Kuchenjerera kwakachengetedzwa ndechikonzero chekuvaka humwe humwe hukwanisi hwekubhadhara mukana wekuderedza chiyeuchidzo kana kufunga. Funga nezvazvo sepamusoro-kuravedza kumhanya munhangemutange. Nhangemutange pachayo inogona kunge iri makiromita gumi kukwikwidza, asi unogona kudzidzira nekukwanisa makiromita gumi nemaviri kuti uwedze kutsungirira kwako uye simba. Nenzira imwecheteyo, iwe unogona kuvaka sarudzo yako yekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza uropi hwako huchishanda kuburikidza nekudzidzira kwepfungwa, kushamwaridzana kwevanhu, uye mamwe mabasa anokonzera uropi semakadziro ekuziva.
Passive (Brain) uye Active (Cognitive) Reserve
Muna 2009, Yaakov Stern akarondedzera tsvakurudzo yake pamusoro pekuziva nezvekuziva uye akaisa pfungwa mbiri dzakasiyana-siyana dzekufungisisa: kwete nekushanda.
Passive reserve (inoshandurwawo seuropi yakachengetedzwa) yakatsanangurwa sehukuru hwepfungwa dzehuropi uye nhamba yeeuroni muuropi. Imwe tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti ubongo hukuru hwakabatana nekunonoka kwekunzwisisa. Izwi rinoshandiswa rinoshandiswa nokuti hatigoni kushandura kuwanda kwehutano hwedu.
Kushanda kwakachengetedzwa (kungwarira kuchengetedza) kunofungidzirwa sekukwanisa kwouropi hwedu kutarisana nekukuvadza kuburikidza nekushandisa mubhadharo kana maitiro ehupi akasiyana-siyana kuchengetedza kukwanisa kushanda zvakanaka. Kunzwisisa (kushanda) kunochengetwa kunoratidzika kune kunokanganisa nehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu vatinosarudza kupindira mune, tichigadzira nyaya yekuchengetedza pfungwa dzakasimba, dzakanaka.
Ko Cognitive Reserve Inodzivirira Alzheimer's?
Panguva ino, hatina tsvakurudzo inoratidza zvakajeka kuti kugadzirisa kwemafungiro kunodzivirira chaizvo Alzheimer's kubva pakukura.
Izvo zvatinoziva, zvisinei, iyo yekufungidzirwa kwepfungwa inoita kunge inobatanidza nekudzivirira zviratidzo zveAlzheimer's. Somuenzaniso, pakave nekutsvakurudzwa kwakaitwa kuratidzika kunonoka kwezviratidzo zveAlzheimer kune avo vakanga vari vaviri, pasinei nokuti uropi hwavo hwakaratidza humwe humwe humwe hunopupu hunoonekwa hwekuderera.
Ongororo yakawedzerwa yakataurwa naJakoakov Stern yakaratidza kuti vanhu vane ubongo hwakaratidza hukuru hweAlzheimer's pathology (kureva, tangles uye plaques ) zvakasiyana zvikuru mukukwanisa kwavo kushanda. Vaya vaiva nehupamhi hwemadzidzo uye huchenjeri hwakanyanya vakakwanisa kubhadhara zviri nani kukanganisa kwehuropi kwakonzerwa neAlzheimer's.
Maererano neStern, "... zvimwe zvinhu zvose zvakaenzana nechirwere chinofanira kubuda mushure mevanhu vane CR yakakwirira (kugadziriswa kwepfungwa). Izvi zvinotungamirira kuhuwandu hwekuti chiitiko chechiitiko chekuita kwemagariro evanhu chinofanira kunge chakaderera kune vanhu vane hutano hwepamusoro."
Ko Cognitive Reserve Inoderedza Kuwedzera kweAlzheimer's?
Zvinotoshamisa kuti kumwe kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti vanhu vane huwandu hwakawanda hwekufungidzira vanoita sevanowira nokukurumidza kana vaongororwa vane Alzheimer's.
Kunyange zvazvo izvi pakutanga zvichiita sechishamisika, Stern inofungidzira kuti nokuti zvinotora nguva kuti mumwe munhu ane ruzivo rwekufungisisa anongoratidze kuratidza zviratidzo zvekushaya pfungwa, chirwere chaicho chaicho chinopfuurira mberi. Apo zviratidzo zvinowedzera, kupera kunofanirwa kuenderera mberi nokukurumidza nokuti uropi inogona kusvika pane imwe nzvimbo iyo isingakwanisi kurega kubhadhara zvinokanganisa uye nokudaro kukanganisika kunova nyore kuoneka.
Zvisinei, munhu wacho angangodaro akafadzwa kwenguva yakareba yehupenyu hwake asina zviratidzo zveAlzheimer nekuda kwekufungidzira kwake.
Sources:
Neurology July 13, 2010 75: 137-142. Musoro wepakati, atrophy, uye cognition: Zvinokonzerwa neuropi zvakachengetwa muAlzheimer's disease.
Stern, Yaakov. Cognitive Reserve. Neuropsychologia. 2009 August; 47 (10): 2015-2028.