Zvose Pamusana Maseko Asingaiti Madiki Makumbo Anokonzera
Chero-duku mukenza wemapapu emapapu ndiyo inowanzojairika yemukenza wemapapu, kuenzanisa makumi mapfumbamwe nezana makumi matatu emakumbo aya. Ndezvipi zviratidzo, maitiro, uye zvinokonzera, uye izvi zvinofanira kupiwa sei? Chii chinofanirwa nemunhu wose ane kenza kaduku kadiki kemapapu?
Overview
Chero-duku kenza yemapapu emapapu ndiyo inowanzojairika yemukenza wemapapu, uye rudzi rwemapapu emapapu anowanzowanikwa kuvakadzi, vasati vasvuta, uye vechidiki vaduku.
Iyo haina kupararira nekukurumidza sekenza duku yemukenza yemapapu asi ichiri kuwanzoongororwa kana iri pakakwirira. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kunyange zvazvo chirwere chemukati chemapapu chemapapu chisati chasakara, chinogona kurapwa. Pakave nekufambira mberi kwezvino munguva yekurapa kwemukenza wemapapu, uye kurarama kwehuwandu huri kuwedzera kune zvikamu zvose zvechirwere.
Inouya sechishamiso kune vanhu vazhinji avo vasina kumbobvira vatsuta vanogona uye vanoita kanha yemapapu. Muzvokwadi, ruzhinji rwevanhu vanovandudza kemukirini isiri duku remapapu emapapu nhasi haisi kusvuta - ivo vangave vaimboputa kana kusamboputa. Mumwe muvakadzi vashanu vanova nekenza yemapapu havana kumbobvira vasvuta. Uye kana kenza yemapapu ichiderera kune vanhu vakwegura uye nevarume, iri kuwedzera kune vechidiki vechidiki, kunyanya vaduku, vasingamboiti kusvuta vakadzi.
Aina
Kune 3 mhando dzepamusoro dzisina mutsara wemukenza wemapapu emapapu. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
Adenocarcinoma
Adenocarcinoma ndiyo inowanzozivikanwa yekuti kwete-duku masero emukenza mapepa ekuenzanisa kwepamusoro kusvika 50 muzana yemhosva muUnited States.
Pamusana pekidiki kemukirini yemapapu emapapu, ichi ndicho chironda chinowanzowanikwa kune vechidiki vechidiki, vakadzi, uye vanhu vasina kumbobvira vasvuta. Chiremera chinonzi adenocarcinoma chinowanzotanga munzvimbo dzekunze dzemapapu, uye zvinogona kukura zvakakura zvisati zvaonekwa. Sezvo maronda aya kazhinji ari kure nemhepo, maitiro anowanzozivikanwa sekukanganiswa haawanzoitiki.
Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvinowanzonyengera, nekupfupika kwefema nemabasa, uye pfungwa yakawanda yehutano.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma yeMapungira
Squamous cell carcinoma yemapapu yakashandiswa kuva yakajairika asi ikozvino inowanzoita anenge 30 muzana yemaserini esiri duku emapapu muUnited States. Inowanzotanga mumabhandi echirwere, mukati memapapu, uye inowanikwa mushure mekunge vanhu vachikura nekukanganiswa kusingaperi, kufukura ropa, kana kuwedzera zvirwere zvinopfurikidza nekuputika kwemhepo.) Zvakafungidzirwa kuti fodya yakasvibiswa zvakakonzera kuderera kwekenza yemukenza yemapapu uye kuti adenocarcinoma inowanzova yakawanda iye zvino sezvo inongo inopinza mukati mumapapu.
Makuru eSini Carcinoma yeMakungu
Makore makuru emakondomu mapapiro emakwenzi haana kufanana, achienzanisa kusvika kuzana 10 muzana yekasi-duku kemukari emapapu emapupa muUnited States. Zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dziri kunze dzemapapu uye dzinowedzera kukura nokukurumidza.
Zviratidzo
Zvakakosha kuti uzive zviratidzo zvekenza isiri duku yemapapu emapapu. Kenza yemaperembudzi CT kuongorora kunowanikwa kune vamwe vakamboputa, asi vazhinji vevanhu vanoda kuvimba nekuziva zviratidzo kuti vawane chirwere mumatunhu ekutanga.
