Apo Mazvigadziro Anobatsira uye Paanovhiringidza
Chikafu chakakwana chakakosha kuhutano hurefu hwehupenyu uye hukama hwevanhu vanogara neHIV sezvinongoita kune ani zvake. Asi kazhinji, kudya kunodiwa kunoda kuchinjwa apo muviri unopindura mishonga yakasiyana-siyana kana chirwere chacho pachako.
Mavhithamini nemaminerari zvinowanzopedzwa munguva yakaoma kana kuti kwenguva yakareba yemarararhea, mamiriro ayo anogona kukonzerwa nehumwe zvirwere kana mishonga.
Kuchinja kwemafuta emumuviri, uyewo kunobatanidzwa nehutano kana hutachiona hweHIV, kunogona kutarisira kuchinja kwakajeka kune kudya kwevanhu.
Kunyanya zvakawanda pamusoro pezvo, zvakadaro, iyo inokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri kune vanhu vane HIV. Vitamin A uye B12 inoshaya, somuenzaniso, yakabatanidzwa nekukurumidza kwehutano hwekukura mune zvose zvakagadziriswa-pfuma uye zvigadziriswa-mashoma masarudzo. Low serum mizinga ye micronutrients, inowanzoonekwa mune vanhu vasina kudya, inoda huwandu hwevhitamini inowanikwa-kazhinji munzira yezvokudya zvinovaka muviri.
Pasina mubvunzo, kudya kunovaka muviri kune nzvimbo yavo mukurapwa kwekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri kana kushayikwa kunoratidzika, zvisinei nokuti kunokonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu ane hutachiona hweHIV kana kuti kushaya zvokudya zvakashata. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika munguva yekupedzisira-yechirwere apo kuora kwekurema uye kupera kweHIV kunowanzoonekwa.
Asi, zvakadini nevamwe vose? Vanhu vane HIV vanowanzodikanwa here? Izvi zvinowedzera nzira yehutachiona nenzira iyo inoderedza kuitika kwehutachiona, kunonoka kupfuurira kwechirwere, kana kugadzirisa zvirwere zvemuviri zvemunhu?
Kana kuti tiri kungotarisira kuti ivo vachadaro here?
The Supplements Industry
Maererano neU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), inenge hafu yevanhu vekuAmerica vanodya zvokudya zvekudya, kusanganisira mavitamini, zvicherwa, nemiriwo. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvemishonga zvinotungamirirwa neU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), iyo inotsanangura kuwedzera kwekudya kune zvigadzirwa "zvakagadziriswa kuwedzera huwandu hwezvokudya (kuwedzera) kudya."
Maererano nenhaurwa iyi, multivitamines nezvimwewo zvinovaka muviri zvinotarisirwa sechikamu chezvokudya, kwete semiti yemishonga. Havafaniri kutarisana nehutano hwakasimba, husati hwava kutengeswa kwemakambani uye kubudirira kwekuedza uye iDefA haina simba rekuda kuedza kwakadaro.
Pane kudaro, FDA inotsigira zvikuru pamashure ekutengeswa kwemisika-kutarisa zvikwangwani zvevatengi uye ichida vaiti vekuchengetedza boka rezviitiko zvakashata. Zvisinei, izvi zviitiko zvinoshungurudza zvinoitika (AERs) zvinongotumirwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kuhupenyu hunopisa upenyu. Zviitiko zvinyoro kuenzanisa, zvakadai sepfungwa kana kumanikidzwa kwepamuviri, hazvibvumirwi kunze kwekuti mugadziri azvisarudzira kuita saizvozvo.
Izvi zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nekambani yemishonga, iyo inopedza mavhareji e $ 1.3 mabhiriyoni emadhora nemishonga mukutsvakurudza nekufambiswa kwekuvandudza kuitira kuwana FDA mvumo. Muna 2011, kutengesa kwezvokudya zvinowedzera $ 30 biliyoni muUnited States, kanopfuura kaviri kuenzana kwemakirwe emishonga pasi rose eHIV.
