Anozivikanwa, Zvichida, uye Zvinokonzera Zvinokonzera
Apo iwe unofunga pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi zvinokonzerwa nekenza yemapapu, zvinogona kunge kusvuta ndiko kufunga kwako kokutanga. Asi kune zvikonzero zvakawanda mukuwedzera kune kusvuta izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti zvinokonzera, kana zvichida kugovera, kukura kwekenza yemapapu.
Kukosha kwekuziva Zviitiko Zvengozi
Sei zvakakosha kuziva nezvezviitiko izvi? Pane zvikonzero zvishomanana.
- Kudzivirira - Kuva neruzivo kuti chinhu chinonzi radon kana chemakemikari anoshanda, kana tsika yakadai sekusvuta inokonzera ngozi, vanhu vanogona kuva nemukana wakanaka wekudzivisa njodzi iyo, uye
- Kuongorora Kwokutanga - Kushandisa ruzivo urwu rwezvipingamupinyi - kusanganisira avo vasingawanzozivikanwi - vanhu vari pangozi yemukenza wemapapu vangave vakawedzera kuziva. Kuziva izvi, kunogonawo, kunogona kubatsira vanhu kudzidzisa ivo nezvekutanga kwezviratidzo zvekenza yemapapu, uyewo kuva nemukana wokupinda mumuviri wemapapu emapapu kana izvi zvinonzwika kuti zvakakodzera. Ikozvino maitiro ekuongorora maitiro anokurukurwa pasi pechinyorwa chino, asi kubva kune dzimwe njodzi dzinokonzera, iwe nechiremba wako angada kufungisisa kuongorora kunze kwemashoko aya.
Zvichizivikanwa, Zvichida, uye Zvinogona Kuisa Njodzi Zviitiko zveKenza Kanonzi
Usati watarisa ngozi kune zviitiko zvekenza yemapapu, zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nekenza yemapapu zvakanyatsojeka, asi vamwe vanoonekwa sechinhu chingave kana chinogona. Mimwe miitiro yakajairika, yakadai sekusvuta, zviri nyore kudzidza pane zvimwe zvinowanzoonekwa.
Zvakakoshawo kuita kusiyanisa pakati pekuita nekugadzirisa. Chero nokuti zvinhu zviviri zvakawirirana, hazvireve kuti pane kukonzera. Muenzaniso unowanzoshandiswa kuita kuti kusiyana pakati pechikonzero chaicho uye kushamwaridzana kusinganzwisisiki ndiko kubatana pakati pe ice cream uye kunyura.
Dzimwe ice cream inopedzwa muzhizha, uye kune mamwe emvura muzhizha. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane kuwirirana pakati pekris cream uye kunyura asi hazvirevi kuti ice cream inokonzera kunyura.
Kusvuta
Kusvuta kunokonzerwa ne80 muzana yemapfupa emapapu emapapu muUnited States. Kunyange zvazvo kusvuta fodya kusingakoshi kudarika kusvuta fodya, avo vanoita utsi hwembiya inowanzokwanisa kuwedzera kanomwe kupfuura vasiri vasvuta kuti vave nekenza yemapapu.
Age
Zera inokosha inokonzerwa nekenza yemapapu, semukenza wemapapu inowanzova yakawanda nekuwedzera kwezera. Izvozvo zvakati, vaduku vechidiki uye dzimwe nguva kunyange vana vanogona kuva nemukenza wemapapu.
Radon
Kuonekwa kune radhioni mumusha ndicho chechipiri chinokonzera kukonzera yemapapu emapapu uye chinokonzera chinokonzerwa nevasina kusvuta . Radon inotyisa isina girasi inopinda mumisha kuburikidza nekuputika mune nheyo dzakasimba, masangano ekuvaka, kuputika mumadziro, zvipfigiro mumigodhi yakasimirirwa, zvipfigiro zvakapoteredza mapaipi emisasa, masango mukati memadziro, uye mvura. Sezvo zvakadaro, kufanana neRaddon inotyisa hutano hwevana uye varume nevakadzi vasina hanya uye vanogona kuitika mudzimba dzavo. Inowanikwa mumisha mune zvese makumi mashanu uye nyika yose, nzira chete yekuziva kana uri pangozi ndeyekuti imba yako iongorwe .
Kana radon yakawanikwa, kune nzira dzekudzikisa mazinga .
Secondhand Smoke
Utsi hwechipiri hunokwidza mukana wekenza yemapapu kune vasiri vanhu vanogara pedyo ne20 muzana kusvika 30 muzana uye inotarisirwa zvinokwana 7 000 matenda emukenza wemapapu gore rose muUnited States. Ukuwo rumwe rutivi, ruzivo rukuru runotarisirwa kubatanidza boka rakabudiswa munguva ichangopfuura mu Journal of the National Cancer Institute yavakadzi vanodarika 76 000 vakatsigira kushamwaridzana kwakasimba pakati pemidzanga yefodya neyemapapu asi havana kuwana hukama pakati pechirwere uye utsi hwechipiri.
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo
Zvose zvinosvibisa mukati uye kunze kwemhepo zvinogona kukonzera njodzi yekenza yemapapu.
Kunyika yakasvibiswa kunogona kuonekwa sechikonzero chakajeka, asi kusvibiswa kwemukati kubva kushandiswa kwemalahle yekubika nekupisa kunowedzerawo ngozi.
Occupational and Household Chemicals
Kujekesa kumakemikari nemishonga pane-iyo-basa, zvakadai se formaldehyde uye asbestos, silica, chromium, inokosha inokonzerwa nekenza yemapapu, zvikurukuru kana ichibatanidzwa nekusvuta.
