Kuwana Kuwana Kunoita Nzira Yokuregererwa Kwenguva refu
Chirwere chebasa chinoratidza hutachiona hwehutachiwana hweHIV hunogona kuchengetwa pasina chekushandisa mishonga isingagumi. Sezvinopesana nemushonga unoita sterilizing , umo HIV inogona kubviswa zvachose kubva mumuviri, chirwere chinoshanda chinoshanda zvikuru pamiganhu yekuregererwa umo hutachiona hahukwanisi kukonzera chirwere kunyange kana maitiro ehutachiwana achiripo.
Pakava nekushingaira kukuru uye zvinopesana nekukakavara kwakapoteredza tarisiro yekurapa kwakashanda. Françoise Barré-Sinoussi , uyo akabatana neHIV, akataura muna 2013 kuti anonyatsotenda kuti mushonga wakadaro ungawanikwa "mukati memakore makumi matatu anotevera." Kusiyana neizvi, Robert Gallo (anonziwo nokuwana HIV) anofunga kuti pfungwa yacho haina kukanganisa uye inotenda kuti zvikamu zvepfungwa yacho "hazvikwanisi kushanda."
Kurapa Kushanda Kunoshanda Kunobatsira Sei
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinotarisana nematambudziko anotarisana nevatsvakurudzi zvave masero uye maviri emumuviri (anonzi mavhenekeri ekudzivirira ) apo HIV inogona kuramba iripo kunyange chiso chekuzara kwechirwere. Hakavanzwa mukati mezvivigiro zvemajeri ndiro genetic code yeHIV, iyo iyo maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri asingagoni kuona.
Sezvo utachiona huri kunyatsotsanangura-asi huri kutakurwa pamwe chete sezvinoitwa nejeri rinoshandiswa-rinonyanya kusabatwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya (sezvo zvirwere zvinoshandiswa nemishonga inorambidza maitiro kuburikidza nekuvhiringidza danho mumararamiro ehutachiona, uye kwete mumiririri).
Kune mienzaniso yakawanda iri kuongororwa kutarisa iyi:
- Purge the latent reservoirs. Vamwe masayendisiti vakaratidza kuti, kuburikidza nekusimudzira matanda, HIV inogona kugadziriswa uye yakasunungurwa kubva munzvimbo dzayo dzakavanzika. Kuita izvi kunobvumira zvirongwa zveART uye zvimwe zvekudzivirira hutachiona hutachiona huchangobva kucheneswa, urongwa hunozivikanwa se "kurova-kuuraya." Mishonga yakawanda ine kukwanisa kubvisa zvidzidzo izvi zvinokosha asi kusvika zvino, zvishoma. Zvitsva zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvinotarisirwa kuti zvivandudzike pamigumisiro iyi.
- Ita kuti muviri uve ne "killer" antibodies. Iko kune maitiro e-immune proteins, anonzi antibodies, ayo anogadzirwa nemuviri mukupindura kwehutachiona. Mimwe yeiyi inokwanisa kukonzera HIV. Dambudziko nderokuti HIV inotama nekukurumidza zvokuti hakuna kumbove yakakura zvakasiyana siyana zve "killer" antibodies kuti irege kupedza matambudziko ose. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, musayendisiti akawana kuti vamwe, vashoma vashoma vanoziva zvakanyanya kuvhara maitiro (BnAbs) anokwanisa kuuraya huwandu hwakawanda hwekuchinja kweHIV. Masayendisiti ari kutsvaga nzira dzekusimudzira maitiro aya anowanzoitika, iyo nzira iyo inogona kubatsira kuzadzisa chipikirwa che "kick-kill"
Uchapupu Mukutsigira Kushanda Kunoshanda
Kunyange zvazvo kutsvakurudza mune chirwere chinoshanda chave chiri patafura kwemakore, zviitiko zvitatu zvakajeka zvakapa hwaro hwehutano-hwe-pfungwa.
Mukuru pakati pavo murwere mumwechete anotenda kuti "akaporeswa" weHIV muna 2009. Timothy Brown (Mutevedzeri weBerlin) aiva neAIDS ane hutachiwana hweHIV aigara muBerlin uyo akapiwa kuongororwa kwemapfupa ekutora marrow kuti aite chirwere chake chinokonzerwa neukemia. Vanachiremba vakasarudza stem muchengeti wezvipi nemakopi maviri eine genetic mutation ainzi CCR5-delta-32, anozivikanwa kuti arwise HIV mune vanhu vashoma vashoma .