Zviratidzo zvekusava duku kwekenza yemukenza yemapapu zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Chirwere chinopfuurira
- Kuchema ropa
- Kupfupika kwemhepo, kunyanya nebasa
- Wheezing
- Hoarseness
- Kudzokorora kupfurikidza kwezvirwere zvakadai sepneumonia kana bronchitis
- Kusagadzika kushaya kurasikirwa
Kuziva
Kuongororwa kwekasaiti kemukirini yemapapu yemapapu kunogona kuva kwakaoma, uye hazvisi zvisizvo kuti vanhu vatange kunyatsozivikanwa nezvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai sehmhma. Heano zvimwe zvekuedza uye nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa mukutsvaga uye kugadzirwa kwemukenza wemapapu .
Staging
Chero-duku kemukirini yemapapu yemapapu yakaputsika muzvikamu zvina, zvichienderana nehukuru hwechirwere uye kuti yakareba zvakadini.
Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pematanho emusana wemukenza wemapapu asiri muduku uye TNM chirongwa chekugadzirisa kenza yemapapu , kana kudzidza zvakawanda nezvezvikamu zvakananga mune zvinyorwa izvi:
Zvinokonzera
Kusvuta zvirokwazvo ndechimwe chezvikonzero zvinokonzera kenza isiri duku yemapapu, asi kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvinokosha zvakare. Kuona radhidon mudzimba dzedu ndicho chechipiri chinokonzera kukonzera kwemapapu emapapu uye nhamba imwecheteyo kune vanhu vasina kumbobvira vatsva. Kana iwe usati wamboedza imba yako ye radhioni, ita saizvozvo nhasi. Vamwe vanhu vanogonawo kuva nehutano hwepabonde kumapapu emapapu , uye zvinoshamisa kuti kana mumwe munhu ane chizvarwa chepakutanga nekenza yemapapu - amai, baba, hama, kana mwana - ngozi yavo yekenza yemapapu kaviri. Tarisa aya anozivikanwe uyewo akadukusa anozivikanwa zvinokonzerwa nekenza yemapapu .
Mishonga
Mishonga yemukenza wemapapu inoputswa nepakati. Mishonga yose inogona kuputsika kusvika mumarudzi maviri. Mishonga yemunharaunda inobata kenza iyo inotanga uye inosanganisira chirwere uye chirwere chemaawa. Mishonga inoshandiswa inoshandiswa yakawanda inogadzirisa kenza kune ipi neipi iyo inenge iri mumuviri uye inosanganisira chemotherapy, inotarisirwa kurapwa, uye immunotherapy. Vanhu vazhinji vane kenza yemapapu vanogamuchira mishonga pamwe nemhando idzi dzechirwere. Mishonga inogona kuitika inogona kusanganisira:
Kuvhiya - Kuvhiya kwemukenza wemapapu dzimwe nguva kunopa mukana wekurapa mukutangira kwechirwere ichi. Mukuwedzera, mamwe maronda anowedzera zvakanyanya pakuvhiya anogona kuderera mushure memakemikrasi kana remishonga inonzi radiation kusvika pane imwe nzira iyo chirwere chinogona kuitwa. Zvinofadza kuti, kurapwa kuri kuwedzera kunyange kune avo vane kenza yemapapu isingagoni.
Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy inogona kuitwa nokuda kwekenza yemapapu yakapararira, kana se "adjunctive" kurapwa kwevanhu vanovhiyiwa.
Radiation therapy - Radiation therapy inogona kuitwa pamwe chete ne chemotherapy, uye inogona kuitwa mushure mekunge kana chirwere chemapapu chemapapu. Imwe nzira yeradio inonzi radiation therapy (stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) inogona kushandiswa mukuedza kuporesa kenza yemapapu mune varwere vasingakwanisi kuvhiyiwa nokuda kwekenza inogona kuuraya.
Targeted therapies - Targeted therapies zvinodhaka zvinotarisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemajeni mukenza masero anokonzera kukura kwemamota. Iyi nzvimbo yekurapa inowedzera nokukurumidza, pamwe nemishonga inogamuchirwa inoshandiswa kune avo vane mutsauko weEGFR, rearrangements ALK, rearrangements yeROS1 , uyewo zvimwe zvinogadziriswa nemakiriniki.
