Zvakanakira Kudzidza uye Kutaura Kupfuura Mutauro Mumwechete
Bilingualism ine zvikomborero zvizhinji, kusanganisira mukana wokutaura kune dzimwe tsika. Zvisinei, kumwe kutsvakurudza kwakaona kuti kutaura mutauro mumwe chete kune zvakanakira zvinopfuura kupfuura kutaura. Kuva nemitauro miviri kwakabatanidzwa neukopi huri nani hwehuropi uye huwandu hunopera hwekuora mwoyo .
Basa reMental uye Cognitive Reserve
Nokuda kwekudzivirira kweAlzheimer , vatsvakurudzi vave vakurudzira kwenguva yakareba kuchengetedza uropi hwako huchiita nekuwana imwe yepamusoro yezvidzidzo , kuita mapuzzles , nekuita mamwe maitiro ekufunga.
Kubvumirana kwakawanda ndechokuti zvinogona kuitika kuti zviratidzo zveAlzheimer ndezvokuti dzinonoke mupfungwa dzakanaka, hutano hunoshanda nokuti mupfungwa "chiito" chepfungwa chinogona kusimbisa kugadziriswa kwepfungwa .
Mhedziso yekusangana kwepfungwa ndeyekuti "inosimbisa masimba" europi, zvichisimudzira kuwirirana kwepamusoro pakati peuropi neuron uye kuwedzerwa kukwanisa kubhadhara kusakosha muuropi. Imwe nzira yekupa uropi hwako basa rakakura ndekudzidza uye kushandisa imwe mutauro.
Bhurocha Betsitsi Yokuva Mutauro Wemiviri
Maererano nekuongorora kwekutsvakurudza, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaratidza kunonoka kweAlzheimer's uye zviratidzo zvekushaya mungozo kune avo vakange vari vaviri. Pakati pevamwe, vanhu vaiva nemitauro miviri yakatanga zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo kwepabonde pamusikana wezera remakore mashanu kupfuura avo vakataura mutauro mumwe chete.
Zviri nani Kupfuura Kushanda Kwese Kunobatsira
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pebilingualism uye uropi, vatsvakurudzi vakafananidza uropi hwekufungidzira kwevanhu vaviri kune avo vevanhu vanonzi monolinguals (avo vakataura mutauro mumwe).
Vose vatora chikamu muchidzidzo vakanga vaine chirwere cheAlzheimer uye vakaratidza maitiro akafanana ekugogodza. Vatsvakurudzi zvakare vakafunga nezvezera, dzidzo, mabasa, uye hutano kuti vaone kuti misiyano ipi yakatsanangurwa haigoni kuonekwa kune izvozvi.
Migumisiro yechirongwa ichi yakaona kuti uropi hwemadzimai ehurumende hwakaratidza kukanganisa kwakawanda pane zviyero zvine chokuita nechirwere cheAlzheimer kupfuura ma monolinguals, asi kushanda kwavo kwekugadzirisa kwemaitiro kwaive kwakangofanana nekuratidzwa nemigumisiro yakafanana pane zvitatu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuongorora.
Izvi zvingave sei? Icho chinodzokera kumashoko ekufungisisa kugadziriswa. Kunyangwe zvinoratidzika kuti migumisiro yeAlzheimer yakanga yave ichikura kwenguva yakati muhupenzi hwavo, zviratidzo zveAlzheimer zvakange zvisinganyanyi kufambira mberi kupfuura zvaizotarisirwa. Vanhu vaviri vari vaviri vaive nenzira yakakwana yekubhadhara kana kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana pasinei nekukuvara kwakanyanya mumuviri wavo.
Kugadziriswa kweKutevedza Kushanda
Kuwedzera kwekutsvakurudza kwakabudiswa mumagazini yeNeuropsychology kwakadzidza migumisiro yekuve mitauro miviri pamagetsi ekushanda kwemapoka maviri evatori vechikamu: 75 vanhu vane chirwere cheAlzheimer's disease uye 74 vane chirwere chekushaya hutano kwekunzwisisa , chiitiko icho dzimwe nguva chinopinda muAlzheimer's disease. Mutungamiri wekushanda wakaedzwa kuburikidza uchishandisa miedzo mitatu yakasiyana: Test Trail-Making, test -in-interference test ( semuedzo weStroop ) uye kuedza kwekutaura kwechirevo . Migumisiro yakaratidza kuti vatori vechikamu vakange vari vaviri vakagwinya vasina simba vakashanda makore akawanda gare gare kune avo vakataura mutauro mumwe chete.
