Apo vazhinji vanofunga nezvekusingaperi kunoparadza chirwere cheplmm (COPD), vanofunga nezvayo sehosha yevanhu. Asi, sezvo kupararira kweCOPD kuvakadzi kuwedzera, zvakakosha kuongorora kusiyana kwehutano muCOPD. Hezvino izvo zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro pekuti COPD inobata sei vakadzi zvakasiyana nevarume.
Nhasi, vakadzi vakawanda kupfuura vanhu vanofa kubva kuCOPD
Pfungwa yokuti COPD chirwere chinonyanya kuve nevarume kufunganya nezvake pakutanga chaitsigirwa nenhamba muna 1959 apo nhamba yevarume ichienzaniswa nevakadzi vakafa kubva muchirwere kwaiva nemashanu kubva kune imwe.
Zvisinei, nhamba yevakadzi vanofa kubva kuCOPD pakati pe1998 na1999 yakawedzera ne 382 muzana, asi pavarume, paingova ne 27% chete inowedzera. Gore ra2000 rakaratidza gore rokutanga iro vakadzi vakawanda kupfuura varume vakafa kubva kuCOPD, uye izvozvo zvakaenderera mberi.
Zviratidzo Zvinotsanangurwa Kune Vakadzi
Chiratidzo chezviratidzo zveCOPD chinosanganisira dyspnea, chikofu chisingaperi , uye kugadzirwa kweputum . Nyanzvi dzave ichangobva kuona kuti migumisiro yeCOPD kuvakadzi yakanyanya kukuvadza kupfuura ivo vari varume. Vakadzi vane mikana yekuwana zviratidzo zvinotevera:
- Kupera kwakanyanya kwemhepo
- Kunyanya kunetseka uye kuora mwoyo
- Nhamba yezasi yehupenyu
- Kuwedzera kwemhepo inopesana nehupfumi
- Basa rakaipa rinoshanda
Uyezve, vakadzi vanowanzowedzera kuwedzera kupfuura varume uye vari pangozi huru yekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri .
Maonero ehurume muCOPD Kuziva
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti vanachiremba vanowanzopa COPD kuongororwa kune murume wechiremera kwete pane mukadzi, kunyange kana varwere vane zviratidzo zvakafanana.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti panogona kuva nehutano hwepabonde kana zvasvika pakuita COPD kuongororwa. Uyezve, vakadzi havanawo mikana yekupiwa chirongwa che spirometry kana kutumirwa kunyanzvi.
Pane imwe nguva vanachiremba vakagamuchira michero yakaipa ye spirometry, zvisinei, kukanganisa uku kwechikadzi kunoratidzika kunopera. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kuongorora kwema spirometry kwakakosha kune vose varume nevakadzi vanowanikwa vari pangozi yeCOPD.
Vakadzi Vanowanzoshushikana neFodya yeMigumisiro Yechipfuva
Pane humwe huri kukura huripo hwekuti vakadzi vanowanzove nekuderedza kukuru mumapapu ekushanda pamakero akaenzana okusvuta kupfuura varume. Izvi zvingave nokuti mapapu emadzimai kazhinji ari maduku, saka mapapu angangodaro akazarurirwa kune huwandu hwakawanda hweutsi hwefodya, kunyange apo vakadzi vari kusvuta nhamba imwechete yefodya sevarume.
Zvimwe zvinogona kutsanangurwa zvevakadzi vari kunyanya kunetseka nemigumisiro yeutsi hwefodya dzinosanganisira:
- Zvinogona kuitika pasi pekubika kwefodya pakati pevakadzi
- Chimiro chezvakaberekwa zvemapapu emapapu kubva kune kusvuta izvo ndezvimwe zvepabonde
- Nhamba dzehusi hwehusi hwehutu hunoshandiswa
- Kusiyanisa mumidziyo yefodya
- Hormonal nemigumisiro yekuvandudzwa kwemapapu uye ukuru hwemhepo
- Kusiyanisa nenzira iyo vakadzi vanoshandisa utsi hweutsi
"Asi Handina Kumbosvuta!"
Vanenge 15 kubva muzana yevanhu vose vanoonekwa kuti vane COPD havana kumbobvira vasvuta . Zvinonzwisisika, kubva muboka iri, inenge 80 muzana ndeyevakadzi, vachiratidza kuti vakadzi vangave vari pangozi yezvipingamupinyi izvo zvinosanganiswa neCOPD zvisingabatanidzi kusvuta.
