Kanzura Ngozi dzeHookah Kusvuta uye Zvimwe Utano Zvinonetseka

by Lynne Eldridge, MD; Yakadzokororwa na Grant Hughes, MD

Hookah, kana mvura inoputira fodya, ndiyo tsika yekare yeIndia iyo yakabatwa sechisungo chekugara muUnited States.

Kunyange zvazvo 1 mu 6 vakwegura vekuchikoro chesekondari vakaedza hookah, kusvika kusvika makumi mana kubva muzana yevadzidzi vekoroji vakawana chiitiko ichi chitsva; chiitiko chakatarisa hookah lounges pop up pedyo nemakoroji nemayunivhesiti ari kumhenderekedzo.

Iko kusanganiswa kwekutsvaga kusvuta fodya uye kuti hookah yakave ichinyorwa fodya pasi rose inobvunza mubvunzo uyu: "Ko hookah inogona kusvuta inokonzera kenza here?"

Chii Chinonzi Hookah?

Hookah isanganiswa nefodya, kazhinji chibereko-chakanaka, icho chinoputirwa nepombi yemvura. Chimwe chehavhah ine musoro kumusoro uye ndiro yemvura pasi, yakabatanidzwa nesimbi yesimbi. Mazimbe anoshandiswa kupisa fodya, iyo inozopfuura nepakati pemvura isati yapinda mumuromo kuti inyore.

Pane dzakawanda zvinyorwa zvehookah kana waterpipe smoking kusanganisira:

Shisha
Goza
Narghileh / nargile
Hubble bubble / hubbly bubbly

Sei Hookah Kusvuta Ndiko Kunetseka?

Sezvo hookah yakave yakakurumbira muUnited States (pamwe neUnited States, France, uye Middle East), kunzwisisa kwezvinogona kuitika zvinokonzera shure. Pakati pevechidiki vechidiki, zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti kusvika makumi matanhatu kubva muzana havafungi hookah kusvuta kuti ive nehungwaru hunobatanidzwa nekutsvuta fodya, uye vamwe havatombofungi kuti "kusvuta." Saka tsvakurudzo inotiudza chii?

Toxin uye Carcinogens

Maererano neCDC, hookah inosvuta inenge inotyisa sezvinoita utsi hwefodya.

Mvura iri mubhoyadhi haina kubudisa tsvina mufodya. Sezvo kune mazhinji emakemikari anokonzera kenza mumusvuta weutsi, kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokuvadza mu hookah utsi.

Chiongorori chekutarisa zvidzidzo zvakaitwa pakati pe1991 na2014 chakawana kuti hookah inopisa inosvika 27 inozivikanwa kana inofungidzirwa kuti inokonjeni.

Mamwe aya anosanganisira arsenic, cobalt, chromium, uye mutungamiri.

Izvo zvisingazivikanwi zvakanyanya ndezvokuti kuwedzera kwehupfu mu hookah kusvuta uye utsi hwefodya zvinogona kusiyana; mamwe majekitini anoitika munzvimbo dzakakwirira uye mamwe muhuwandu hwakadzika mu hookah kusvuta. Mienzaniso inosanganisira carbon monoxide (iyo inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira muhomweh kusvuta kupfuura utsi hwefodya uye inogona kuita kuti utano hwemwoyo huve) uye benzene uye yakakura mashekeri ekuremera polycyclic anonhuhwirira hydrocarbons (PAHs) ayo mazinga ari akakwirira muhookah kusvuta kupfuura utsi hwefodya. Kusiyana neizvi, zviyero zvefodya-inonzi nitrosamines chaiyo uye yakadzika mashekeri ekuyera PAH inogona kuva yakakwirira mumutsi hwefodya kupfuura pane hookah inopisa.

Zvikonzero Hookah Inogona Kuva Inotyisa Kupfuura Cigaretti

Chimwe chikonzero chokuti hookah inopisa ingave yakanyanyisa kudarika utsi hwefodya ndeyokuwanda kwehutsi hunoputika. Muchiitiko chinowanzoitwa "chikamu" chemvura inopisa fodya (inenge awa imwe chete), kukwidza mazana 200 kunoputirwa, zvichienderana nekunyepedzera kwema 20 kunowanzovharwa mukusvuta fodya imwe chete. Izvi zvinoshandura muchirongwa chehookah chinowanzoita kuti inha ye 90 000 ml yeutsi, inopesana ne 500 kusvika 600 ml yeutsi inoputirwa nefodya.

