Nepo vanhu vazhinji vachitaura nezve "muzana wezera" mukusangana kukuru, vazhinji vanoverenga zvinoreva nguva yepakati pepakati kwete yevhareji . Nguva yepakatikati ndiyo imwe nharo: hafu yezvose zvinorwara zvinowira pasi pezera iro, uye hafu inowanikwa pamusoro pezera iroro. Ivhareji ndeyeiyo makore ose akawedzerwa uye zvino akaparadzaniswa nenhamba yematambudziko. Saka kana vanhu vana vachionekwa kuti vane makore 20, 21, 23, uye 28, avareji ndevane makumi maviri nemaviri, asi mamiririri ndeye 22.
Nguva yemunguva yekufungidzirwa kwemukenza wemapapu ine 72 , maererano nemanhamba ekupedzisira akaunganidzwa kubva muna 2008 kusvika muna 2012. Kubvira muna 1975 kusvika muna 1999 nguva yepakati pemakore yekuongororwa kwekenza yemapapu yaiva 66.
Vakadzi vs Varume
Nguva yemunguva yemukenza yemapapu yakasiyana zvakanyanya nevarume nevakadzi mune zvidzidzo zvakawanda. Vakadzi vanowanzova nekenza yemapapu pazera duku kupfuura varume neanenge makore maviri. Kunewo nhamba isingaverengeki yevakadzi vari pakati pevanhu vanovaka kenza yemapapu mudiki (makore pasi pemakumi mashanu). Kana izvi zvikaitika iwe, iva nechokwadi chekuongorora mashoko ari pasi apa.
Chirwere cheLung Chirwere Chirwere Chinoputsika Kwemakumi emakore
Izvo zvikamu zvemapapu emapapu zvinowanikwa pane imwe neimwe yezera ndeyotevera (somuenzaniso, pamakumbo makumi mapfumbamwe emukenza wemapapu, makumi maviri awo achawanikwa mune vanhu vane makore 55 kusvika ku64):
- Makore 20 kusvika ku 34 - 1.0%
- Zera 35 kusvika 44 - 1.3%
- Zuva 45 kusvika 54 - 7.9%
- Zera 55 kusvika 64 - 19.6%
- Zera 65 kusvika 74 - 30.5%
- Zera 75 kusvika 84 - 30.6%
- Zera 85 nekukura - 10.0%
Kana Uri Pasi Pemazera E40 (kana kuti 50)
Kana iwe uri pasi pemakore makumi mana iwe unogona kunge uchinzwa zviduku zvishoma uye zvakanyanya. Tirikudzidza kuti mukenza wemapapu muvanhu vaduku-chimwe chinhu chiri kuwedzera-kazhinji kacho chakasiyana chaizvo nekenza yemapapu kune vakura vakura.
Iko kune masangano akawanda emakenza emapapu akanaka kwazvo anopa rubatsiro rwevanhu vane kenza yemapapu, asi imwe inosvika zvakanyanya kune avo vari vaduku vane chirwere. Bhuku rinonzi Bonnie Addario Lung Cancer Foundation raita basa rakanaka rekubatanidza vechidiki nemukenza wemapapu uye ari kunyatsodzidza dzimwe nzira iyo kenza yemapapu yakasiyana neboka iri. Iwe unogona kunzwa vhidhiyo kubva kuna Bonnie Addario vachikurukura kuti izvi zvakave sei. Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana-siyana ndechekuti huwandu hwevanhu vari muboka iri vane hutachiona hwemagetsi. Kunyange zvazvo zvichikosha kune ani zvake ane kenza yemusero yemapapu isina chediki kuti ave nehuwandu hwemagetsi (kufungidzira kwemasero) yakaitwa pamaronda avo, zvinokosha zvikuru kune vanhu vari vaduku nehosha. Dzidza dzimwe nzira iyo mukenza wemapapu muvanhu vakuru vechidiki yakasiyana .
Kana Iwe Uri Makore Ekuma 70
Kana iwe uri pamusoro pemakore makumi manomwe zvakakosha kutaura zvinhu zvishoma zvakare. Ikoko kunoratidzika kuva nenhema yokuti vanhu vakwegura havakwanise kubvumira zvirwere zvinorwadza izvo avo vaduku vane chirwere vanogona kubata. Ongororo inofadza yakaratidza kuti iyi inyanzvi, asi ruzivo rwechipiri rweiyo rwakanamatira kumashure.
Pane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinofanira kuziva kana iwe une kenza yemapapu semunhu mukuru . Chimwe chacho ndechokuti kuvhiyiwa kwekenza yemapapu emapurogiramu epakutanga,, kazhinji, kwakanaka. Zvidzidzo zvinotarisa vanhu vakuru kusvikira kune makore makumi mashanu nemasere ekuita zvakanaka-kureva kuti vakanga vasina kudaro mune hutano hwakanaka-vakawana vakaregerera mamwe emitemo iyi pamwe chete nevarwere vaduku. Izvo zvakaonekwa ne chemotherapy.
Chinyorwa chinokosha chinoitwa ndechokuti mazhinji emishonga mitsva yemukenza wemapapu-ayo ari kuwedzera kuwedzera kwehupenyu-zviri nyore nyore kuzvirambidza kupfuura tsika dzekemotherapy. Izvi zvinosanganisira mishonga inonzi inozivikanwa nehutachiona uye immunotherapy .
Kutsigira uye Kukunda
Hazvinei kuti zera rako rinorwara nekenza yemapapu zvinotyisa. Itai kuti mhuri yenyu neshamwari vatsigire. Iyi haisi nguva yekuve "yakasimba" uye vanhu vazhinji vanoda chaizvo kubatsira. Kutaura zvazviri, kunyunyuta kukuru kunobva kune vadikanwa veavo vane kenza kunoratidzika kuva manzwiro okusakosha. Dzidza zvose zvaunogona pamusoro peswere chako. Heano mamwe mazano ekutsvakurudza kenza yako . Kunyange kana iwe usati uri munhu weruzhinji, chengetedza mumapoka ekutsigira mukenza yemapapu munharaunda yako kana musha wakanaka wemukenza wemapapu paIndaneti. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakosha kwete mukupa rubatsiro asi mukugovana ruzivo pane mushonga mutsva uye kuti ungagadzirisa sei chirwere chacho. Uye, tora nguva kuti uone kuti iwe uri mupepeti wako mukuchengetedzwa kwekenza .
Sources:
Fu, J. et al. Chirwere Chirwere Muvakadzi - Kuongorora kweNational Surveillance, Epidemiology, uye End Results Database. Chest . 2005. 127 (3): 768-777.
National Cancer Institute. Surveillance Epidemiology uye End Results. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Lung uye Bronchus. http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/lungb.html