Kose kuongororwa kwakaitwa munguva pfupi mushure mokunge kuwedzerwa kwakaratidzwa kuti ma antibodies eHIV muropa raBruwn akanga azvidzika kusvika kumatanho akadaro okuratidza kupera zvachose kwehutachiona. Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti hakuna humwe hutachiona hweHIV mune chero mavara eBrown, achitsigira zvirevo zvekuti murume uyu, zvechokwadi, akaporesa. Kunyange zvazvo njodzi yekufa inofungidzirwa kuti yakakwirira kwazvo kuti iongorore mapfupa emapfupa echinyakare senzira yekurapa, nyaya yacho inopa uchapupu hwokuti mushonga, zvechokwadi, unogona.
Zvichakadaro, mamwe masayendisiti ave achitsvakurudza mazamu anoedza kuti ave nekwanisi yekudzivirira hutachiwana kubva mune zvidzidzo zvadzo.
Imwe yezvidzidzo zvokutanga, yakadzidziswa kuYunivhesiti yeNorth Carolina muna 2009 yakaratidza kuti boka remishonga rinonzi histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor rinogona kugadzirisa hutachiwana hweHIV mumatunhu anonzi akachengeteka uye anonzwisisika.
Kunyange zvazvo zvidzidzo zvinotevera zvakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kwemwe mujeri weHCDAC kunogona kungoita kuti kuve nekugadzirisa zvishoma, pane humwe humwe uchapupu hunoratidza kuti kuwirirana kweHacac therapy kana kuti mapoka matsva emishonga inopesana nekenza (inonzi ingenol makemikari) inogona kukonzera zvakakwana HIV yakabatana kubva pane yakavanzika matangi.
Nzira Pamberi
Sezvo chivimbiso sekutsvakurudza kose kunogona kuonekwa, vanomutsa mibvunzo yakawanda sezvavanoita mhinduro. Mukuru pakati pavo:
- Ichachenesa hutachiwana hweHIV kubva munzvimbo dzayo dzinokwana kuve nechokwadi kuti hutachiona hahugadzirizve matangi emamwechete (kana mamwe) masero?
- Izvo zvakakosha zvakadini kuparadzanisa kushandiswa kwezvirwere kunenge kune mushonga unoshanda wakapiwa kuti kukurudzirwa kwechirwere chimwechete chechimiro ichi chidzidzo chetoriko pane zvakanakisisa?
- Ndezvipi zvingaita kuti isu tive kuti hutachiona hwekushaya hupenyu huchazoitika sezvakange hwaitika pamwe nemhosva yevana vaMisissippi uye zvimwe zvakakundikana kuedza?
Nepo isu tichiita seyo nzira yakarurama, zvakakosha kuongorora tsvakurudzo nekuchengetedza tariro. Kunyange semasayendisiti achiri kuramba achizarura zvakavanzika zvakapoteredza HIV, hapana chimwe chekufambira mberi uku chinoratidza kuti mitemo ine chokuita nekudzivirira uye kurapwa kweHIV yakashanduka.
Kana chimwe chinhu, chakapiwa uchapupu hwokuti kutanga nekuziva nekupindira kwakakosha pakurapa, zvakakosha zvekuramba takangwarira, zvichida, zvakakosha kudarika kare.
Sources:
> Hütter, G .; Nowak, D .; Mossner, M .; et al. "Kwenguva refu Kudzora kweHIV neCCR5 Delta32 / Delta32 Stem-Cell Transplantation." New England Journal of Medicine. February 12, 2009; 360: 692-698.
> Archim, N .; Espeseth, A .; Margolis, D .; et al. "Kurondedzera kweHIV yakapedzisira yakagadziriswa neHIVAC Inhibitor Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid." AID Ongororo yevanhu Retroviruses. February 2009; 25 (2): 207-212.
> Sáez-Cirión, A .; Bacchus, C ;; Hocqueloux, L .; et al. "Vatungamiri vePo-Treatment HIV-1 vane Kushandurwa Kwemazuva Ekupedzisira Mushure mekuvhiringidzwa kweAt early Antiretroviral Therapy ANRS VISCONTI Yokudzidza." PLoS Pathology. March 14, 2013; 0 (3): e1003211.
> Jiang, G .; Mendes, E .; Kaiser, P .; et al. "Synergistic Reactivation of Latent HIV Zviratidzo neIngenol-3-Angelate, PEP005, Yakarongedzerwa NF-kB Kuenzanisa Mukusanganiswa neJQ1 Yakapiwa p-TEFb Kuita." PLoS Pathogens. July 30 2015; DOI: 10.1371 / redhi.ppat.1005066.