Kusvuta Kuchema: A Primary Primary Treatment Goal
Kupera kusvuta kunoramba kuripo kunonyanya kukosha uye kupindira kunobatsira kune wese ane COPD, pasinei nehutano.
Inonyanya kubatsira vakadzi.
Muedzo we spirometry unoderedza chimwe chinhu chinonzi FEV1 (kumanikidzirwa kupera simba mumutsara mumwe). Icho chinonyanya kukosha kwemhepo yaunogona kubudisa kubva kumapapu zvakasimba mune imwe yechipiri. Vakadzi vane COPD vanorega kusvuta vanowanzokuratidza kuwedzera kwevhidhiyo muFiV1 mugore rimwechete iro rinowanikwa ka2,5 nguva huru kupfuura kubudirira kunoonekwa mumarume. Izvi zvinoreva kuti basa remapapu rinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kuvakadzi kupfuura varume mugore rokutanga mushure mokurega kusvuta. Zvisinei, kumwe kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti varume vanoratidzira zviratidzo zvakakura kukura mushure mokurega kusvuta kupfuura vakadzi.
Inofanira Kurapa Mikana Yevakadzi Ive Yakasiyana Here?
Ikozvino mazano eCOPD haafaniri kutaurira maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekurapa kwevarume nevakadzi, kunyange zvichiita kuti tsika iyi ichishandurwa sezvo kutsvakurudza kuri mberi. Kana iwe uri mukadzi ane COPD, zvisinei, kune mamwe maitiro ekurapa waunofanira kuziva.
- Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS): Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa mukurapa kweCOPD kudzivirira COPD kuwedzera kune avo vane COPD yakaoma (uye vakadzi vanowanzove vane COPD yakaoma). Vakadzi vanoshandisa ICS vanofanira kuziva kuti vanogona kuderedza masimba emapfupa uye kuwedzera njodzi yeasteoporosis uye kuputika kwechiuno. Sezvo vakadzi vatove vari pangozi yakawanda yehutano hwevarwere kupfuura varume, vakadzi vanoshandisa ICS vanofanirawo kutaura nachiremba wavo nezvekutora calcium uye vitamini D zvinowedzera, kutora bisphosphonates , uye kuva nemasimba avo ekucherechedza. Uyewo, chengeta izvi mupfungwa: Kana uchirega ICS, vakadzi vanogona kuva nehupamhi hwepamusoro hwekuporesa kupfuvura kupfuura varume. Kana uri kuronga kumira kushandisa ICS yako, taura nachiremba wako kutanga kuti ukurukure zvaunogona kuita.
- Miridzo Inonzi Dose Inhalers (MDIs): Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vakadzi vanowanzoshandisa zvakashata MDI kupfuura varume. Kana iwe uri mukadzi anoshandisa MDI, iva nechokwadi chokuti unoziva kuti ungashandisa sei zvakanaka.
- Oxygen therapy : Mhando iyi yekurapa inokurudzirwa kune vamwe varwere vane uwandu hwehutomu hwemhepo. Chimwe chidzidzo chinoratidza kuti vakadzi vanorapwa nehutano kwenguva refu yeiyojini vane zvirwere zvakanyanya kupfuvura kupfuura varume. Taura nechiremba wako kuti uwane mamwe mashoko.
- Maitiro ehupenyu: Muna 2005 CHEST kudzidza, vakadzi vaiwanzova nechezasi muviri mass index (BMI) kupfuura varume. Nokuda kwehutano hwako hwose, zvinowanzokurudzirwa kuchengetedza uremu hwako mu "mararamiro" akaenzana kubva 18.5 kusvika ku 24.9. Asi kana iwe une COPD uye BMI yako iri pasi pe21, kufa kunowedzera, saka zvakakosha kutarisa nhamba iyi uye zvichida kuwedzera makoriki kune kudya kwako kana iwe ukaona kuti BMI yako iri kupera pasi pe21.
> Sources:
> Cote CG, Chapman KR. Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwevakadzi neCOPD. 2009.
> Han, et al. Gender uye Zvirwere Zvisingagumi Zvirwere zvepulmonary: Nei Zvine Basa. 2007.