Kuvandudzwa kweCognitive Recovery Pashure pekurohwa
Imwe tsvakurudzo yakawana kuti vanhu vane mitauro miviri vanogona kugadzirisa mano ekuziva kuti vanonyatsotevera sitiroko kupfuura avo vanotaura mutauro mumwe chete.
Stroke nzvimbo vanhu vari panjodzi yekurwadziwa kwemavhudzi, uye zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekurohwa, ruzivo uye ruzivo rwekuziva zvinoshandiswa.
Multi-lingual Benefits
Chimwe chidzidzo chakataurirwa mu PLOS Mumwe chakatarisa migumisiro yekuve mitauro yakawanda-kureva, kuziva uye kushandisa zvinyorwa zviviri. Chidzidzo chacho chaiva nevatori vechikamu avo vakaratidza kumwe kutanga kusangana kwepfungwa asi vasina kuonekwa vane dhementi. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti vatori vechikamu vaitaura mitauro inopfuura mitanhatu vaiva nehuwandu hwekudzivirira kwekunzwisisa-chaizvoizvo, kusvikira kanomwe kudzivirirwa kwekusagadzikana kwepfungwa sezvakaitwa nevaya vakashandisa mitauro miviri chete.
Nyama Brain Health and Structure
Apo patinenge takura, ubongo hwedu hunowanzoita zvishoma nezvishoma atrophy (kuderera nekukura) kwenguva. Uyezve, huro hwehuropi, zvose zvakakwana uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeuropi, dzakasungirirwa pakuziva kushanda.
Boka revatsvakurudzi vakaongorora kuti uropi huwandu hwezvibhakirwo hwakaenzaniswa nehuya hwemamongi. Vakaona kuti kuwanda kwemusoro nemhando yakachena muuropi kwaive yakakura kune avo vaive bhizimusi.
Zvinofadza kuti chidzidzo chakafanana chakawana kuti kuwedzera kwemajeri kwaivewo kune avo vane rurimi rwavo rwechipiri rwakanga rusingatauri, semutauro wemasaini weAmerica .
Kuwedzera kutsigirwa kwezvibatsiro zvemiviri yemuviri kunowanika muPET maitiro anoyera kushandiswa kwemashuga kweglucose muuropi. Zviratidzo zvakaratidza kusiyana kukuru kune avo vakataura mutauro mumwe chete. Kukwanisa kwouropi kushandisa glucose (ushuga) zvakasungirirwa zvakasimba kune uropi hunoita basa, zvakanyanya zvokuti Alzheimer yave yakanzi Zita reShuga reShuga .
Pakupedzisira, uropi hunogona kuita mabasa zvakasiyana kana munhu wacho ari mutauro mumwechete kana kuti mumwechete. Imwe tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti mumabhejiro, uropi hunobudirira pakugadzira mabasa uye huri nani kukanganwa zvipingamupinyi kana uchidaro.
Kutora Chikoro Chekune Mutauro Wokune imwe Nyika Kubatsira?
Kunyange zvazvo huwandu hupi hwekudzidza hunobatsira, hazvigoneki kuti kutsvaga muchidimbu mutauro wechipiri zvechokwadi kunobatsira kuderedza dambudziko rako. Pane kudaro, avo vakadzidza mutauro wechipiri kare muhupenyu uye avo vanoshandisa mutauro unopfuura mumwe chete vanoita sevanonyanya kuve nekunaka kwekuziva kubatsirwa.
Nhamba yepamusoro yeunyanzvi mumitauro miviri inoita seinokosha. Mune mamwe mazwi, kuziva zvinyorwa zvishomanana hazvibviri kuderedza dambudziko rako rekushaya dambudziko, asi uchikwanisa kushanda semushanduri inonyanya kupa kupa huropi hunobatsira.