Inogona Kubatsira "Kuwedzera" Kusingagumi?
Chikafu chakanaka kuburikidza nekudya kwakanyatsonaka kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza maitiro ekudzivirirwa kwezvirwere zvakakodzera pamwe chete nenguva yakakodzera uye yakashandiswa kushandisa antiretroviral mishonga .
Basa revhithamini nedzimwewo zvinovaka muviri, zvakasiyana, zvinoramba zvisingabvumirwi.
Kuvhiringidzika kwakazara munzvimbo yevatengi pamusika, kazhinji kunowanikwa nevanogadzira zviti nezvezvinhu zvakagadziridzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nekutsvakurudza. Uye nepo FDA ichiedza kutonga zvirevo izvi, kuongorora kwe2012 neDhipatimendi reMweya neHuman Services yakashuma kuti zvikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana zvezvinyorwa zvakaongororwa zvakaitwa zvipupuriro zvakarambidzwa zvachose, kazhinji nguva dzakapoteredza nyaya ye "rubatsiro rwekuzvidzivirira". zvakanyanya zvokuti izvozvi zvinoreva zvinyengeri nhema. Zviri pachena kuti uchapupu huri kutaurwa hunowanzosanzwisisiki kana kuti hutsika hwakanaka.
Vazhinji vezvigadzirwa, semuenzaniso, nguva dzose vanongotaura kuongororo ye 2004 neHarvard School of Public Health, iyo yakatarisa zvinokonzerwa neve multivitamines pakuwedzera kwezvirwere muna 1 097 vakadzi vane pamuviri vane HIV vaneTV muTanzania. Pakupera kwekutongwa, 31 muzana avo vakanga vatora zvigadzirwa zvingave vakafa kana kuti vakawana chirwere chinorondedzera AIDS kusvika 25 muzana yeboka placebo. Kubva pauchapupu uhwu, vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva kwema multivitamin (kunyanya B, C, uye E) kwete kungopedzisira kuenderera mberi kwehutachiona hweHIV, asi yakapa "nzira inobatsira, inodhura yekutadzisa kutanga kwehutachiona hweHIV- vakadzi vane utachiona. "
Pamusoro pekubudiswa kwekutsvakurudza, nhamba yevashandi vakatsanangura chidzidzo se "uchapupu hwezvesayenzi" hwezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvekushandisa. Izvo zvakanyanya kukundikana kuita, zvisinei, zvinongogadzirisa kudzidza, kusazvidza mazano akawanda akakonzera migumisiro-zvisingaverengeki iyo ndiyo yakakwirira yeurombo, nzara, nekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri zviripo mukati mevanhu veAfrica varombo.
Pakupedzisira, hapana mubhuku rakaratidza kuti multivitamines, mukati uye pachavo, inoratidza mararamiro akafanana-kana kuwana mhedziso imwechete-mumamiriro ekugadzirisa zvinhu-seU.S. kana yeEurope. Migumisiro kubva kuongororo yekutevera yakange isina kunyatsopindirana, kusanganisira kuongorora kwegore ra2012 kwakaratidza kuti high-dose multivitamines inogona kuwedzera mungozi yekufa kune vanhu vane nzara yakawandisa. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekuchiremba zvakaratidza kubatsira kune avo vane zvirwere zvakanyanya ( CD4 chiverengera pasi pe200 cell / mL), asi vamwe vachigere kuratidza kubatsirwa zvachose.
Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakatsigira ndezvokuchengetedzwa kwema-multivitamine mumaitiro ekurudzirwa zuva rega rega, kunyanya kune vanhu vane HIV vane zvimwe vasina kudya kana kuti mune zvikamu zvepamusoro zvezvirwere.
Apo Zvidimbu Zvinowedzera Kukuvadza Kupfuura Zvakanaka
Zvishoma zvishoma zvinozivikanwa pamusoro pemigumisiro yega mavhitamini, zvicherwa, nezvimwe zvinotevera. Zvidzidzo zvakasiyana mumakore achangopfuura zvakatarira pane basa reSenienium, iyo isina mineral mineral ine inozivikanwa antioxidant properties. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidzika kunoratidza kuti kurasikirwa kwe selenium mukutapukirwa kwekutanga kweHIV kunoenderana nekurasikirwa kwemaCD4 masero panguva apo malabsorption nekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri zvinowanzoonekwa sezvikonzero.