Basa Rokuratidzwa
Mishonga yakawanda yebasa inogona kuzarura vashandi kumakonogeni , zvichiita kuti kuwedzerwa ngozi yepapu uye mamwe makondombera. Semuenzaniso, crystalline silica uye chrysotile asbestos vanhu vanozivikanwa kanonzi carcinogens; sezvinotarisirwa, vashandi vakazarurirwa guruva resilika uye fibbiber fiber vari pangozi yakawanda yekuve nemukenza wemapapu. Uranium miners and nuclear plant workers are also known to have increased lung cancer risk.
Genetic Risk Factors
Yakave yakatarwa kwemakore akawanda kuti mutsa wemapapu unoita seunomhanya mune dzimwe mhuri . Munguva ichangobva kuwanikwa, zvakawanikwa kuti vanhu vane maitiro akawanda akasiyana-siyana ekuchinja kwemajini (kuchinja kunovapo pakuberekwa) vanowanzova nekenza yemapapu.
Radiation
Mazairo, epamusoro x-radiation uye mavara emagma ane maitiro e-radiotherapy, mazhenjeti ekujekesa, uye nzvimbo dzakasvibiswa nemasango, ndicho chinokonzera kenza yemapapu. Vanhu vane chirwere chemaawa kuchipfuva chekenza sehutano hweHodgkin (rudzi rwe lymphoma) kana kutevera mastectomy yekenza yemazamu kune ngozi yakawanda yekuva nekenza yemapapu. Kushandiswa kwemishonga yeradiation mushure me lumpectoma yekenza yepamu hazviti kuwedzera ngozi. Dambudziko racho rakakwirira kana mihizha inogamuchirwa pazera duku uye inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemazuva akawanikwa.
Lung Diseases
Kunyange zvazvo COPD (chronic obstructive chirwere chepachimara) nemukenza wemapapu zvose zvinokonzerwa nokuputa, COPD uye chirwere cheputi chinoratidzika sechokuzviisa pangozi yekenza yemapapu. Zvinonzwika kuti pulmonary fibrosis inowedzera mukana wekenza yemapapu ne40 muzana, uye tuberculosis inoonekwawo sechinhu chinokonzera kenza yemapapu.
Medical Conditions
Vanhu vane dzimwe kenza zvinoratidza kuva nehuwandu hwekenza yepamapapu (zvichida nemhaka yezvakaberekwa, zvinowanzoonekwa, kana marapirwo akadai semirairo). Izvi zvinosanganisira chirwere cheHodgkin, kwete Hodgkin's lymphoma, kenza yecheti, uterine sarcoma, mutsara wehuro uye mutsipa, kenza yepamusoro, kenza yeropa, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, kenza yemukomana, uye chirwere chepfungwa. Mukuwedzera, vanhu vane HIV, zvirwere zvakadai semarheritis arthritis, uye vagashiri vemuviri vanoitawo mungozi yekuwedzera kenza yemapapu.
Zvokudya uye Zvokudya Zvokudya
Kuchengetedza nyama (semusvini, kusungirirwa dhaka, kupora nyama yenguruve, etc.) yakadzika kubika uye chili chikabatanidzwa nehuwandu hwekenza yemapapu. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe dzidzo dzichiratidza kuti carotenoids inoderedza mutsa wemapapu emapapu, zvigumisiro zvave zvisinganzwisisiki, uye zvimwe zvakaratidza kuti kuwedzerwa-mazamu emuviri we vitamini A kunogona kukuvadza.
Doro
Kubva pakutsvakurudzwa kwakafuridzirwa kwevanomwe vanotarisa uye 3137 yemakenza emapapu emapapu, njodzi shomanana yekenza yemapapu yakaratidzwa pakati pevanhu vakadya zvinenge 30 g / zuva rewaini.
Lung Cancer Screening
Iye zvino, mutsauko wekenza yemapapu unokurudzirwa kune vanhu vari pakati pemakore makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu, avo vane makore makumi matatu emakore emakore emakore ekutsvaira uye vanoramba vachiputa kana kusiya kusvuta mumakore gumi apfuura. Zvichienderana nekuvapo kwemamwe ngozi, iwe uye chiremba wako anogona kufunga nezvekenza yemapapu yekuongorora kunze kwemashoko aya. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe wakanga uine huwandu hwakawanda hwedhiridhoni, wakanga uine rhetradio yerinomusiyamu muma20 wako, uye uine COPD, njodzi yako yekuva nekenza yemapapu ingave yakareba kunyange iwe usati wambosvuta. Kana uine zvimwe zvezviitiko izvi zvinopisa iwe unogona kufarira kubudisa peji ino kuti uuye newe kune chiremba wako. Parizvino, nguva inenge 40 kubva muzana yevanhu inotanga kuonekwa kuti mukenza wemapapu wakatanga kufambira mberi kusvika panhete 4-chikwata apo chirwere chekurapa hachibviri uye kuwedzera kwemakore mashanu kune imwechete neviri. Kusiyana neizvi, kuponeswa kwezvikamu zvepakutanga kwechirwere chinogona kuonekwa nekuongorora kunowedzera.
Sources:
Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira. Ndezvipi zvinokonzera njodzi dzeKenza yeLung? Updated 05/06/14.
Straif, K. IARC Monographs, Vol. 100: Kudzokorora uye Kuvandudzwa kweEpupational Carcinogens . International Agency for Research on Cancer. 23 Nov 2010.
Takiguchi, Y. et al. Chirwere chekudzivirira chirwere chemapapemona sechiitiko chekutengesa chepenza yemapapu. World Journal of Oncology . 2014. 5 (4): 660-6.