Zvatakadzidza uye Maitiro Azvo Akafambira mberi Ongororo
Kubvira pamazuva ekutanga ehosha yeHIV, masayendisiti ave achiona vanhu vane HIV vane hutachiona vasina hutachiwana kuEIDS uye vakakwanisa kuchengetedza hutachiona hweCD4 uye zvisingakwanisi kuonekwa nezvehutachiona husina kutorwa, kazhinji kwemakumi emakore.
Mumakore akawanda apfuura, sezvo shanduro dzeHIV dzakatanga kufambisa mberi, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokurapa dzakaratidzika kunge dzakave nemafungiro akafanana (kana akafanana) kune vanhu vanozivikanwa nehutachiona hweHIV-kunyangwe sekunge "zvakajeka" utachiona zvachose kubva mumitumbi yavo.
Zvatakadzidza-uye tinoramba tichidzidza-kubva kune vanhu ava rimwe zuva rinogona kupa masayendisiti nemanzwisisiro anodiwa kuti adzore kupera kwe HIV kana kupedza zvachose HIV.
Heino mhedziso pfupi yemapoka kana vanhu avo "vakanyengedza" HIV uye vakabatsira kufambisa sciences dzeHIV mberi:
Stephen Crohn, "Munhu Asingagoni Kubata AIDS"
Stephen Crohn, uyo akatumidzwa kuti "Murume asingakwanisi kubata AIDS" nepepanhau reUnited Independent, akawanikwa ave ane analy anonzi "delta 32" kuchinja kweCCR5 receptors yeCD4 cells, kushanduka kwacho kunovhiringidza HIV inopinda muzvirwere zvemasimba omusununguko. Crohn akatanga kuonekwa naDkt Bill Paxton weAaron Diamond AIDS Research Centre muna 1996 mushure mekunge kuongororwa kwakaratidzwa hapana zviratidzo zvehutachiona pasinei nokuti wakava nevazhinji vanoita zvepabonde, avo vose vakafa neAIDS. Iko kushanduka kwave kuchionekwa munguva inopfuura 1% yevanhu.
Kuwanikwa kweiyo inonzi "CCR5-delta-32" kuchinja kwakakonzera kukura zvose CCR5 inhibitor-class drug drug Selzentry (maraviroc) , uye stem cell transplant nzira inoshandiswa ku "kurapa" mushonga weHIV Ray Ray Brown muna 2009 ( ona pasi apa ).
Akazvarwa muna 1946, Crohn akazviuraya musi waAugust 23, 2013, ava nemakore 66.
Timothy Ray Brown, "Murwere weBerlin"
Timothy Ray Brown, uyo anozivikanwawo se "Murwere weBerlin," ndiye munhu wokutanga anotenda kuti ave "achirapa" zveHIV.
Akaberekerwa muUnited States, Brown akapiwa fufuro rekupisa marora muna 2009 kuti arapwe chirwere chake chinokonzerwa neukemia. Vanachiremba paChristal Hospital muBerlin, Germany vakagadzira seni rekuisa masero nemakopi maviri eCCR5-delta-32 mutation, anozivikanwa kuti anopa kumira kweHIV. Kuongororwa kwemazuva ose kwakaitwa munguva pfupi mushure mokunge kuiswa kwekare kwakaratidza kuti ma antibodies eHIV akanga aderedzwa kusvika sekuratidza kupera zvachose kwehutachiona kubva muhutano hwake.
Kunyange zvazvo Brown achienderera mberi asingaratidze zviratidzo zveHIV, mbiri inotevera sermin cell transplants inotungamirirwa navanachiremba paBrigham nevakadzi veZvipatara vakakundikana kuwana zviitiko zvakafanana, pamwe chete nevarwere vane hutachiona hwemaronda mushure megumi nemwedzi gumi nemakumi matatu ekuongororwa kusingaoneki. Ava varwere vakanga vasati vashandurwa neDelta 32 kuchinja, zvisinei.
"Mupiro 45"
Muna 2010, murume muAfrica-AmaAmerica, anozivikanwa se "Anopa 45," akawanikwa aine simba rakasimba rekudzivirira HIV rinonzi anti-HIV rinonzi VRC01 nevatsvakurudzi veV Vaccine Research Center ye National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).
Chakanga chiri kunyanya kumanikidzira pamusoro pekuwanikwa kwaiva chekuti VRC01 inokwanisa kusunga ku 90% yehutachiona hwehutachiona hweHIV, nekudzivirira hutachiona hwehutachiona kunyange sezvo hutachiona hunochinja.
Pamusana pehutachiona hwakasiyana-siyana hweHIV , zvirwere zvakawanda zvinodzivirirwa hazvikwanise kuzadzisa huwandu hwemabasa.
Kuwanikwa kwaibatsira kutsvaga tsvakurudzo mukurudziro kwekudzivirira kuvhara maitiro evanhu , izvo zvingaita rimwe zuva kudzivirira kana kuderedza chirwere chekuwedzera kunze kwekushandisa ma antiretroviral drugs.
Kupfurikidza nekutsvakurudza mugore ra2011 kwakaratidza vanhu vaviri vane HIV vane HIV vane VRC01 yakafanana nemasimba.
