Zvavari uye Maitiro Azvo Anobatanidzwa Mukurwara
Iwe ungangodaro wakanzwa nezvevashandi veNMDA pavanenge vachidzidza nezvechirwere kana mishonga, asi unonzwisisa zvavari uye nei vachikosha?
Kutanga, zvinobatsira kunzwisisa zvatinoreva ne receptor. Muhupi hwako, une boka remasero anonzi neurons. Aya ndiwo masero anotumira uye anogamuchira mafungiro emagetsi anodzora muviri wako.
Neurons inonyanya-imwe neimwe inongoshanda nemamwe marudzi emashoko. Saka, somuenzaniso, imwe neuron inogona kutora ruzivo pamusoro pemarwadzo uye kutonhora asi harina chokuita nemaonero ekuona kana kudzidza ruzivo rutsva.
Mikemikari inotamisa mashoko kubva neuron kusvika neuron inonzi neurotransmitters. Zvimwe zvezvinozivikanwa zviri nani zvinosanganisira serotonin uye dopamine. Neurotransmitters inonyanya kuve mune mamwe marudzi ehupenyu, zvakare. Semuenzaniso, serotonin inobatanidzwa muhope yehope, asi dopamine inobata nekufamba uye kusvuta.
Kuti muve neurotransmitter kuendesa zviratidzo kuburikidza neuroni, inotanga "kuvhara" iyo. Ndiko kunogamuchirwa vaparidzi. Funga nezvekugamuchira zvikepe sechikepe chinotamba kana zvikepe pamakombiyuta yako. Haasi chikepe chose chinopindirana mumatombo ose, uye kwete foni dzose inowanikwa mumasuo ose. Neurotransmitters vane kiyi dzinozarura zvigunwe pamapapiro e-neuron, uye izvo zvinobvumira ruzivo kuti ruyerere kuburikidza neunonon yako.
Iko NMDA Receptors Do
NMDA inomiririra N -methyl-D-aspartate, iyo inorondedzera makemikari anoitwa-mapepa. NEMDA receptors inobatanidzwa mune zvakawanda zvakakosha nzira muuropi yako. Ivo vanotendawo kuti vanobatanidzwa mune zvirwere zvakawanda zvinosanganisira uropi, uye ndizvo zvinangwa zveimwe mishonga yemishonga.
NMDA receptors chikamu chakakosha chezvinonzi neuroplasticity, iyo inonyanya kureva kuti inogona kushandiswa uye inogadzirika sei bhudzi hwedu--kukwanisa sei kudzidza ruzivo rutsva, izvo zvinoreva kuumba nzira itsva pakati peyeuroni. Mukuwedzera pakudzidza zvinhu zvitsva, plastiki inobvumira uropi hwako hugadzira nzira itsva kana vakwegura vaparadzwa, zvakadai nekukuvara kana zvirwere.
Apo patinenge takura, vatori vedu veNMDA vanoita zvishoma nezvishoma kushanda. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti kudonha kwebasa iri chikamu chekuderera kwezera kwepurasitiki, izvo zvinokonzera kusakanganwa kwepfungwa uye nekuderedza simba rekudzidza.
NMDA receptors zvakare chimwe chezvinyorwa zvishoma zvinogadzira opiate / opioid painkillers muurwere hwedu.
NMDA Receptors uye Neurotransmitters
NMDA receptors inogona kushandiswa (isina kuvharwa) nekusunga nechinyorwa chevashandi vezvematongerwo enyika, kusanganisira:
- Glutamate
- Aspartate
- Glycine
- D-serine
Vashandi veNMDA vanoshanda nevaya vanoita zvematongerwo enyika kuti vashandise basa munzvimbo dzeuropi dzako dzinobatsira iwe kudzidza ruzivo rutsva nemafungiro epfungwa. Zvinokurudzira uye "kufadza" ma-neurons. Icho chinhu chakanaka, asi kungosvika pane imwe nzvimbo.
Kana ma-neuroni akagara munharaunda inofara kwenguva yakareba, vanogona kuderedzwa uye vanotanga kushanda zvakanaka.
Pakupedzisira, ivo vanonyanya kunyatsotarisirwa kuti vanofa.
Izvozvo zvakanyanya kufungidzirwa zvinonzi "excitotoxicity." Glutamate uye aspartate, zvakanyanyisa, zvose zvinosarudzwa se excitotoxins. Kuchengetedza excitotoxicity kubva pakuuraya masero emakemikari edu, tinewo neurotransmitters iyo inonyaradza neurons. Ivo vanonzi inhibitors.
Glycine, imwe yemakemikari makemikari anosungirirana nevatori veNMDA, inhibitor mumutsara wepelinha, asi inofanirwa kuva inonakidza muuropi.
Apo ubongo hwedu huri hutano uye hunoita zvakanaka, kushamwaridzana uye kuvhara maitiro eurotransmitter kazhinji anokwanisa kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakaenzana saka neurons yedu haisi mungozi yekuwedzeredza.
Zvisinei, kana zvinhu zvisingashandisi zvakanaka-kureva, mvumo isingabatsiri kana mazinga eurotransmitter haana kuenzana-saka isu tingatanga kutanga kurasikirwa neurons ku excitotoxicity.
Mitumbi yedu haigone kuita neuron itsva, naizvozvo painofa, isu takarasikirwa nenhengo dzisingabviri dzehutano hwedu. Hazvishamisi naizvozvo, kuti zvinetso zveNMDA zvakagadziriswa kuti zvinosanganiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutano hwemamiriro ezvinhu, kusanganisira mazhinji ane neurodegenerative.