Sezvinokumanikidza sezvo ukama uhwu hungaonekwa, kutsvakurudza hakukwanisi kutsigira chero rubatsiro rwechokwadi rwe selenium kuwedzera, kana mukudzivisa kurwara nehutachiona hweHIV kana kuti kugadziridzwa kweCD4. Zvimwe zvakawanikwa zvakaratidzwa ne magnesium uye zinc supplement, iyo inowedzera mazinga e plasma haana kumbobatana neshamwari kune chirwere chekuwedzera kana chirwere.
Kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwezvibereko zvevamwe vanhu vane hutachiona hweHIV zvinotsigirwa nekutenda kuti "zvinhu zvepanyama" zvinopa rubatsiro rwekuzvidzivirira rwemasimba zvinogona nyore nyore kubatsira HIV kurapwa. Izvi kazhinji hazvisizvo. Kutaura zvazviri, zvikamu zvakawanda zvinowedzera zvinogona kuva nechakaipa chakanyanya kune vanhu vane HIV, kana kupindira nemetabolism yemishonga yavo kana nekukonzera zvinodhaka zvinoderedza chero zvakakosha kubatsirwa kwekuwedzera.
Pakati pezvinogona kunetsa:
- Megadose vitamini A- Kuwanda kwevhitamini A (inopfuura 25,000 IUs zuva rega rega) kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yehupukisi hwezvinokonzera, kubuda mukati, kuputika kwepakati, uye kuora kwekukura. IWorld Health Organization (WHO) haina kurumbidza kushandiswa kwevhitamini A kuwedzera mune vakadzi vane hutachiona hweHIV, nekutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti zuva rega rega 5,000 IU muzana ingangowedzera kuwedzera kungozi yekutapurirwa kweamai kuenda kumwana .
- Megadose vitamini C- Kana imwe tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti kuwanda kwema vitamini C kunogona kuita basa rinokosha mumagadzirirwo emagetsi, uchapupu hunopesana zvikuru. Zvatinoziva ndezvokuti huwandu hwakawanda hwe vitamine C hunogona kukonzera kushushikana kwepamuviri uye chirwere (iyo yekupedzisira iyo inogona kukanganisa kushandiswa kweimwe mishonga yeHIV). Vitamini C inodarika chikamu chikamu nezuva nezuva inozivikanwa kuderedza Crixivan (indinavir) mune dzimwe.
- Vitamini B6 (pyridoxine) -Kutora zvakanyanya vitamini B6 (pamusoro pemamiriyoni 2 000 pazuva) kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwehutano hwehutano, kuwedzera mhirizhonga yehutachiona hwevarwere vane HIV vane hutachiwana hwehutachiwana hunove huripo.
- Vitamini E- Kuwedzerwa kwevhitamini E (inopfuura 1 500 IUs) inogona kukanganisa kuvhara ropa, asi nguva refu, kushandiswa zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kuora, kushaya simba, uye kuora mwoyo.
- St. John's Wort (hypericin) -kugadzirwa kwemishonga kunowanzoshandiswa kurapa kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya, St. John's Wort inozivikanwa kuderedza mazinga ezvose protease inhibitor (PI) uye isiri nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) -chikoro chemishonga, kuisa uyo murwere ari panjodzi yekushaya zvinodhaka uye kupererwa kwechiremba.
- Garlic -Garlic mapiritsi uye zvigadziridzo zvakaratidzwa kuderedza serum yehutachiona hwehutachiona hweHIV, kunyanya Invirase (saquinavir) inogona kuderedzwa hafu kana inotorwa panguva imwe chete nearlic supplement. Kusiyana neizvi, chitsva kana kubikwa garlic hazvionekwi kuchinja maitiro emishonga emu serum.
