Kunzwisisa HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)
Kana iwe uchida kuti iwe wakangobatwa nechirwere cheHIV, zvichida kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakanyanya ngozi, kune mishonga inogona kuderedza zvikuru njodzi yehutachiwana calle d post-exposure prophylaxis (kana PEP).
Mienzaniso yekutengesa kwengozi yakawanda inosanganisira:
- Kondomu isina kondomu nemumwe munhu ane HIV kana iwe unofunga kuti ane HIV
- kondomu yakazununguka kana kuputika
- Kugovana mashizha kupinza mishonga yemhando ipi zvayo, kusanganisira steroids
- Kubata kana kurohwa zvepabonde
Post-exposure prophylaxis ine mushure mazuva 28 emazuva emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya , iyo inofanira kutorwa zvakakwana uye isinganzwisisiki. Kuti udzikise hutachiwana hwehutachiona, PEP inofanira kutanga nekukurumidza sezvinobvira - zvakanaka mukati meawa makumi matatu nemaawa ekuzarura .
Mimwe mirayiridzo inoratidza kuti PEP inogona kutarisirwa kusvika maawa makumi manomwe nemaviri ekutsvaga, asi zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti mikana yekudzivirira utachiona yakanakisisa nokukurumidza paunotanga kurapwa-utachiona husati hwava nemukana wekutama kubva panzvimbo yekupinda uye kupinda ropastream uye lymph nodes.
Saka icho chinonyanya kukosha ndechokutsvaga kutarisisa. Usamirira. Nguva iyo kusvibiswa kunoitika, enda kuchivanze chako chekutsvaga chiri pedyo kana kufamba-mumakiriniki. Usamirira kusvikira mangwanani kuti udane chiremba wako.
PEP inotarisirwawo kune vashandi vehutano vakave vakashanda mune zvehutachiwana hweHIV , zvakadai kuburikidza nehutano nehutachiwana hwehutachiwana kana kusagadzikana kwetsono muchipatara kana mumakiriniki.
Nzira yepi PEP iri Kutungamirirwa
Kana ukangosvika kuchipatara kana kliniki, uchapiwa kukurumidza kuongororwa neHIV kuti uone kana iwe une HIV kana kuti haina HIV.
- Kana iwe une HIV , izvi zvinoreva kuti wakambosangana neHIV uye unotapukirwa nehutachiona. Chipiri chekuedzwa chichagoverwa kusimbisa zvabuda, mushure mekunge iwe uchatumirwa kune mushandi wehutano wekupa mazano, uye kuzokurukura zvawanikwa.
- Kana usina HIV , iwe uchapiwa chirongwa chema 2-3 chemishonga inotapurika iyo yaunoda kutanga pakarepo uye kutora vhiki ina. Nokuda kwekutsvaga kwakanyanya, madawa maviri anowanzotarisirwa. Nokuda kwezviitiko zvakakomba, kusanganisira kubata nekubatwa kwebasa nemumwe munhu asingazivikanwe kana kuzivikanwa nezvehutachiona hweHIV, mutemo wechitatu unogona kurongerwa. (Zvimwe zvinongororwa, zvisinei, zvinongogara zvichitsanangura mishonga mitatu mumatambudziko ose nekuda kwekureruka kwepamusoro uye kushandiswa kwekushandiswa kwemishonga mitsva itsva).
Iwe ungadai iwe unorayirwa pamusoro pekugadzirisa zvakakodzera, zvinokonzerwa nemigumisiro, nekuteerera kuchirapa . Zvimwe kuongorora kuongorora zvinogona kuitwa, kana zvichiratidzwa (semuenzaniso, zvirwere zvepabonde, hepatitis B) Emergency contraception inogonawo kurongerwa pamhosva dzekubatwa chibharo kana kurwisa zvepabonde.