Zvimwe Zvimwe Zvingave Zvine Mhosva Here?
Kunyange zvazvo zvidzidzo izvi zvichiita sezviri kuramba zvichiratidza kushamwaridzana kwakasimba pakati pebilingualism uye kuderedza dambudziko redamentia, vamwe vakabvunza chikonzero chekubatanidzwa uku.
Semuenzaniso, muongorori Esme Fuller-Thomson ane maitiro ekuderera kwemaitiro ekudengenyeka kwevanhu mumabiriki kune chimwe chinhu chinonzi "mutevedzeri wehupenyu". Neizvi, anoreva kuti dambudziko rechechi rekushaya dambudziko risingaiti nekuda kwechimiro chechipiri asi kunogona kunge rakabatana nehutano uye kugutsikana kunoda kuti vanhu vatame kune imwe nyika. Nokudaro, anotaura kuti zvinhu zvakadai sehutano hutano hwakakwana hungave huine hutano hwehuwandu hwehutano hwekuora mwoyo kwepfungwa, kusingapesana neruzivo uye kushandiswa kwemumwe mutauro.
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakaona chimwe chinhu chingaita kuti kuwirirana pakati peBilingualism uye kuderedzwa kwengozi yekudengenyeka kwenyika-dzidzo yepamusoro yepamusoro iripo mune vamwe vanhu vanotaura mutauro mumwe chete.
Uyu mubvunzo wekugadzirisa kukonzera kukonzera ndeyekujairika mundima yesayenzi, uye zvakaoma kukonzera zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kunge zvichikanganisa migumisiro yezvidzidzo izvi zvinoratidza kuwirirana pakati pehutano hwakagadziridzwa kushanda uye bilingualism.
Shoko Rinobva
Kunyange zvazvo pasina nzira inopupurirwa yekudzivisa Alzheimer's yet, zvidzidzo izvi zvinoratidzira zvimwe zvakakosha zvakakosha zveuropi yako kubva kushandisa mitauro yakawanda. Kuwirirana pakati pekuve nendimi mbiri nekuwana dambudziko rakaderedzwa rekuora mwoyo kwemweya hakukwanisi kunyatsonzwisiswa, asi rinoratidzika sekutsigirwa neongororo dzakawanda dzekutsvakurudza. Kudzidza nekushandisa rurimi rwechipiri kunogona kuva nzira inobatsira yekushandisa uropi hwako uye unakidzwa nekukurukura mutsika.
Sources:
Cortext. Bhuku 48, Nyaya 8, September 2012. Bilingualism sechikamu chekuziva nezvekufungidzira: Uchapupu hunobva muuropi hutachiona muhosha yeAlzheimer. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010945211001043
> Craik, F., Bialystok, E. uye Freedman, M. (2010). Kurambidza kutanga kweAlzheimer's disease: Bilingualism sechimiro chekuziva kugadziriswa. Neurology , 75 (19), pp.1726-1729. 10.1212 / WNL.0b013e3181fc2a1c
> Li, L., Abutalebi, J., Emmorey, K., et al. (2017). Kunyorwa kweBilingualism kunodzivirira sei uropi kubva mukukwegura: Insights kubva kuBimodal bilinguals. Mapepa eBongo evanhu , 38 (8), pp.4109-4124.
Neuropsychology. 2014 Mar; 28 (2): 290-304. Migumisiro yemitauro miviri panguva yekutangira uye kufambira mberi kweMCI uye AD: uchapupu hunobva kuhutano hwemabasa. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24245925
> Perani, D., Farsad, M., Ballarini, et al (2017). Iko kunoshandiswa kwemitauro miviri muuropi uye kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi muAlzheimer's dementia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 114 (7), pp.1690-1695.
PLOS rimwe. April 30, 2013. Kuratidzwa Kwoupenyu Hwose Kumitauro Yakawanda: Uchapupu Hutsva Hutsigira Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0062030
> Strauss S. Ko bilingualism inoderedza kuchema kwemwoyo here? CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal . 2015; 187 (7): E209-E210. doi: 10.1503 / cmaj.109-5022.