Zvirwere zvakabatanidzwa kune NMDA Receptor Maitiro
Zvirwere zveNeurodegenerative zvinonzi zvinosanganiswa neNMDA receptors kushanda zvinosanganisira:
- Chirwere cheAlzheimer
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
- Chirwere cheHuntington
- Chirwere chePalinson
- Kuora mwoyo
Mamwe maitiro emagetsi emamiriro ezvinhu neanofungidzirwa kuti NMDA receptor kubatanidzwa inosanganisira:
- Fibromyalgia
- Chronic tired fatigue syndrome
- Migraine aura
- Mamwe mavara edzimusoro
- Kufunganya
- Kuora mwoyo
- Schizophrenia
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Mimwe mitemo isingabatanidzi NMDA receptor kudzvinyirira inogona kubatsirwa nezvinodhaka zvinotarisa NMDAR, zvakadai se:
- Phobia
- Stroke
- Marwadzo kubva kune zvinovhiringidza ( neuropathy )
Muchibibias, zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa neNMDA zvinokonzerwa kubatsira kubatsira amygdala (chikamu cheropi chinotyisa nekutya) zvakare kudzidza masangano matsva anobatsira kutsungirira kutya.
Mukurohwa, tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti kuvharira glutamate kuburikidza nemamatoti eNMDA kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kukanganisa kumasero europi anokonzerwa nokushaya kwomweyaji.
Mune marwadzo europathy, mishonga iyi inogona kubatsira kusimbisa zvinoitika zvepainkillers nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwavo neopioid pathways.
Mishonga Inotarisa NMDA Receptors
Ubongo hwemhando yechinhu chinhu chinonyengera, uye kuchikandira kunze kwekufa kunogona kuva nengozi zvikuru. Kunyange kana zvichiita sezvinonzwisisika kuti chimwe chinhu chinogona kubatsira nemararamiro ako, zvakakosha kuti utaure nachiremba usati waedza chero chinhu chinoshandura NMDA receptor basa (kana zvimwe zvikamu zvehutano hwako hunoshanda).
Mishonga yakawanda uye zvinowedzera zvinotendwa kuchinja basa reNMDA receptors. Vanouya nenzira mbiri dzakatarisana: vanopikisana uye agonist.
NMDA Receptor Antagonists
Iwe unogona kunge uchizivikanwa neshoko rokuti "mudzivisi" apo rinoreva munhu wezvakaitika nyaya-muitiro uyo anoedza kunonoka kana kuvhiringidza hero yacho pakuzadzisa zvinangwa zvake. Muchirevo chekurapa, vanopikisa ndevokushandisa zvinodhaka zvinononoka kana kudzivirira zvinhu.
Munyaya yevashandi veNMDA, vatsoropodzi vanodzivisa kugamuchira, zvinoreva kuti vanovhara maurotransmitter kubva pakusunungura ma-receptors. Zvirwere zvakawanda zvehutachiona nehumwe hutano hutachiona hwehutano dzimwe nguva hunobatwa nemhando idzi dzemishonga.
Zvinodhaka zvinorondedzerwa sevanopikisana neNMDA zvinosanganisira:
- Namenda (memantine)
- Ketamine
- Chloroform
- Marefu akakwirira e dextromethorphan ( kukudzidzira kukora muMucinex, Robitussin, NyQuil nemamwe akawanda pamusoro pezvinodhaka zvinodhaka)
- Strattera (atomoxetine)
- Symmetrel (amantadine)
Zvigadzirwa mune izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Agmatine
- Arginine
- Huperzine A
- Zinc
NMDA Receptor Agonists
An "agonist" ndiye anopesana nemuvengi; inokurudzira kana kuwedzera basa. NMDA receptor agonist inoita kuti zvive nyore kune vashandi vezvipatara kuti vasvike izvi zvakagamuchirwa uye kuwedzera kubuda kwemashoko kuburikidza neuropi.
Iyi mishonga dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kugadzirisa mafungiro uye matambudziko epfungwa, kusanganisira schizophrenia uye kuzviuraya.
Imwe mishonga yemishonga inonzi NMDA receptor agonist ndeyikuti:
- Clozaril (clozapine)
- Seromycin (cycloserine)
Uyezve, nhamba dzakawanda dzekuongorora NMDA receptor agonist dziri kuongororwa nemakiriniki ekuderedza.
Zvigadzirwa izvo zvinonzi NMDA receptor agonists zvinosanganisira:
- Aspartic acid
- DHEA
- Theanine
Shoko Rinobva
Kuziva pamusoro pevashandi veNMDA kunogona kukubatsira kuti uwane kunzwisisa zviri nani chirwere chako uye zvinogona kurapwa. Ramba uchiyeuka kuti izvi zvakagadziriswa chikamu chehurongwa hwakaoma kunzwisisa-uropi hwevanhu ndomumwe wematambudziko akaoma aripo. Chero chiremba anogona kunyatsoongorora uye kubata zvirwere zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai semagamuchira uye neurotransmitters.
Zvakajairika kufunga kuti zvinowedzera zvinorapwa "zvakachengeteka", asi kunyange zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinogona kukonzera kuipa kwemigumisiro uye kubatana zvisina kunaka nemishonga. Ita chiremba wako uye chiremba mune zvekutora zvisarudzo kuti uone kuti hausi kuzvikuvadza iwe sezvaunoedza kuita zviri nani.
> Sources:
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