Kuziva zviratidzo Ndiyo Nhano Yokutanga Kudzivisa
Zviratidzo zveHIV zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinopesana nechikamu chetachiona. Zvizhinji zvezviratidzo zvine chokuita nehutachiona hwepakutanga hunokonzerwa nemhinduro yomuviri kune utachiona pachahwo, umo maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemusana wekunze. Zviratidzo izvi, naizvozvo, zvinokonzerwa nokuputika kunoitika kana muviri uri kurwisana nehutachiona.
Zviratidzo zvekupedzisira kwehutachiona zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinoitika kana HIV inowedzera kuwedzera simba rekudzivirirwa kwezvirwere mumuviri, kuderedza kukwanisa kwayo kurwisa kunze kwehutachiona. Izvo zvakaderera zvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira pamuviri, iyo yakawanda yengozi (uye yakatarisa) yezvingave zvirwere. Zviratidzo izvi, naizvozvo, zvine hutachiona hweHIV-zvinoreva kuti kunyange HIV ichipa mukana wehutachiwana huri kukura, zviratidzo ndeyekuguma kwehutachiona husinganzwisisiki (OI) .
Incubation Period
Apo munhu ane utachiwana hweHIV, hutachiona hunoenda panguva yekuvhara nguva pakati pevhiki imwechete kana matatu. Munguva ino, sezvo hutachiona huchikura nokukurumidza kuburikidza nemuviri, maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri anokonzera mhinduro kuburikidza nekuzvidzivirira kwezvirwere. Izvi zvinoshandiswa nehutachiona hunoshandiswa nehutachiona hwehutachiwana hunoziva uye hunoita kuti zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere zvakadai seHIV.
Mazuva ano kuongororwa kweHIV kunotsigira kuvapo kwezvirwere (kana kusanganiswa kwezvirwere nemaantijeni) kusimbisa kuti utachiona hwave hwaitika.
Kana kuongororwa kweHIV kuchiitwa kare kare, panguva iyo inonzi mafasitori nguva , kusakwanisa kwemasimba anokwanisa kupa mhedzisiro yakaipa yekuedzwa.
Yakanaka Seroconversion
Nguva yekudzivirira iyo inoteverwa nesero inonzi seroconversion , iyo inodzivirira zvirwere mumuviri yakanyatsogadziriswa uye mukurwisana nehutachiona hwehutachiona.
Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira seroconversion zvinogona kuva zvinyoro uye nyore nyore kukanganisa nehosha. Kune vamwe, chaizvoizvo, hapana zviratidzo. Kune vamwe, zvakadaro, migumisiro inogona kuva yakanyanya kufanirwa uye inogara kwenguva refu. Inenge hafu yevaya vanenge vachangobva kutapukirwa neHIV vachawana zviratidzo zvinotevera panguva inonzi seroconversion yakaoma:
- Fever
- Headache
- Night sweats
- Malaise
- Myalgia (aine masimba anorema kana kurwadziwa)
- Rash (eczema-yakaita sechitarisiko uye inowanzogoverwa kumativi ekumusoro emuviri uye / kana mapindu emaoko)
Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa kwehuro, muromo / esophageal zilonda, arthralgia (marwadzo akabatana), uye lymphadenopathy (kuputika kwemaronda emaronda). Zvizhinji zvezviratidzo izvi zvichagadzirisa mukati memavhiki kusvika pamwedzi pahuwandu, nepo lymphadenopathy dzimwe nguva inoramba ichienderera kwemakore.
AIDS (Yakagadzirirwa Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
AIDS (kana kuwana immune inoshaya syndrome) ndiyo danho rematachiona apo muviri wechirwere chemuviri unoshandiswa, zvichibvumira kukura kwezvirwere izvo muviri unogona kudzivisa.
Pakutanga inoshandiswa senzira yekutarisa chirwere, AIDS inotsanangurwa neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention somunhu ane HIV ane
- CD4 nhamba yepasi pemasero mazana maviri nemamiriyuta (μL), uye / kana;
- humwe humwe hukama hweHIV uye zviratidzo.
Aya "mamwe" mamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvepermonary, neurological, uye zvironda pamwe chete nekenza uye zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kuchinja avo vane maitiro ekudzivirira zvirwere.
Ikozvino pane mhirizhonga inopfuura 25 yeAIDS iyo inogona kupa zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutachiona, kazhinji pamusoro peCD4 chikumbaridzo chemasero masere / μL. Kunze kwekuti chirwere chinorwisa antiretroviral chinoshandiswa pakarepo, vanhu vane AIDS vanorwara vanowanzopona kwemakore matatu vachienzanisa.
