Kusiyanisa uye Zvinyorwa zveVaduku Vakuru neLung Cancer
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga nezvekenza yemapapu sechirwere chevanhu vakwegura, asi chirwere chemapapu chinoitika kune vechidiki. Vanhu vose vakayeuchidzwa pamusoro peizvi apo Dana Reeve , anonyatsozivikanwa semudzimai we "Superman" uye asina kumbobvuta, akafa nemukenza wemapapu pazera remakore makumi mana nemana.
Kunetseka ndeyekuti mutsa wemapapu muvanhu vaduku vanoita seunowedzera . Iko kanowanzova kanhi yemapapu mune vanhu vaduku, yakasiyana sei nemukenza wemapapu muvanhu vakwegura, uye ndeapi zvimwe zvinhu zvinowanikwa kana uri mukomana wechidiki wekenza yemapapu?
Kufananidza Muchiri Muchirwere Muvechiduku
Hakuchina nzira dzakananga dzinofananidzira "vechidiki" kana iri pamusoro pemukenza wemapapu. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda uye zvinyorwa zvinotaura nezvekenza yemapapu inowanikwa pasi pezera remakore makumi mana kana makumi mana kana makumi matanhatu kana makumi mashanu sevechidiki. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kutsanangura "vaduku" sevanoonekwa kuti vane kenza yemapapu vasati vava nemakore makumi matanhatu. Ikozvino, mavhareji emakore ekuongororwa ndewe 72.
Ndezvipi Zvakafanana neLung Cancer muVechiduku?
Pakutanga, kenza yemapapu muvechidiki inogona kuoneka isina kujairika. Asi tichifunga kuti mutsa wemapapu ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinokonzera kufa kwekenza muvarume nevakadzi muUnited States, kunyange chikamu chiduku chinogona kushandura kuvanhu vakawanda vane chirwere. Inofungidzirwa kuti vanhu 222 500 vachaonekwa nekenza yemapapu muna 2017 uye 155.870 vachafa. Pakati pevanhu ava, 1.2 kusvika ku6.2 muzana vari pasi pezera remakore makumi mana, uye 13,4 muzana vari pasi pezera remakore makumi mashanu. Kuverenga nokukurumidza kunoratidza kuti vanenge 30 000 vanhu vasati vava nemakore makumi mashanu vachaonekwa nekenza yemapapu muna 2017 uye zvishoma nezvisere 21,000 Vakuru vechidiki vachafa kubva kurwere.
Kuisa izvi nenzira yakajeka, zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu makumi mana vachafa nekenza yemazamu muna 2017 uye vanenge 20 muzana yevakadzi ava vari pasi pezera remakore makumi mashanu. Imwe kuverenga nokukurumidza inofungidzira kuti vakadzi vanosvika 8300 vasati vava nemakore makumi matanhatu vanofa kubva nekenza yemazamu. Zvichida kuti vanhu vazhinji vangashamiswa nenhamba idzi.
Ko Muchiri Muchirwere Muvechiduku Akasiyana Sei?
Apo rinouya kune mumwe munhu ane kenza yemapapu, pane zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana muhupano hwekenza, unhu hwekenza, uye zvinhu zvakadai sekugara nhaka. Asi nhamba, kune dzimwe nzira umo kenza yemapapu muvechiduku yakasiyana zvakanyanya nekenza yemapapu kune vanhu vakwegura. Zvimwe zvezvi zvinosanganisira:
- Nhanho pakutsvaga: Vaduku vanowanzova nekenza yemapapu yakakura panguva yekuongororwa kupfuura vakura vakura; imwe nhamba yakawanda yevarwere vaduku vanoonekwa kuti vane chirwere chetatu chechirwere . Izvi zvinonzwisisika mune dzimwe nzira. Kenza yemaperembudzi-kunyanya muvechidiki, hutano, vasingamboputi-haisati yakakwirira kumusoro kwechirongwa chechirwere chechiremba, uye izvi zvinogona kuita kuti kunonoka kuongororwa. Vaya vari vaduku vanowanzotanga kuongororwa vane asthma, bronchitis , kana kunyange kutora mishonga vasati vasangana. Vechidiki vakawanda vane chifukidzo che-x-rays chakakundikana kuratidzira kenza, uye zvakakosha kune ani zvake wezera ripi neripi kuziva kuti chifu chema-ray chinogona kurasikirwa nehutano hwekenza yemapapu .
