Mhando dzeRukemia uye zvinokonzera njodzi zvinhu
Overview
Leukemia chirwere chinokanganisa masero anoita ropa mumuviri. Ihwo hutano hwekenza hunoratidzwa nehuwandu hwemasero masero eropa asina kuchena mumuviri. Leukemia inotanga mufupa remapfupa uye inopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Vose vana nevakuru vanogona kukudziridza reukemukari.
Aina
Leukemia inogona kugoverwa mumarudzi mana akasiyana.
Inotanga kusarudzwa seyakashata kana isingagumi uye inorondedzerwa seyo kuva myelogenous kana lymphocytic.
Akakwikwidza vs. Chronic Chronic Leukemia
Mune maitiro asingagoneki eukemia , masero eukemia anobva mumasero akakura, asingasviki. Izvozvo zvinokonzera kazhinji zvinokura zvishoma nezvishoma pane acute leukemias.
Acute leukemias , kune rumwe rutivi, inobudirira kubva pakutanga, masero masero, anonzi "blasts." Aya madiki masero anoparadzana nokukurumidza uye aya kanzura inowanzokura zvakanyanya kupfuura zvisingagoneki leukemias.
Myelogenous vs. Lymphocytic
Leukemias inoratidzikawo nerudzi rwema cell line iyo inowanikwa kubva.
Myelogenous leukemia inobva mumasero myeloid . Chirwere ichi chinogona kunge chisingagumi kana chakanyanya, chinonzi chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) uye yakaoma myelogenous leukemia (CML). Kune mhando dzakawanda dze myelogenous leukemia.
Lymphocytic leukemia inokura kubva mumasero mu lymphoid cell line muropa remaropa. Chirwere chacho chinogona kuva chakanyanya kana chisingaperi, chinonzi chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) uye acute lymphocytic leukemia (AML).
Kune marudzi mazhinji emarudzi e-lymphocytic leukemia pamwe chete.
Kana uri kutsvaga ruzivo rwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana eukemia,
- Chirwere chisingaperi chinokonzerwa neukemia
- Yakanaka myelogenous leukemia
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Zvinokonzera uye Zviitiko Zvengozi
Kunyange zvazvo tisingazivi chaicho chinokonzera kukwepa kweukwepa, vatsvakurudzi vakaona huwandu hunokonzera ngozi.
Zvimwe zvezvizvi zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwekenza, semuenzaniso, zvirwere zvisingaperi zvemaukemasi zvinowanzoonekwa kune vakwegura, asi acute lymphocytic leukemia inowanzoonekwa nevana. Avo vari pangozi yeukwepaia vanogona kusanganisira:
- Vanhu vakwegura kupfuura makore makumi matanhatu, asi zvinogona kuitika kuvanhu vaduku
- Vanhu vanosvuta (kunyanya nemagumisiro echirwere chinokonzera mutezo)
- Vanhu vakawana chemotherapy yapfuura kana kuti remishonga inonzi radiation
- Vanhu vane utachiona hwevanhu T-cell leukemia virusi, utachiona hunobata T-masero anopararira nekugovana siriniti uye anoshandiswa kupinza mishonga; kuburikidza nekuwedzerwa ropa; kuburikidza nehupombwe; uye kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana paanenge aberekwa kana nekuyamwisa
- Vanhu vane myelodysplastic syndrome , ropa dambudziko
- Vanhu vane Down syndrome
- Vanhu vane nhoroondo yemhuri yeukweikemi uye lymphomas
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zvehutano zvinogona kuitika kamwe kamwe kana zvishoma nezvishoma. Zviratidzo zvacho zvakadzika, asi pane zviratidzo zvakananga zvehuukemukari kuti uchengetedzwe ziso:
- Fever
- Zvirwere zvekare
- Kuwedzeredza bruising
- Kuneta
- Kuita muviri kusagadzikana
- Kuchema kwemuviri, kana kuti kazhinji kunzwa kunzwa
- Unintentional kurasikirwa kwekurema
- Kusachena kwechiropa
- Kuwedzera kwe lymph nodes spleen uye / kana chiropa
- Kushaya simba
Kuziva
Chiremba angafungira kuti une houkemia mushure mokuzadzisa muviri kana kana iwe uchitaura uchiona zviratidzo zveukakemia.
Kune zviitiko apo houkemia inofungidzirwa kubva kuhutano hwekuongorora ropa kunoitwa zvimwe zvikonzero. Pane zviedzo zvakasiyana-siyana izvo chiremba angashandisa kuongororwa neukemia , kubva kuongoropa ropa kusvika kumapopu.
Kuongorora Panyama . Munguva yekuongorora kwemuviri, chiremba anogona kutarisa mazamu, kuvhupa lymph nodes uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa kana zviratidzo zveukama. Nhoroondo yezvechiremba inotorwa ichaendeswa uye murwere anokwanisa kurondedzera nhoroondo yehuukemia kana zviratidzo chero chipi zvacho kana ngozi.