Kana kukurumidza kuongororwa kweHIV kusina kuwanika, uchapiwa chirwere cheHIV ELISA uye wakapa mishonga inotanga kutanga kurapwa. Iwe ungadai wakakurudzirwa nezvezviwanikwa zvako kana maongororo emapurisa apera, uye akaudzwa kana uchida kuramba uchirapwa.
Kutevera kutevedzwa kweHIV kuchazodikanwa kurongwa, kazhinji mukati mavhiki 4-6 pashure pekupedzwa kwePEP.
Inobatsira sei PEP?
PEP mumagariro ehupfumi akaratidzwa kuderedza dambudziko rekutapukirwa neHIV ne 81 muzana, maererano nekuongorora kwakabudiswa muNew England Journal of Medicine .
Hapana dhiyabhorosi inowanika kuenzanisa kubudirira kwePEP mumamiriro ehupombwe kana kuvhara zvinodhaka zvinodhaka nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri zviri nyore:
- Zvakaoma kuparadzanisa kusvibiswa nerudzi rwemhando kana kukanganisa munzvimbo yekuchengetedzwa kwekukurumidzira.
- Chirwere chemakiriniki chinoda "boka rekutungamirira" revanhu vanorwara nehutachiona hweHIV asi havakwanisi kupa PEP kuitira kuti vagoita hutano hwekuenzanisa, hutsika hahugoneki.
Izvozvo zvakati, migumisiro yakawedzerwa kusvika iye zvino inoratidza kuti PEP inogona kubudirira mukuderedza dambudziko rekutapurirwa kweHIV mumamiriro ekusaona, kusina basa.
Additional Information
- Mari yePEP inogona kuve yakafukidzwa neshuwarisi (kana iwe waunoshandira mumamiriro ekushanda), asi usamirira kuvimbiswa usati waenderera mberi, kunyanya kana yakave maawa makumi maviri nemaviri kana kupfuura kubva pakabuda pachena.
- PEP haisi mangwanani mushure memapiritsi. Pawakatanga, unoda kupedzisa iyo yose yemishonga. Kurasikirwa kwemasero kana kumira kurapwa nguva isati yasvika kunogona kutungamirira kukurudzirwa kwehutachiona hweHIV . Kana uri kutarisana nemigumisiro yemigumisiro, tumira chiremba wako kana kliniki pakarepo. Mimwe mishonga inowanzogadziriswa.
- Kana usina chokwadi kana wakambosangana neHIV, enda kuchipatara chako chaipo kana kuti kliniki, kana kudana nehutachiona hweHIV. Nhoroondo yeAIDS inotsvaga inogona kuwanika mumapeji matsvuku pasi pe "AIDS, HIV Educational Referral uye Support Services" kana "Social Services Organisations." Vachava nani vakakwanisa kukupa mazano pamusoro pekuda kwekutsvaga.
- Vanhu vari pangozi yakakura yeHIV vanofanira kufunga nzira dzokudzivirira utachiona hweHIV musati watanga. Nhasi, pane chirongwa chinonzi HIV pre-exposure prophlylaxis (PrEP) iyo kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva kwechirwere Truvada kunogona kuderedza dambudziko rekuwana HIV kune 75%.
Sources:
Cardo, D., MD; Culver, D., PhD ;; Ciesielski, C., MD, uye al. "Mhosva-yekuongorora nezvehutachionversi hweHIV mune vashandi vehutano pashure pekutsvaga kwega." New England Journal of Medicine . November 1997; 337: 1485-1490.
Roland, M .; Neilands, T .; Krone, M., et al. "Seroconversion inotevera pasococational postexosure propylaxis pamusoro peHIV." Clinical Infectious Disease. November 2005; 41 (10): 1507-1513.
Smith, D .; Grohskopf, L .; Black, R., et al. "Antiretroviral Postexposure Prophylaxis Mushure mekuita zvepabonde, kusagadzikana-kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, kana zvimwe zvisingaiti zvekushaya hutachiwana hweHIV muUnited States." Kushungurudza uye Kufa Vhiki Yevhiki. January 21, 2005; 55 (RR02): 1-20.