- Genetic Predisposition: Vanhu vanoonekwa kuti vane chirwere chemapapu mudiki vaduku vanowanzova nevamwe vemhuri avo vakatambura nechirwere ichi. Zvichida kuti hutano hunoita basa rakakura zvikuru mumukenza wemapapu unowedzera kuvarwere vaduku kudarika varwere vakwegura, uye vatsvakurudzi vari kungotanga kuziva zvimwe zvemajeni izvo zvingaita kuti vanhu vaduku vave nekukura kwekenza yemapapu.
- Kusvuta Chimiro: Vechiduku vane mutsa wemapapu vangangodaro vasina kumboputa kupfuura vanhu vanova nekenza yemapapu mushure mehupenyu.
- Chirwere cheLung Cancer: Inonyanya kurudzi rwemapapu emapapu muvechidiki mapapu adenocarcinoma , rudzi rwekasiri kemukirini yemukenza wemapapu, inotora makumi mapfumbamwe nezana makumi mapfumbamwe emakirini emapapu muvanhu vaduku. Pakati pevakuru vakwegura lung adenocarcinoma inowanikwa isingasviki 50 muzana yenguva.
- Molecular Profile: Vechidiki vose vane mutsa wemapapu vanofanira kuve nekuenzanisa kwemajini (kufungidzira kwemasero) yakaitwa. Vechidiki vechidiki vane mutsa wemapapu vanowanzove neEGFR mutation , kuchinja mutachiona chinowedzera mushure mokuberekwa uye nheyo dzeproteine inotungamirira "kukura nekupararira kwekenza. Zvidzidzo zvishomanana zvakawana kuchinja uku kuve kune vamwe vanenge 50 muzana yevechidiki vechidiki vachienzaniswa ne10 muzana yevanhu vasiri vakuru vekuAsia. (Vanhu vemadzinza eAsia vane huwandu hwakawanda hwekuchinja kweEGFR.) Ndinofara kuti vashoma vaitsvaga kurapwa ikozvino kwave kuwanikwa iyo inotarisana nekugadzirisa uku uye kunogona kukonzera kuponesa kwenguva refu -kusununguka kwevanhu vakawanda vane mamiriro ezvinhu aya. Kunewo mamwe maitiro ezvipembenene anoonekwa seowakanyanya kune vechidiki. Chidzidzo chevanhu vakuru vemazera makumi matatu nemakumi matatu kana makumi matatu nemasere nemapapu emapapu vakawana kuti EGFR mutations, pamwe nezvimwe zvinowanzogadziriswa kuchinja kwemajini, zvaive zvakapararira kupfuura kune vakwegura vakuru vane chirwere.
- Kukunda Muedzo: Dzidzo dzinosiyana, nedzimwe dzichiratidza kuponesa kwakanaka uye vamwe kuponeswa kwevarombo kupfuura varwere vakwegura. Muzhinji, pasinei nekuongororwa pane imwe nguva, varwere vaduku vanoita sevari nani kupfuura vakwegura vakwegura mukuongorora kwechangobva kuitwa.
- Kutsigira: Vechiduku vakuru havasi ivo voga, sezvo ani zvake wezera ripi zvaro anowanzosangana nehupombwe wekenza yemapapu . Kana mukomana wechidiki akawanikwa ane, anoti, leukemia kana kenza yemazamu, funga nezvemashoko okutanga angaitwa nomunhu. Pane kudaro, zvino funga mazwi okutanga vanhu vaduku vane kenza yemapapu vanowanzonzwa pavanosangana neshamwari uye vanozivana: "Wave utsi kwei kusvikira rini?" Kana kuti, "Handina kuziva kuti iwe unoputa!" Hazvirevi kuti izvi zvinorwadzisa zvevechidiki vangave vachinzwa vakasarudzwa nehutano hwavo pakutanga, asi vanowanzo "mhosva" nekuda kwechirwere chavo kana kuti vakambosvuta. Mumwe mupukunyamu wekenza wemapapu aiva nekudzoka kwakanaka apo paakabvunzwa mubvunzo uyu mushure mekusangana neumwe munhu mutsva. Akati, "Ndingadai ndaifanira kutanga kusvuta muchibereko."
Zvinyorwa zveVaduku Vakuru neLung Cancer
Zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa kune vechidiki vakuru vane mutsa wemapapu, uye vechidiki vaduku vane chero mararamiro emukenza. Vamwe vanhu vane kenza yemapapu vanosarudza mapoka emasangano ekutsigira uye anowanikwa kune vanhu chete vane kenza yemapapu. Chikonzero chacho hachisi nyore. Kana uri kutarisana nechikwata chemukati wemapapu emapapu 4 uye kutyisa kwehuwandu hwehupenyu, zvingava zvakaoma kuziva nemukadzi ane kenza yepabonde yekutanga-makore ane makore mashanu ekupona kwemazana anopfuura 90 muzana, uye ndiani anonyanya kunetseka nezvekumuchengetedza kubereka.