Hookah inewo mishonga yeupinyi isingawanikwi mumidzanga yekutsvuta.

Mazimbe anoshandiswa kupisa fodya mune bomba re hookah rinobudisa carbon monoxide nemamwe makemikari, uye chaizvoizvo, carbon monoxide mazinga muvanhu vanoratidzira hookah utsi zvakakwirira zvakanyanya kudarika avo vari vanhu vakaputirwa utsi hwefodya.

Vanhu vanowanzoita kuti hookah iputire mukati memapapu kupfuura utsi hwefodya. Panguva ino, hatizivi kana kuwanikwa uku kwakakosha, asi kunogona kubatsira kutarisa kuchinja kwekenza yemapapu mushure mekuwedzera kwezvinyorwa kune fodya. Pamberi pemidzanga yakanga ine filtere, utsi hwakanga husinganyunyuti zvakadzama uye hwakanga huchida kukonzera chirwere chemapapu chinonzi squamous cell carcinoma .

Mhando yemukenza wemapapu inowanikwa kakawanda mumigwagwa huru yemhepo inopinda mumapapu (bronchi) uye nekuda kweiyo nzvimbo, inowanzoonekwa kune imwe nzvimbo yapfuura yechirwere. Nekuwedzera kwezvifuta kune fodya, mapapu adenocarcinoma yakava akawandisa. Mhando iyi yemukenza wemapapu inowanzoitika mumhepo yemapapu, uye nekuda kweiyo nzvimbo, inowanzowanikwa muzvikamu zvekare zvechirwere.

Izvi ndezvokufungidzira, asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti tinoziva marcogogenzi anowanikwa muutsi hwefodya anowanikwawo mune hookah utsi, asi nzira yatinoona kuipa kunowanikwa pasi-mhirizhonga kana kenza-inogona kusiyana nezvatinoona zvino neine fodya fodya.

Mhedziso yekupedzisira pakati pemidzanga yekutsvuta uye hookah iri kutarisa zvirwere zvinotapukira. Kunyange zvazvo cigaretti kazhinji inopfungidzirwa yoga nemumwe munhu, pombi ye hookah inowanzogoverwa nevanhu vanoverengeka, sezvo "vachifamba-famba" pombi pa hookah lounge kana chiitiko chemusha. Mabhakitiriya kana mavairusi aripo mumiromo yevamwe hookah vanosvuta vanogona "kugoverana," kusanganisira microbes sezvinonzi oral herpes virus.

Sezvinyorwa zvekupedzisira, usanyengedzwa nekutengeserana kunoti hooka haina ganda. Iyo ndiyo nzira yekupisa (ine fodya) kana kupisa (ne hookah) iyo inoita tar. Kutaura zvazviri, hookah kusvuta kunogona kukonzera kukura kwepamusoro kune tar apo inopfungidzirwa kwenguva yakareba uye inoda kukura zvakasimba.

Ngozi yeCancer

Hookah vanosvuta vanogona kunge vari pangozi yemakirini akafanana anokonzerwa nekutsvuta fodya , nekuda kwekutengesa zvirwere zvakafanana, pamwe chete nedzimwe kenza zvine chokuita nekupisa kwemalahle uye muenzaniso wekuputira.

Pane humwe huchapupu hwakanaka hwekuti hookah kusvuta inogona kuwedzera njodzi ye:

Kansa yemaperembudzi - Mamwe mapepa anokonzera maperembudzi-anokonzera kenza mukati meutsi hwefodya anowanikwawo mune hookah inopisa.
Kenza Esophageal - Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakawana hookah kusvuta kuti ive chiitiko chekupararira kwekenza apo makemikari mumusvuta wefodya iyo inokonzerwa nekenza hoophgain inowanikwawo mune hookah kusvuta.
Kenza yemumuromo - Fodya inovhiringidza mavara mumuromo uye pamutsipa, uye sezvinoonekwa nevanhu vanochera fodya, zvinokonzera kutuka izvo zvinogona kukonzera kenza.
Kenza yemukondomu (Kansa yegastric) - Kuongorora kwemazuva ano kwakaratidza kushamwaridzana pakati pe hookah kusvuta uye chirwere chepamu, pamwe nekuwana zvakananga mukati momuviri wevashandi ve hookah.
Chirwere chechirwere - Epidemiological zvidzidzo dzinobatanidza hookah inopfungaira nekenza yeruzha. Izvi hazvishamisi kubvira muUnited States zvinonzwa kuti 50 muzana yekenza yekramha yevarume inokonzerwa nekutsvuta fodya.
Mucheche wepancreatic - Studies akacherechedza kuti vashandi ve hookah vane ngozi yakawanda yekuve nekenza yepancreatic. Isu tinozivawo kuti hookah kusvuta inowedzera njodzi yechirwere chirwere (periodontal chirwere) uye kuti chirwere chegum chichizivikanwa seicho chiitiko chikuru chekenza yepancreatic.
Zvichida leukemia - Benzene, chirwere chinonzi kancinogen chinozivikanwa chinoita kuti zvirwere zvinokonzerwa neropa zvakanyanya zvikuru myelogenous leukemia (AML) , iripo mu hookah utsi. Vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora 105 hookah vanosvuta uye 103 hookah vasina kusvuta vakaiswa pachena kuti hookah inopfungidzira kuenzanisa kuparara kwezvinhu zveBenene pamberi uye mushure mekunge zvabuda. Hookah vanosvuta vaiva nehupamhi 4.2 nguva yakapfuura mushure mekuputa mune hookah bar uye 1.9 zvakapfuura mushure mechiitiko chemusha. Zvinoshungurudza, mazinga akawedzerwawo 2.6 nguva muvhesi vasati vasvuta.

Icho chichiri kare kare kuti ndizive chaiyo kenza zvinokonzerwa ne hookah kusvuta, asi zvinoratidzika kuchenjera kushandisa izvo zvatinoziva pamusoro pefodya nekenza mukutaura nevechidiki vedu. Hatizivi nguva ye latency yekudzivirirwa hookah uye kukura kwekenza (nguva ye latency ndiyo nguva yakapfuura pakati pekusangana nekenza inokonzera kenza uye kukura kwekenza,) asi tinoziva kuti nguva yekushamba pakati peutsi hwefodya kusununguka uye kenza zvinogona kuva makumi emakore akawanda. Zvinogonawo kuti hookah inopisa, nekuda kwekuwedzera kana kuderera kwevamwe makemikari kupfuura utsi hwefodya, inobatsira kumarudzi kana maitiro ekenza asingawanzoonekwi neine fodya fodya.

Secondhand Hookah Smoke Risk

Pakave nekutsvakurudza kwakanyanya kuduku kunotarisa pamagumisiro echipiri che hookah kusvuta pavanoratidzika vasina kusvuta. Utsi hwehutachiona hwehutsika (ETS) kana utsi hwechipiri hunoreva kusanganiswa kwehuni huzhinji, utsi husina kunaka , uye utsi hunobudiswa nevasvuta.

Sezvo huwandu hwehutsanana uye hutachiona huri muutsi hwefodya hunowanikwa muhupfuh utsi, yakanaka yekutanga ndiyo kutarisa migumisiro yeutsi hwefodya hwevanhu vakwegura nevana. Asi, pane dzimwe nguva kungave nekusiyana. Utsi hwechipiri hunobva hooka hunogona kunge hwakasiyana nehutachiona hwechifodya hunobva kune fodya kubva kune fodya, nehuwandu hwekutsvaga hunoitwa noutsi hunobudiswa nemunhu anoputa. Zvose izvi zvakanaka kana zvakaipa ndeimwe mubvunzo.

Chidzidzo chekunyanya kwebheniene muvhiri vasiri vese vanoputira kune hookah tsvina inotaura (ona pasi pemubhedha wekumusoro). Izvi zvinorevawo kuti fodya-chaiyo yemapapu-carcinogen NNK (4- [methylnitrosamino] -1- [3-pyridyl] -1-butanone inowanikwa muzvikwata zvakakwirira mumakamuri evana vanobudiswa hookah vhiki nevhiki kana pamwedzi kusvuta.

Zvimwe Utano Zvimwe Zvakafanana neHookah Smoking

Kungofanana nekutsvuta fodya, kune dzakawanda zvimwe zvirwere zvehutano zvine chokuita ne hookah kusvuta izvo zvinopfuura kenza. Mimwe yeiyi inosanganisira chirwere chemwoyo, kuberekwa kusati kwapera, emphysema, nekushaya vana. Kusvikira taziva zvakawanda, zvingabatsira kufunga nezvatakanga tichiziva pamusoro pokusvuta fodya kusati kwava kunzi yakakurumbira, maererano nezvatinoziva nhasi.

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