CDC Chidzidzo inoratidza kusiyanisa mune zvakanzwisisika uye chaiyo njodzi
Kukuvara kweAlllestick-pamwe chete nekukuvadzwa kunokonzera munhu kunogona kuzarura munhu kune tsvina yeropa kana muviri wemvura-yakagara ichiva nehanya kune vashandi vehutano uye vanhu vose.
Zvakawanda zvekutya zvakagadzirwa nemashoko ezvepepanhau izvo zvinopfurikidza nehutachiwana hwekuwana HIV kuburikidza nekukuvara kwekushaiwa ruzivo kana mavara ekudzivirira apo vanopomerwa vanonzi "vari kurarama mukutya" mushure mokunge vagamuchira kuonekwa kwakadai (kusanganisira chiitiko chikuru chakaitika muna 2013 apo mumwe mukadzi wekuMichigan akashungurudza Etihad Airways mushure mekuzviputira pamusana pekutendera sariti inosara iri muchikwata chechigaro).
Kunyange zvazvo maonero ehuwandu angave akakwirira maitiro ekukuvadzwa kwemasinga, kuongorora kwezvino kubva kuCenters of Disease Control uye Kudzivirira (CDC) inoratidza kuti pangozi chaiyo inogona kuva yakaderedza-yakanyanya kuderera, zvekuti ikozvino inogona kufungidzirwa ishoma .
Kubvunzurudza "Vatatu Kune Chiuru" Kutarisa
Mukuongorora kwakakurumbira muna 1989, vatsvakurudzi vakaratidza kuti njodzi yekuwana HIV kubva kune imwe tsanga yekukuvadza ine chokuita neHIV-yakasvibiswa neropa yakanga yakapoteredza 0.32 muzana, kana zvikamu zvinenge zvitatu kubva pane zvinokwana 1 000.
Nhamba iyoyo yakaramba yakanyanyogadzikana mukuziva kwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu, pasinei nekuwedzera huchapupu hwokuti "zvitatu kubva kune chiuru" kuongororwa zvaive nezvakawandisa kune vasina kutorwa vanobva kune nguva yekupedzisira, chirwere chechiratidzo -chinowanzoitika muna 1989-kupfuura kuongororwa kwakavakirwa pangozi yekushayiwa njodzi chete.
A meta-analysis yakagadzirwa muna 2006 yakanyanya kusimbisa kusava nechokwadi.
Mukuongorora zvidzidzo 21 zvakasiyana, vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kuongororwa kwepakati kwakaratidza kuti njodzi yekuwana HIV yakanga yakawanda kupfuura mamiriyoni 0,1 kubva muzana kana kushaiwa kwekushaiwa kwekushaiwa kwaingova ndiyo ngozi bedzi. Chero bedzi apo munhu anorwara ane chirwere cheAIDS anozivikanwa-kureva, CD4 count iri pasi pe 200 masero / mL uye / kana chirwere chinorondedzera AIDS -kuda kuenzanisa kunokwira kusvika ku37.3%.
Chii chakanga chiri, zvimwe, chinonyanya kukosha kucherechedza ndechekuti, yezvidzidzo makumi maviri nezviviri zvakaongororwa, 13 dzakagumisa ngozi chaiyo ye 0%. Kusiyana kwakadaro mukutsvakurudza kwakangobatsira kuwedzera kune kukakavara kwakange kwakapoteredza nyaya yehutachiona hweHIV mune zvehutano hwehutano hwemabasa .
CDC Inotsvaga Mhosva Yakasimbiswa uye Yakatarwa
MuJanuary 9, 2015 nenyaya yeCharbidity and Mortality Weekly , CDC mahofisi akacherechedza makumi mashanu nemasere makumi mashanu nemashanu uye makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu ezvimwe zvinokwanisika zvehutachiwana hweHIV pakati pegore ra1985 na2013.
Mhosva dzakasimbiswa dzaive iyo iyo mushandi wehutano akaiswa kuti ave asina HIV kana apo murwere anonzi akaratidzika kuti ane HIV. Kusiyana neizvi, zviitiko zvinogona kuitika ndezviya izvo hutachiwana hutachiona hwehutachiona hunenge husingazivikanwi kana kuti hapana chibvumirano chakanyorwa chakasimbiswa pakati pemushandi wehutano uye mushandi anorwara.
Mutsara unoenderera mberi uchitsanangura kuti, kubva muna 1999, chinongova chimwechete chakasimbiswa chehutachiwana hweHIV chakambotaurirwa kuCDC. (Icho chiitiko chakabatanidza muongorori webazi uyo, muna 2008, aishanda nehupenyu hweHIV huripo.)
Pakati pemasere makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemasere akasimbiswa, zvose kunze kwechina zvakaitika pakati pemakore 1985 ne1995, nguva isati yatarisana nekuuya kweraretroviral therapy (ART) uye kusunungurwa kwemitemo yekutanga yeUnited States yekushandisa post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) mumamiriro ezvinhu kuerekana kuitika HIV.
Kunyange zvazvo mutauriri weCDC pasina nzira unoderedza kukosha kwePEP mumamiriro ezvinhu ekutsvaga mutsva uye zvimwe kukuvadzwa kunopesana, zvinoratidza kuti, mumashoko evatsvakurudzi, " kurapa kwakapararira uye kwakapfuura kuderedza mishonga yevirwere yevirwere " kwakabatsira kugadzirisa zvakakwana kwehutachiwana hweHIV maererano nehuwandu hwemabasa hunotarisirwa.
> Sources:
> United States District Court, Eastern District kuMichigan, Southern Division. " JANE DOE naJOHN DOE, murume nomudzimai, VaRainers, vs. ETIHAD AIRWAYS , PJSC, Mutsigiri." Grand Rapids, Michigan; October 15, 2013; yakasvika musi waJanuary 20, 2015.01.20
> Becker, C .; Chine, J .; uye Gerberding, J. "Kuwana hutachiona hwehutachiwana hwehutachiona hweHIV (HIV). Annual Internal Medicine . April 15, 1989; 110 (8): 653-656.
> Baggaley, R .; Boily, M .; Muchena, R .; et al. "Ngozi yekutapukira kweHIV-1 yekutora parenteral nekuwedzerwa ropa." AIDS. April 4, 2006; 20 (6): 805-812.
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). " Mhemberero kubva kumunda: Kuita basa rakagadzirwa neHIV Infection pakati pehutano Care Worker s - United States, 1985-2013." Kushungurudza uye Kufa Vhiki Yevhiki. January 9, 2015; 63 (53): 1245-1246.
> CDC. "Yakavandudzwa kuU.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures kuHIV neZvimbiso zvePostexposure Prophylaxis." Kuuraya uye Kufa Kwevhiki Negore. Svondo 30, 2005; 54 (RR09): 1-17.