Mukuwedzera kumapoka ekutsigira uye makamuri ekukurukurirana, vamwe vakanakira vechirwere chemapapu emapapu vakatora nguva yekublocha pamusoro pekufamba kwavo-rwendo rungakubatsira kuti uchinzwe uri wega paunotanga rwendo rwako. Tarisa mabhuku aya, mazhinji ayo akanyorwa nevasara vaduku vane mhuri duku.
Chirongwa cheBannie J. Addario yemapapu chinonyatsotarisana nekusiyana kwemasero e molecule yemukenza wemapapu kune vechidiki vaduku uye zvinoda zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanopona mapapu. Kana iwe uri nemakore makumi mashanu kana kuti mudiki nemukenza wemapapu, iva nechokwadi chekubatana neSheyo.
Vechidiki vakawanda vane kenza yemapapu vakave vachibatanidzwa zvikuru nevanoshuwaridzana nevekugarisana nekenza yemukenza munharaunda. Rimwe nerimwe reChishanu manheru kune tweet chat inosanganisira vanhu vane mutapenza wemapapu, vatsigiri, vemhuri, vanyengeri, mazhirocheni, mavhipiti anonzi thoracic, vatsvakurudzi, nezvimwewo. Iyi ndiyo mukana unoshamisa wokutaura zvakananga nevezvenzvipi dziri kuenderera mberi mukupfupiswa kwekenza yemapapu. Kuti uwane ruwavo, shandisa ihthtag #LCSM iyo inomirira kenza yemapapu social media.
Uye kune vechidiki vaduku vane marudzi ose ekenza:
- Benzi reKenza: Inzwi reVaduku reChancer nderimwe nzvimbo inosangana paIndaneti pamwe nemunhu kuitira kuti vape vechidiki vane kenza. Kunewo mapenzi eEuropid Cancer radio show uyewo mukana wekutarisana chiso nechiso nevamwe vechidiki vane kenza inobva kumativi ose enyika pamusangano wegore negore uye musangano wekusangana.
Kubatsira kunobatsira vechidiki vane kenza:
- IWanman Cancer Fund yeVaduku Vakuru: Sangano iri, kunze kweimwe nzira dzekutsigirwa, rinopa rusununguko rwese-kune-rumwe rwendo rwekufamba kuti rubatsire kutarisa nyaya dzakawanda dzinorwara nekenza varwere, kuti vabatsire kuti hapana vechidiki vaduku chiso chekenza chete. Dzimwe nyaya dzinogona kusanganisira kunetseka kwekubereka, nzira yekudzoka kubasa kana kuchikoro mushure mokurapa, dzidzo yekoroji, rubatsiro rwemari, uye hutano nehupfumi.
- CancerCare: CancerCare inopa rubatsiro rwekutsigira sarudzo, mapoka ekutsigira (zvose-mumunhu uye paIndaneti,) rubatsiro rwemari, uye masangano ekudzidzisa anowanikwa kubva pafoni yako kana kombiyuta kune vanhu vanogara nekenza nemhuri dzavo.
Pasi Pepamusoro Pamarukirwo Emakumbo Muduku Vakuru
Kenza yemaperembudzi muvanhu vaduku vakuru, nenzira dzakawanda, chirwere chakasiyana. Vechidiki vangangodaro vasina kumbobvira vachengeta, vave nechinangwa chekuchinja mararamiro, uye kuti vaongororwe mune zvikamu zvekare zvechirwere mushure mokunge vasati vatariswa kwenguva yakareba.
Kusvikira munguva pfupi ichangopfuura, avo vakanga vari vaduku vane chirwere ichi vachinzwa vari voga uye vaibatwa nenzira imwecheteyo munhu akwegura ane chirwere ichi chaibatwa. Ndinofara, masangano akadai saBonnie J. Addario Lung Cancer Foundation ari maviri anobatsira kutsigira vechidiki vane chirwere ichi nekutsvakurudza ruzivo rwakakonzerwa nokunzwisisa zvakasiyana kusiyana kwechirwere ichi kune vechidiki vaduku.
> Sources:
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> National Cancer Institute. Kuongororwa, Epidemiology uye Kuguma Kwepurogiramu Program. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Chirwere uye Bronchus Cancer. http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/lungb.html
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