The Visconti Cohort
MunaMuvhuro 2013, nyaya yemwana weMisissippi "inoporesa" yeHIV yakatora misoro yenyika. Mwana, akapiwa antiretroviral therapy panguva yekuzvarwa, akaudzwa kuti ave akacheneswa nehutachiona uye "akaporeswa" weHIV .
Kunyange zvazvo mwana aizopedzisira ava nehutachiona hwekushaya hutachiona muna 2014 , achitarisa zvitsva zvekurapa kwakadaro, pane zvakasarudzwa kuti pakutanga kupindira kwemishonga kunogona kubatsira kune nekudzivirira HIV kuti irege kuvanda mune dzakawanda zviduku zvemuviri.
Kuteerera pazvitsitsinho zvemhosva yevana vaMisissippi waiva mushumo unobva kuFrance umo 14 kubva kune makumi manomwe varwere muVisconti Purogiramu inoenderera mberi vakanzi vaikwanisa kuchengetedza zvizere mitoro yemishonga pasina kurapwa mushure mokunge varayirwa ma antiretroviral mukati memavhiki gumi ekutapukira.
Muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chezviitiko, kurapwa kwakamiswa nguva isati yasvika nemurwere. Pamwe 14 anokwanisa kuchengetedza hutachiona hwehutachiona hunoramba huripo (humwe hwemakore anopfuura manomwe), nhamba dzeCD4 dzinowedzera kubva pachiyero che500 kusvika ku 900 masero / mL apo hutachiona hutsika hwakaderera kubva pa500,000 kusvika pasi pemasero makumi mashanu / mL. Kuwedzera kutsvakurudza kuri kuitirwa kuti uone kana zvimwe zvikonzero, maitiro kana zvirological, zvakabatanidzwa pamigumisiro.
Kudzidza kwakabatsira kusimbisa nharo ye "test and treat" strategy, umo kurapwa kwekutanga kunogona kuwirirana nehutachiona hukuru hwekutonga. Kunyangwe kupindira kwepakutanga kunogona kuderedza kupararira-sekunge vamwe vakambotaura nevana vaMisissippi mhosva-inoramba ichinetseka. Zvizhinji zviremera zviriko zvino zvinoreva kuti "kusimbiswa kwekuregererwa" ndiyo nguva yakakodzera, zvichipiwa zvipingamupinyi mumatambudziko ekutanga "kurapa maitiro".
ChiFrench Chirwere chinoshamisa cheAIDS Chiyeuchidzo
MunaJuly 2015, masayendisiti eFrance akazivisazve nyaya yekutapurirwa kweHIV, uye iye zvino mumusikana ane makore gumi nemasere, akwanisa kuchengetedza hutachiona hwemakore gumi nemaviri pasina antiretroviral therapy. Kufanana nevana vaMisissippi vasati vasvika, mucheche wacho akapiwa chirongwa chekubatanidza panguva yekuzvarwa, iyo yaakagadzwa pamusoro pemakore mashanu-kazhinji ane zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwepachirwere nekuda kwehutachiwana hutachiona hweHIV.
Mugore rechishanu, vabereki vake vakamubvisa kubva purogiramu yekutsvakurudza ndokugumisa utachiona zvachose. Apo vakadzoka gore gare gare, ivo nevatsvakurudzi vakashamiswa kuona kuti mwana wacho ane chirwere chisingaoneki chetachiona, chimwe chinhu musikana akakwanisa kuchengetedza kubva ipapo.
Ongororo yekusangana ichava nechinangwa chekuziva nzira, maitiro kana zvimwewo, zvekutonga kwakadaro muvechidiki vechiFrench nevamwe vakuru vayo muVisconti cohort.
Sources:
Hütter, G ;; Nowak, D .; Mossner, M .; et al. "Kwenguva refu Kudzora kweHIV neCCR5 Delta32 / Delta32 Stem-Cell Transplantation." New England Journal of Medicine. February 12, 2009; 360: 692-698.
Zhang, Z ;; Wu, X .; Longo, N .; et al. "Izvo zvakadzama Zvichienzaniswa neshanduro yakareba yeVRC01-like antibody inopindurwa mumunhu ane chirwere chisingaperi." Retrovirology. Svondo 13, 2012; 9 (2): O36.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). "'Mississippi Baby' zvino yava kuona HIV, vatsvakurudzi vanowana." SayenziDaily. July 10, 2014.
Sáez-Cirión, A .; Bacchus, C ;; Hocqueloux, L .; et al. "Vatungamiri vePo-Treatment HIV-1 vane Kushandurwa Kwemazuva Ekupedzisira Mushure mekuvhiringidzwa kweAt early Antiretroviral Therapy ANRS VISCONTI Yokudzidza." PLoS Pathology. March 14, 2013; 0 (3): e1003211.
Frange, P .; Faye, A .; Avettand-Fenoëll, et al. "Kukanganiswa kweHIV-1 kwechirwere kwemakore anopfuura 11 mushure mekuperevedzwa kwekutanga kutanga antiretroviral therapy mumwana ane utachiona hunoparara." 8th IAS Hurukuro pamusoro peHIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention; July 20, 2015; Vancouver, British Columbia; nyanzvi yemuromo MOAA0105LB.