Dambudziko reRopa. Kuyera ropa, zvakadai sehuwandu hwekuverenga ropa (CBC) inogona kuona kuora kweukemia. ICBC inotanga nhamba yemasero matsvuku eropa, masero eropa, uye maplatelet.
- Peripheral blood smear - inotarisa kuvapo kwekufema masero uye inoratidza rudzi uye huwandu hwemasero machena eropa
- Cytogenic kuongorora - kuongorora ropa kwokuti muenzaniso weropa unongororwa kuti uongorore kuchinja kwekromosomes ye lymphocytes
- Mimwe miedzo yakasiyana-siyana yeropa - dzimwe nguva kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kurairwa kuona kuti nhengo dzinoshanda sei uye kana dzichirwara neukemia
Biopsy. Bhiopsy ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa nayo sampu yemasero kubva mumuviri kuti iongororwe nekenza. Tora marora nyuchi inoshandiswa kuongororwa neukemia. Imwe nherera yakakura inowanikwa muhudyu kana, kazhinji, iyo pfupa pfupa uye mufananidzo wefupa rinobviswa uye fupa remafu rinoshuva. Nyaya yacho inobva iongororwa nechiremba. A lymph node biopsy inogona kuitwawo zvichienderana nerudzi rweukwepa inofungidzirwa.
Lumbar Pure / Spinal Tap. Kushandiswa kwechimbaridzo kana mutsara wepamuviri kunogona kuitwa kuongororwa neukemia. Pasi pemunyanzvi hwemunharaunda munharaunda, huwandu hwemumumvuri wemusipiresi hunobviswa kubva pamiganhu pakati pemiti yakasvibira mumumumvu. Iyo inonaya inozoongororwa nechipatara.
Mishonga
Kurapa kwekemukemikari kunowirirana zvikuru zvichienderana nerudzi rweukwepa uye chirwere chechirwere. Mishonga inowanzowanzobatanidza nzira dzakasiyana.
Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy iko kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvinouraya masero emukenza kana kudzivirira masero kuti aparadzanise. Chemotherapy inogona kupiwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana , uye IV kuiswa uye mapiritsi ari yakawanda. Chirwere chemotheropiro yakapiwa chinoenderana nemutambo uye rudzi rwekenza.
Radiation Therapy. Radiation therapy iko kushandiswa kwemamwe marudzi emasimba kuuraya masero ekenza uye kuora maronda. Iyi simba rinogona kuva mazai kana zvikamu zvakadai semaprotoni, electron, x-rays uye gamma rays.
Biologic Therapy. Biologic therapy ndiyo kurapa inoshandisa ruzivo rwakananga kumukenza kuti uite. Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemuviri kana zvinogadzirwa mu laboratori zvinoshandiswa kukurudzira, kutungamira kana kudzorera muviri wezvidziviriro zvemuviri kurwisa kenza kana kunyatsopfigira kupatsanurwa kwayo.
Surgery. Kugadziriswa kushandiswa kwepleen kunoshandiswa kurapwa kwekugara kwenguva refu neukemia. Iyo spleen inounganidza masero eukemia, uye inowedzera, zvichiita kuti chirwere chiwedzere. An spleen yakakura inogona kukonzera matambudziko mazhinji.
Peripheral blood stem cell transplant kana bone marrow transplant. A stem cell cell transplant ndiyo nzira yekugadzirisa mararamiro anowanzoitwa marrow ayo akaparadzwa nemishonga nemaitiro akawandisa emishonga inorwisa mishonga kana mashizha. Kudyara kunogona kuva autologous (munhu wega stem masero akachengetwa asati agadzirwa), allogeneic (masero emasero anopiwa nemumwe munhu) kana syngeneic (masero emasero anopiwa nemaitiro akafanana).
Kudzivirira
Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana maitiro ekudzivirira eukemia. Kunyanya zvinosuruvarisa, dzakawanda zvezviitiko zvinopisa hazvigone kudziviswa sezvimwe mune dzimwe mhando dzekenza. Isu hatigoni kurega kukwegura kana kuva nemamiriro akaita seArt's Syndrome. Pane zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvatinogona kudzivisa izvo zvinogona kubatsira muukondombera kunokonzerwa neukemia, sekusasvuta. Kana ukasvuta fodya, ino ndiyo nguva yekurega. Kusvuta kunokuisa pangozi yemhando dzakawanda dzekenza, kusanganisira yakaoma myelogenous leukemia. 1 mumatambudziko mana e AML akabatanidzwa nekusvuta.
Kuderedza kuderedzwa kwako kuBenene kunogona kuderedza dambudziko rako rekukura kweukemia. Benzene ikemikari ne-chigadzirwa chemarara uye petroleum, inoshandiswa kunyanya petrooline. Iyo inowanikwawo mune zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai semapuranga, zvinogadziriswa, plastiki, zvinouraya mishonga, uye detergents. Vanhu vanoshanda mukugadzira zvigadzirwa izvi vangave vachizviisa pangozi yeukwemia .
Sources:
National Cancer Institute. Leukemia - Health Professional Version (PDQ). http://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp