Chii Chaunogona Kutarisira Muzvikamu Zvokupedzisira Zvekukundikana Kwepoyi?
Chirwere chekupedzisira-chirwere chepfungwa chikamu chekupedzisira chechirwere chirwere chisingaperi. Pamuganhu uyu wokupedzisira, itsvo haikwanisi kushanda pachavo, zvinoreva kuti munhu anoda chirwere che dialysis kana kupora kwepvo kuti arambe ari mupenyu. Kunyange zvazvo kuiswa kune chisarudzo chakanakisisa sezvo chinopa mushonga, kwete munhu wose ari mubvunzo wekuvhiya uku.
Kunyangwe zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuona kuti vanhu vazhinji vane zvirwere zvepfungwa dzisingagumi havagoni kudikanwa dialysis.
Ichi ndechokuti, nekutarisira kwekutanga, munhu anogona kazhinji kuderedza chirwere chacho.
Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda ari muzvikamu zvekupedzisira zvezvirwere zvepvo, chii chaunogona kutarisira, uye chii chakafanana kufa kubva mukushaya simba kwetsvina?
Tsanangudzo yeHinney Kidney Disease
Mafyvo ako futa tsvina uye mvura kubva muropa rako. Kana utano hwako hwepfungwa hukadzikisa, tsvina inowedzera mumuviri, uye izvi zvinogadzirwa nemarara zvinogona kutungamirira zviratidzo zvakadai sekushungurudza kwakanyanya uye kurutsira, kurasikirwa kwechido, uye kunzwa kunorwara uye kushaya simba zvachose.
Kurasikirwa kwebasa rinokonzerwa nehisvo kunogona kuitika kamwe-kamwe (kunonzi chirwere chakaipa chepfungwa) kana kupfuura kwemwedzi mitatu kana kupfuura (inonzi chirwere chisingaperi chepfungwa). Chirwere chepfungwa chakaipa chinogona kuchinja pachako pachako. Asi mune chirwere chisingagumi zvepfungwa, chirwere chepvo chinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Kune zvikamu zvishanu zvehutachiona hwepfungwa dzesingaperi, nechechi yechishanu inomiririra chirwere chepfungwa yekupedzisira.
Mune mamwe mazwi, pasina chiyero chinoponesa upenyu sa dialysis kana kuti kuchinja kwepvo, munhu angafa mukati memavhiki kana kupfuura.
Zvakakosha kuona kuti mafungiro epfungwa evanhu anowedzera kuwedzera kuwedzera, kunyange zvazvo chirwere icho chinetso chepfungwa chinorega uye kuchinja kubva pane imwe nhanho kusvika kune inotevera chinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda (somuenzaniso, hutano hwehutano hunokonzera chirwere chepfungwa mu nzvimbo yekutanga).
Zvinogona kutora makore akawanda kana makumi emakore kuti urege kukundikana kukunda kuenda kumagumo ekupedzisira echirwere chacho.
Zvinokonzera
Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvezvirwere zvisingaperi zvepfungwa; izvo zviviri zvinowanzozivikanwa chirwere cheshuga uye kuwedzerwa kweropa.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira:
- Lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus)
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Chirwere chePycycystic chinetso
- Kudzokorora urinary mapepa
- Kuvhara kwenguva refu kwehutachiona (somuenzaniso, kubva kumarara kana kuti prostate yakawedzera muvarume)
Zvakakosha kuti chiremba aongorore "nei" mushure mezvirwere zvepfungwa dzako nokuti angakwanisa kuderedza chirwere chako pasi. Semuenzaniso, kana kuwedzerwa kweropa ndiko kukanganisa, ipapo chiremba wako angave ane utsinye nekuongorora ropa rako uye achirichengeta mukati mehutano hwakanaka. Saizvozvowo, kunyatsochengetedza ropa rako sutu kana iwe uri chirwere cheshuga, chinogona kuderedza kupera kwetsvo dzako.
Kuziva
Kune zviedzo zvakawanda izvo chiremba angaita kuti aone zvakanaka chirwere chako chisingaperi, uye zvimwe zvekuedzwa (semuenzaniso, kuongororwa kweropa) kuchadzokidzwa kakawanda, kunyange iwe uchifambira mberi kusvika pakupedzisira.
Mienzaniso yeongororo iyo chiremba wako achaita kuti aongorore uye oongorora basa rako repso rinosanganisira:
- Ropa rekuyera rinoyera mafungiro ako eminzwa (somuenzaniso, BUN uye levelininine level) nemazinga e electrolyte (somuenzaniso, pasi yako ye potassium)
- Urine tests
- Ultrasound yeminyo yako
- Nyuchi yetsvo yako (iyo nzira umo mudiki mazamu anotorwa anobva muinso rako uye akaongororwa pasi pe microscope)
- CT kuongorora mafungiro ako
Chiremba wako achadawo kuongorora yako glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Nhamba iyi inobvumira chiremba wako kuti anzwisise zvakanyanya mafungiro ako einso uye aone danho rechirwere chako. Iko GFR inonyatsoverengwa kuburikidza nekushandisa ropa rako creatinine level, makore, gender, uye rudzi.
Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe dzedzidzo idzi dzakatayirwa nechiremba kana kuti chiremba wemhuri, munhu ane chirwere chepfungwa chisingagumi anozopedzisira ataurwa kune imwe nyanzvi inonzi "nephrologist," kunyanya sezvaanoenderera mberi kusvika kune zvishoma.
Muzvokwadi, zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti avo vanotumirwa kune nyanzvi yekwenyanzvi vanowanzogara kwenguva refu kupfuura avo vasingaoni nyanzvi.
Imwe nyanzvi yezvezinza inogona kutevera maitiro ako epfungwa zvakanyatsonaka uye kukurukura chirongwa chekurapa newe iwe kana mafungiro ako akundikana. Anokwanisawo kucherechedza matambudziko ose anokonzerwa nechirwere chepfungwa dzako, zvakadai seanemia kana bone.
Zviratidzo
Sezvo kufambira mberi kwezvirwere zvisingaperi zvepfungwa zvakasiyana, ndizvo zvakaita zviratidzo zvinobatanidzwa. Mukuwedzera, nguva iyo munhu anotanga kuonekwa nayo zviratidzo zvehutano hwake hwepimpure haisi kudyiwa uye yakaoma. Ichokwadi, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa sevakanaka kusvikira chirwere chavo chiri mberi. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekuona chiremba wako nguva dzose nekuda kwekuongorora ropa.
Zvimwe zvezviratidzo izvo munhu angaona mune zvirwere zvisingaperi zvepfungwa, kunyanya sezvo zvichifambira mberi kusvika pakupedzisira, zvinosanganisira:
Kurasikirwa Kwemagetsi
Chinhu chokutanga chaunogona kuona chiri kunzwa zvakanyanya kurara kana kuneta kudarika nguva. Kurara kwako kunogona kuchinja. Iwe unogona kurara zvakanyanya masikati kana kuti uchinetseka kurara usiku. Kuneta kunobatanidza neimpso kukanganisa kwakasiyana nekuneta kunowanzoitika. Iwe unganzwa wakaneta pasinei nousiku hwakanaka hwekurara kana mukombe wekofi.
Kuchinja Kwepfungwa
Unogona kuona kuora mwoyo kwakanyanyisa kana zvinetso zvichifungisisa kare izvo zvinogona kufambira mberi pakuvhiringidzika, kuzvidya mwoyo , kutsamwa, kana kunyange delirium . Apo munhu anowedzera zvakashata zvakagadzirwa kubva muhono kusakundikana, kugumburwa uye coma zvinogona kuitika.
Abnormal Sensations
Makumbo asingagadziki, tsoka dzinopisa, kana zvimwe zvinetso zvekunetseka zvinogona kukura semugumisiro wezvakawanda zvakagadzirwa mumarara mumuviri. Zvechokwadi, kana izvi zvichiitika, zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chokuti dialysis inoda kudiwa nokukurumidza.
Muscle Changes
Sezvo maminera achivakwa muropa, unogona kuona hutundu huchikuvadza kana kuti huputi, kunyanya usiku.
Kuchinja Kweganda
Iko kuvaka-kemikemikari inonzi urea muropa kunogona kukonzera ganda rako kuti rive, uye iwe ungatova nehupfuu hwakachena pamucheka wako. Itching inogona kurongedzwa nemasikiriti emakwenzi kana antihistamines, zvakadai seBenadryl (diphenhydramine ) .
Appetite uye Weight Changes
Chido chako chichaderera , uye iwe unogona kuderedza uremu. Zvichida, iwe unogona kuwedzerwa muviri wako uchichengetedza huwandu hwemvura.
Kana iwe usingabereki muto akawanda asi uchiri kunwa mvura, unogona kuona kuti tsoka dzako, makumbo, uye maziso emakumbo zvinokurira, zvinonzi edema.
Kusagadzikana kwezvakagadziriswa mune chirwere chisingaperi chepfungwa chinetso chikuru, ndicho chikonzero vanhu vanowanzotevera kudya kwakakosha kuti vagadzirise chimiro chavo chekudya.
Kuchinja Mukugadzirisa
Iwe unogona kupfuura zvishoma kana pasina urini zvachose. Kana izvi zviri izvo, iwe unoderedza kuwanda kwemvura inomwa iwe kunogona kuvandudza kunyaradzwa kwako nekuderedza kuwanda kwemvura yakanyanya mumuviri wako.
Vamwe vanogona kuchinjwa mumararamiro avo ekuzorora sezvinoita kuwedzera, kuperevedzwa kwemuti wavo (unonzi incontinence), kana kuwedzera hutachiona hwezvirwere.
Kusagadzikana kwepabonde
Vakadzi vanowanzova nematambudziko ekuenda kumwedzi uye kubereka mune zvirwere zvisingaperi zvepfungwa asi varume vanoita erectile dysfunction. Mukuwedzera, vazhinji vakadzi vanoenda kumagumo emagetsi epfungwa vanorega kuva nenguva.
Kuchinja Kwakachinja
Iko kuvaka-acids muropa kunogona kukonzera kuchinja mukufema, sekufema nekukurumidza uye zvishoma, asi izvi zvinowanzosanzwisisika. Kunyange zvakadaro, mvura inogona kuwedzera mumapapu uye muranda wechifuva zvichikonzera kupfupika kwemhepo uye kurwadziwa kwepfupa.
Zvimwe Kuchinja
Kune zvimwe zvirwere zvehutano zvinosangana nezvirwere zvisingagumi zvepfungwa zvakadai sokuderera kweropa, pasi peplatelets (iyo inobatsira kuvhara ropa rako uye kunogona kutungamirira ku nyore kuputsika), matambudziko emapfupa, kusagadzikana, kushanduka kwemvura, uye electrolyte zvisina kunaka. Kupisa kunhu, kurutsira, uye hutsva hunopisa zvinogonawo kuitika.
Kurapa
Kurapa kwechirwere chako chisingagumi kunobva mukushanda kweiyo munhu mumwe. Somuenzaniso, munhu ari muchikamu chepakati chechirwere chepfungwa chisingaperi chingave akakwanisa kutora diuretic kuti urinate kunze kwemvura yakanyanya. Kune rumwe rutivi, munhu ane chirwere chepfungwa chekupedzisira-chinopisa mushure mumuviri unoda dialysis kuti abvise kudarika kwemvura kunobva mumuviri.
Chiremba wako achabatawo zvinetso zvose zvine chokuita nehosha yako yepvo. Semuenzaniso, unogona kudikanwa mishonga yeanemia kana kuti mishonga yekudzivirira kurashikirwa kwefupa.
Matanho Okupedzisira Ezvirwere zvepoyo zveVanoda
Vanhu vanogona dzimwe nguva kurarama kwemakore mazhinji nerubatsiro rwe dialysis. Asi, pasina dialysis, kana kana munhu akasarudza kuongorora dialysis, rufu runowanzoitika mukati memavhiki mashoma. Sezvo chekisi inowedzera muropa (iyo inonzi uremia), munhu achatanga kurara kwezuva rose. Anogona kuona zvinhu zvisipo, kana kutaura pamusoro pekutaura nevanhu vakafa kare. Ganda rayo rinogona kusvibiswa, uye iye acharasikirwa nekunzwa nzara. Nzwisiso yenyota inogonawo kupera, kunyange zvazvo kusvuta kwetsvo kunogona kukonzera nyota yakawandisa. Sezvaanoswedera pedo kusvika pakufa, anogona kuve akasununguka zvikuru uye ave nekufema zvisina kufanira ( Cheyne-Stokes breath ). Zviratidzo izvi zvingave zvisina kunakidza kune vadiwa, asi hazviiti sekuti hazvishamisi kune munhu ari kufa. Sezvaanoswedera kurufu, iye angangodaro akapinda mu coma. Panguva ino, kungoshandisa nguva pamwe chete naye kunokosha. Takadzidza kuti pfungwa yekunzwa ndiyo pfungwa yekupedzisira kusiya, saka kutaura naye kunogona kunyaradza zvikuru.
Kana tichienzaniswa nevanhu vanofa nekenza, avo vanofa kubva kumagumo emagumo epfungwa vakawanika kuti vane mazinga akakwirira ekupatara uye zvishoma pamagumo eupenyu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa chepakati chepfumbamwe vanogona kubatsirwa nekuchengetwa kwakanaka kwepfungwa uye kuronga pamagumo ehupenyu. Kana mudiwa wako ari kutarisana nezvikamu izvi zvokupedzisira, taura nachiremba wake pamusoro pekuchengetedza kwemazuva uye zvisarudzo zvakadai sekuchengetwa kwekuchengetedza.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana uine chirwere chisingaperi chepfungwa, unogona kuva nekuzvidya mwoyo kufunga nezvemangwana. Ramba wakasimba uye uenderere kushanda pamwe chete nechiremba wako. Kunyatsotarisa uye kuonekwa kwokutanga kwezvirwere zvepuro zvakakosha pakudzivirira itsvo dzako.
Kana uine chirwere chepfungwa chekupedzisira uye uri pa dialysis kana kuti pedyo zvikuru nekutanga dialysis, tapota iva nechokwadi chekukurukurirana mibvunzo yako yose, kunetseka, zvinotarisirwa, uye zvinangwa zvekutarisira nechiremba wako.
Pasinei nokuti unosarudza kuva nechirwere che dialysis, kana kuti kwete, taura nachiremba wako pamusoro pekuchengetedza kurapa. Kune vanhu vane kenza, izvi zvinowanzovakwa mumakiriniki anoshanyira, uye chirongwa chekuchenjerera chinoitwa. Neyo kusaputsika kwetsvo, iwe unogona kutanga chirongwa ichi kuti ugamuchire kurapwa kwakanakisisa uye uve nehutano hwakanaka hwehupenyu pamwe chete nenguva yakawanda yawakasiya.
> Sources:
> National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Chii chinonzi Chronic Kidney Disease? https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/what-is-chronic-kidney-disease
> Raghavan, D., uye J. Holley. Kutarisira Kuchengetedza Kwevakwegura CKD Mwoyo Murefu: Bhuku Rinobatsira. Kufambira Mberi Mukusingaperi Kwepembudzi Disease . 2016. 23 (1): 51-6.
> Rosenberg, M. Kubatana kweHurumende yeHIV Kidney Disease muVakuru. UpToDate . Updated 12/06/17.
> Wachterman, M., Lipsitz, S., Lorenz, K., et al. Kuguma-kwe-Muupenyu Chiitiko cheVakuru Vakwegura Kudya kwekupedzisira-Stage Dambudziko reReal: Kuenzaniswa neKenza. Zvinyorwa zveHurwa uye Chiratidzo Chekuita . 2017. 54 (6): 789-797.
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