- Muchero weGrapefruit juice- Mairi masere ounce girasi yemafuta emuzambiringa wemuchero anotorwa neCrixivan anogona kuderedza mishonga yemishonga yakaoma ne 26 muzana, asi girasi yakafanana yegorosi yemusi inogona kuwedzera maInvirase mazinga kusvika kusvika zana kubva muzana (kuwedzerwa zvingava nemigumisiro). Kunyange zvazvo mazai emichero asina kumira haafaniri kurega kubviswa kubva pakudya, haafaniri kutorwa maawa maviri asati apera kana maawa maviri mushure mekuita mishonga yemishonga.
Shoko Rinobva
Kukosha kwekudya kwakakwana uye kudya kwakanaka, kwakakwana hakugone kudzvinyirirwa. Kupa mazano kwehutano kunogona kubatsira avo vane HIV kuti vanzwisise zvavanoda zvekudya kuitira kuti vave nani:
- Kuza uye kuchengetedza uremu hwehutano hwakanaka
- Chengetedza utano hwakanaka hwehupenyu , kusanganisira cholesterol uye triglycerides
- Ongorora matambudziko ezvokudya anogona kuitika kubva kune mamwe antiretroviral mishonga
- Taura zvinetso zvekudya zvinogona kubuda kubva kuzviratidzo zvine chokuita neHIV
- Shandisai zviratidzo zvekudya kuitira kuti musapinda zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nezvokudya zvinowanikwa
Basa rekurovedza muviri haigoni kuregererwa, pamwe nekubatsira kune hutano hwepanyama nehutano (kusanganisira kuderedzwa kwengozi yeHIV-inosangana nehutachiona hwehutachiwana ).
Nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera, multivitamin zuva rimwe nerimwe rinogona kubatsira kusimbisa kuti zvidimbu zvemagetsi zvinosangana, kunyanya kune avo vasingakwanisi kuwana zvinangwa zvekudya. Zvisinei, kutora mavhithamini muhuwandu hwekubhadharwa kwavanoita zuva nezuva hazvikurudzirwi. Panewo dhesi inotsigira kushandiswa kwemishonga inowedzera mune zvekutarisa utachiwana hweHIV kana kuwedzera kushanda kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuburikidza nokuderedza hutachiona hweHIV .
Ndapota vaudza chiremba wako chero zvipi nezvipi zvaunogona kutora paunenge uchitaura nezvekutungamira uye kurapwa kweHIV yako.
> Sources:
> US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Kudya Kuwedzerwa Kushandiswa Pakati Pevanhu veUnited States Vakawedzera Kubva NHANES III (1999-1994)." NCHC Data Brief. National Centre for Health Statistics; Hyattsville, Maryland; April 2011; Nhamba 1.
> Fawzi, W .; Msamanga, G .; Spiegelman, D .; et al. "Kuongororwa kwakawanda kwemavirtivitamin ekuwedzera uye zvirwere zveHIV uye kufa." New England Journal of Medicine ; 351 (1): 23-32.
> Isanaka, S .; Mugusi, F .; Hawkins, C; et al. "Migumisiro ye-high-dose vs standard-dose multivitamin supplementatio n pakutanga kweHART pamusoro pekuwedzera kwechirwere cheHIV nehupfumi muTanzania: chirongwa chinongorongedzwa chinotungamirirwa." Journal of the American Medical Association. Gumiguru 17, 2012; 308 (15): 1535-1544.
> Constans, J .; Delmas-Beauvieux, M .; Sergeant, C ;; et al. "Gore rimwechete antioxidant supplementation ne beta-carotene kana selenium kune varwere vane utachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwekudzivirira hutachiona: chirwere chekuongorora." Clinical Infectious Diseases ; 23 (3): 654-656.
> Villamor E .; Msamanga, G .; Spiegelman, D .; et al. "Migumisiro ye-multivitamin uye vitamini A supplement s pahupfumi pahutachiwana muvakadzi vane HIV-1." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ; 76 (5): 1082-1090.