Immunotherapy - Immunotherapy inzira inonakidza yekutarisa kumapapu emapapu , uye ine mishonga yekutanga mune izvi yakagamuchirwa muna 2015. Mishonga iyi inoshanda nekubatsira isu masimba ezvirwere tichicherechedza nekurwisa masero emukenza.
Mishonga yemakliniki - Maererano neNational Cancer Institute, munhu wese ane kechidiki chekenza yemapapu yemapapu anofanirwa kufunga nezvekubatanidzwa mumakiriniki ekuedza. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvekuwana makiriniki ekuedzwa kwemukenza wemapapu .
Prognosis
Kune nhamba dzinotaura pamusoro pe "chiyero" hutariro hwehupenyu nematanho akasiyana emukenza wemapapu, asi zvakakosha kuziva kuti idzi nhamba - kwete vanhu. Munhu wose akasiyana uye anopindura zvakasiyana nenzira yekurapa. Mukuwedzera, nhamba idzi hazvirevi kunyatsogadzirira kuti munhu angaita sei zvakadaro. Nhamba iyi ndiyo imwe nzira yekuti mumwe munhu akaita sei munguva yakapfuura nemishonga yaiwanikwa panguva iyoyo. Nyaya ndeyekuti pane zvimwe zvirongwa zvitsva zvinogamuchirwa nemukenza wemapapu munguva iyo kubva muna 2011 kusvika 2015, kupfuura panguva yemakore makumi mana apfuura gore ra2011. Nemamwe mashoko, nhamba dzinokurukura kuti mumwe munhu akararama nekenza yemapapu muna 2010 angangodaro asingatauri kuti mumwe munhu achaita nhasi.
Kutsigira uye Kukunda
Kana iwe uchangobva kuongororwa nemukenza wemapapu, unenge uchinzwa uchitya uye uchinetseka. Tarisa mazano aya pamatanho ekutanga kutora mushure memaperembudzi emapapu kuongororwa .
Kutsvakurudza kunotitaurira kuti kudzidza zvakawanda sezvaunokwanisa pamusoro pemukenza wako kunogona kukubatsira kuti utsungirire mamiriro ako ezvinhu zviri nani, uye ungatobatsira nemigumisiro. Tora nguva yekudzidza nezvenzira yekuwana ruzivo rwakanaka rwekenza paIndaneti . Kushamwaridzana nemunharaunda kunewo zvikomborero zvakawanda, sezvaunokwanisa kuungana nevamwe vanotarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana, uyewo kudzidza izvo zvavakadzidza munzira. Tarisa aya mapoka ekutsigira kuIndaneti uye masangano ekutsigira .
Kana Mudiwa Wako Akave Akaongororwa Nechirwere Chechirwere
Hapana munhu anotarisana nekenza muga woga, uye vamwe vanhu vane chirwere chemapapu vakanditaurira kuti vanofunga kuti zvakaoma kune vadiwa vavo. Mukuwedzera kune kutya, iwe unganzwa usina chaunobatsira zvachose. Tarisa nyaya iyi apo apo mudiwa wako ane kenza yemapapu kudzidza nezvevamwe vanhu vane chirwere chemapapu vanoda kuti vadiwa vavo vazive. Kunyange zvazvo zvichidikanwa mushure mekuongororwa kwehupenyu kutarisa kune waunoda, iva nechokwadi chokuti uzvichengete iwe semuchengeti wekenza. Kurwisana nemukenza wemapapu ndiyo marathon, kwete sprint.
Zvidzidzo:
American Cancer Society. Chirwere Chechirwere (Chero Isina-Small Cell. 04/30/2014. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-survival-rates
National Institute of Health. Medline Plus. Lung Cancer. Kuvandudzwa 08/08/16. https://medlineplus.gov/lungcancer.html
College of American Pathologists. Lung Cancer. Lung Adenocarcinoma. Yakasvika 10/30/12. http://www.cap.org/apps/docs/reference/myBiopsy/lung_adenocarcinoma.html.