembenene zvemuviri zvepabonde nezveHIV-1 inopararira muhutano hwebonde: kurongeka kwakarongeka uye meta-analysis." Zvirwere zvepabonde . November 2008; 35 (11): 946-959.
Chun, H ;; Muvezi, R .; Macalino, G .; et al. "Basa rezvirwere zvepabonde muHIV-1 Kuwedzera: Kuongorora Kwakakwana kweMabhuku." Nhau dzezvirwere zvepabonde. May 28, 2012; Vol 2013; nhamba ID 176459: 1-15.
Jarzebowski, W .; Caumes, E .; Dupin, N .; et al. "Migumisiro yehutachiona hwepakutanga kwechirwere chemalasma uye CD4 cell count muhutachiona hwevanhu vane hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona: zvinokonzerwa neHDDH-ANRS CO4 boka." Archives of Internal Medicine. Svondo 10, 2012; 172 (16): 1237-1243. .