Izwi izwi rekuziva ndeimwe yezvinhu izvo zvinoita sezviri pachena kusvikira iwe uchiedza kuzvinzwisisa. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa izwi iri zvakasiyana. Nyanzvi dzezvepfungwa hazvireve kuti ndizvo zvimwechetezvo pavanotaura "chizivo" sekunge Vedic yogi ichitaura. Chikamu pamusana pekutambudzika kubvumirana pane zvinorehwa neshoko, kuziva chinhu chisingaoneki chinonzwisisika.
Kufanana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda muhupenyu, zivo ingangodaro inonzwisiswa kana yakarasika. Nokudzidza zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvekunonoka kuderedzwa, maurogiologist anokwanisa kusarudza kuti zvii uye makemikari eropi dzakakosha pakuchengetedza uye nekuziva kwerunharaunda yako.
Neurologists dzimwe nguva vanoona zvichibatsira kuparadzanisa kuziva kune zvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, izvo zvinonzi zvigadziro zvekuziva zvinosanganisira maitiro eurological anogadzirisa manzwiro, kufamba, pfungwa, uye manzwiro. Kumuka kana kuti chiyero chekuziva, kune rumwe rutivi, kune zvakawanda zvekuti wakangwarira sei (semu iwe unomuka kana kwete), kukwanisa kwako kutarisira zvinhu (semuenzaniso iwe uchiri kuverenga izvi), uye kuti unoziva sei nzvimbo yako yakapoteredza (semuenzaniso iwe unoziva kupi uye kuti uripi).
The Reticular Activating System
Icho chinokonzerwa nehutano chinongova chakakura zvakapoteredza sechigunwe chako, asi chine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha pakufema, kufamba, uye nekugara wakamuka uye wakangwarira.
Neurotransmitters, yakadai sa norepinephrine, inosunungurwa neuropiystem kusvika kune dzimwe dzose chikamu cheuropi, kukurudzira kuwedzera huropi.
Imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kukosha yekugara wakamuka ndiyo inonzi inticular activating system (RAS) mu brain brain. Iro reticular activating system inogamuchira zviratidzo kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda dzouropi, kusanganisira nzira dzekunzwa kubva mumutsipa wepelinha (saka unomuka kana usinganzwisisiki).
IRAS inotumirawo zviratidzo zvinokurudzira kunzvimbo dzakawanda muhupi hwose hwehupi hwose. Somuenzaniso, RAS "inotaurirana ne" basal forebrain, iyo inotumirawo zviratidzo zvinokurudzira mukati mehutachiona cortex. Icho chinonzi foreal forebrain chinoshanda zvose panguva yekumuka uye paunenge uchirota.
The Hypothalamus
IRAS inotumirawo zviratidzo kune hypothalamus , iyo inodzora mabasa akadai sekuda kwemoyo uyewo inobatsira kuchengeta iwe kumuka nokubudisa histamine. Nyaya yakawanda ye histamine iri kunze kweropi, iyo inobatsira pakuita zvinokonzera zvirwere uye mhinduro dzekuzvidzivirira. Nenguva ichangopfuura, neurons ine histamine yakawanikwawo muuropi, iyo inobatsira kuramba wakangwarira. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kutora anti-histamines yakadai seBenadryl inogona kutungamirira kurara.
Thalamus
IRAS inotaura zvakare ne thalamus. Mukuwedzera pakuita basa mukuchengetedza kurarisa kwemazuva ose, thalamus inoshanda sechitima chekudzoka kwemashoko anonzwisisika anotarisana ne cerebral cortex uye mirairo inodzungaira kubva kuuropiyo kusvika kumuviri. Kana iyo thalamus isingatauri ruzivo rwemashoko kune cortex, yakadai sepiniprick kune tsoka, munhu wacho haazive kuti pane chakaitika zvachose.
The Cerebral Cortex
Iko inonzi cerebral cortex inosvika pamusoro peuropi uye ndiyo inowanikwa huwandu hwehuwandu hwemashoko.
Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehutachiona hwekudzivirira hutsika, chiyeuchidzo, uye kunyange unhu hwako. Kunyange zvazvo uchingokuvadza chikamu cheperetial cortex hachingatungamiri pakurasikirwa kwekuziva, kunogona kutungamirira pakurasikirwa kwekuziva kwechikamu chenharaunda yako.
Semuenzaniso, vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chechirwere kana chimwe chechirwere muchendari yavo yakarurama yeparebe vanorasikirwa nekuziva rutivi rworuboshwe rwekunze kwavo, chiratidzo chinonzi kusaregererwa. Kana akakumbirwa kuti atore awa kana imba, vanozochera chikamu chekurudyi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, vanhu vasina hanya havazivi kunyange ruoko rwavo rworuboshwe, uye kana ruoko rwakasimudzwa pamberi pavo, vangareva kuti ndeyeumwe munhu.
Uyu ndiwo rudzi rwekurasikirwa kwehupenyu hwekuziva, kunyange munhu wacho anoramba akasvinura zvachose.
Kukanganwa Kunzwisisa
Kana zvikamu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvechirwere chekemikari zvakakuvara, kana kana munhu achinetseka nekukuvadza kune thalamus kana hutachiona hwavo, munhu wacho angapinda mu coma. A coma ndiyo kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekuziva kubva kwazviri kusingabviri kumutsa munhu. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvinogona kukonzera coma, uye mikana yekudzoka yakasiyana.
Kudzidza kwekuziva kwakaoma zvikuru. Kuchengeta kunoenderana nekubatanidzwa kwezviverengero zvakabatana zvakabatana mumutambo wenheyo. Kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwekuziva hakusi nyore pane. Uyezve, kunyange zvazvo takataura pamusoro pezvikamu zvishomanana zveuropi zvakabatanidzwa nehutano hweumwe munhu kana kuchenjerera, inofanirawo kuonekwa kuti chizivo hachisi che "off-on" chinoshandura kupfuura chinoshandiswa "dimmer" nemhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana . Vanhu vane hutano vanopfuura nemumvuri wekuziva zuva nezuva neusiku. Kunzwisisa hutano hwevaya vasingakwanisi kupindura nekuda kwehutano hwehutano hunogona kunge hwakaoma zvikuru.
Sources:
Jerome B. Posner naFred Plum. Kuongorora kwePlum uye Posner yekunyora uye Coma. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Hal Blumenfeld, Neuroanatomy kuburikidza neCliniki Cases. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002