Mikana Yakasununguka neCD4 Count
Iko CD4 count ndiyo nzira yekuyera nayo simba rekudzivirirwa kwemuviri sezvinotsanangurwa nenhamba yemasero eCD4 anodzivirira.
Sezvo mutemo wehurumende, vanhu vane CD4 nhamba dzemasero anopfuura mazana mashanu / μL haatombogoni kutapukirwa.
Kazhinji CD4 nhamba inogona kumira chero ipi zvayo kubva pakati pe500 kusvika ku1600 masero / μL. Kana imwe nhamba ichiwira pasi pe500, mikana yehutachiona inowedzera sezvo zvipingamupinyi zvekudzivirira zvishoma zvishoma zvishoma. Zvirwere izvi, zvakanyorwa neCD4 count, zvinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera.
CD4 count pakati pe 500 kusvika 250 masero / μL:
- Candidiasis (kusanganisira muromo weprush uye vaginal mbiriso yehupusi)
- Kaposi's sarcoma (pink kana purplish yezvipembenene zveganda zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hweHHV-8)
- Chirwere chemuviri chinonzi leukoplakia (chichena, vhudzi remuromo mutsvuku inokonzerwa nehutachiona Epstein-Barr)
- Herpes zoster (shingles)
- Herpes simplex
- Bhakteria pneumonia (kusiyana nehutachiona hwepirumonia)
- Tuberculosis (kana TB, utachiona hwebhakitiriya hwemhepo hunowanzovharirwa kumapapu)
CD4 count pakati pe 250 kusvika 100 masero / μL:
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP, utachiona hwemapapu)
- Mukana wechirwere wechibereko wechibereko
- Coccidioidomycosis (an air- uye fungal-borne borne fungal infection; inozivikanwawo seMupata Fever)
- Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis inopa kunze kwemapapu)
- Salmonella septicemia (muviri wose kuputika kunoitwa salmonella muropa)
- Esophageal candidiasis (thrush of the esophagus)
CD4 count pakati pe100 kusvika ku50 masero / μL:
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (kana NHL; boka rekenza rinowanikwa mumasero machena eropa)
- Toxoplasmosis (chirwere chinonzi protozoan chinogona kuchinja zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri)
- HIV incephalopathy (inozivikanwawo sekuoma kwemaAIDS)
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML; chirwere chetachiona chehupi)
- Cryptococcosis (a fungal chirwere chinogona kukanganisa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri)
- Cystoisoporiasis (chirwere chepachivi chemukati)
CD4 count pasi pemakumi mashanu emasero / μL:
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV, a herpes-type virusi inogona kuchinja koni kana maziso)
- Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC, hutachiona hwebhakitiriya kakawanda mumapapu kana mumatumbo)
- Histoplasmosis (chirwere chinokonzera fungal kazhinji mumapapu)
- Primary Primary CNS lymphoma (kenza inobata pakati penheyo system)
- HIV kuparadza syndrome (isinganzwisisiki, inorema kurasikirwa pamwe chete nekushaya simba uye kuramba kwezuva)
The Bottom Line
Hakuna zviratidzo-kana kusasha kwezviratidzo-zvinoratidza kana chirwere che HIV chakaitika. Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti iwe wakanga watapukirwa, enda kuchipatara chako chaipo, kuchipatara kana kufamba-uri pakati pekuongororwa kweHIV.
Nokuedza nguva yekutanga uye kushandisa hutachiona hweHIV pahutachiona , vanhu vane HIV vanokwanisa kuderedza zvakanyanya dambudziko rekurwara nehutachiona hweHIV nekuwedzera mikana yezvakanaka kusvika kune tarisiro yeupenyu huri pedyo .
> Sources:
Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control and Prevention (CDC). "1993 Revised Classification System yeHIV Infection uye Yakawedzerwa Kuongororwa Nyaya Tsanangudzo yeAIDS Pakati Pevana Vechidiki Nevakuru." Kufa uye Kutenda Kwevhiki Nevhiki. December 18, 1992; 41 (RR-17).
Dhipatimendi reHutano neHuman Services (DHHS). "Mazano ekushandisa kweAntiretroviral Agents muHIV-1-Infected Adult s uye Adolescents." Rockville, Maryland.
Iyo INSIGHT START Chidzidzo Chekudzidza. Kutanga kweAntiretroviral Therapy muAt Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection. " New England Journal of Medicine, July 20, 2015; DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.