Leukemia uye lymphoma zvose zvirwere zveropa zvinosanganisira masero eropa. Iro dzimwe nguva dzinonzi "mvura inoputika" kana mishonga yekenza, kuti iparadzanise nevana vanowanzoita zvirwere zvinoumba zvironda zvakasimba, zvakadai sekenza yekoloni kana kenza yemazamu.
Kamwe, leukemia uye lymphoma nhoroondo yehuwandu hwekenza yeropa. Myeloma, anonziwo multiple myeloma, ndiyo yechitatu yemhando yekenza yeropa, uye inobata anenge 15 muzana yematambudziko.
Zviratidzo zveEukemia neLymphoma
Zviratidzo zveukwepa uye lymphoma zvinogona kunge zvisingaitiki. Panogona kuva nezviratidzo zvisinganzwisisiki zvakadai sekuneta kana kusingafungiri mafungiro pakutanga. Kana, zvakanyanya kufanirwa kuti zvirwere zvekucheneswa kwekenza zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira kuvhara lymph nodes izvo zvinowanzoonekwa mu lymphoma; kana kuputika kusina kuchena, kubuda ropa, kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunowanzo mune mamwe marudzi eukemia; uye zviratidzo zvakawanda zvakadai sekunzwa wakaneta kwazvo, kushaya simba, kuora muviri, kuzadza mumimba, fever, uye usiku hutukutu. Mumiririri anoverengeka zviratidzo zveboka rimwe nerimwe zvakanyorwa pasi apa:
Leukemia
- kunzwa kuneta, kuneta, kana kunyanya kusununguka
- kazhinji zvirwere
- unxplained fever
- kusuruvara kusina kuchena kana kubuda ropa
- kurwadziwa kwepfupa uye marwadzo akabatana
Lymphoma
- akawedzera lymph nodes
- fever
- kunyanya kupfugama, kunyanya usiku
- unxplained weight loss
- kuneta kunoshamisa
- kusagadzikana kwepamuviri nekuzara kana uchidya, nemhaka yepleen yakakura
Zvisinei, kana leukemia kana lymphoma inowanzoongororwa kuti pakutanga inobva pane zviratidzo chete.
Kuongororwa kweEukemia neLymphoma
Zviratidzo zvisingabhadhari uye maitiro ekufungidzira, zvakatorwa pamwechete nezviratidzo, zvinogona kuratidza kuti zvinokonzerwa neukemia kana lymphoma, asi kuongorora kwokutanga kunoda kuti uwane samuenzaniso yekuongororwa.
Ropa samples uye biopsies-kubva kune lymph nodes pamwe nemapfupa emapfupa uye zvichibva kune dzimwe nzvimbo-dzinotorwa uye dzinotumirwa kuongororwa kwema laboratory. Miedzo yakadaro haisi kungogadzirisa kana kusimbisa kuongororwa, asi inogonawo kushandiswa kugadzirisa rudzi rwehutano hwemaperembudzi kana lymphoma. Izvi zvakanyatsorongeka uye maitiro ekugadzirisa kurapwa kwemishonga uye inobatsira kugadzirisa kuraira.
Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvokuziva Nezvemaperembudzi uye Lymphoma
Ndechipi Kusiyana Kwemaperembudzi neLymphoma?
Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chinopindirana nechopi chemuviri wemuviri chinonyanyobatanidzwa. Nhoroondo, mararamiro eropa akarondedzerwa seeukemias kana huwandu hwechirwere ichi hwawanikwa muropa; kana lymphomas kana huwandu hwechirwere hwaiva mune lymph nodes; kana myelomas kana chizhinji chechirwere chacho chaiva mumapfupa.
Maitiro akawanda emaroto anotanga maitiro emakirini, apo maruikisi anofungidzirwa kuti anotanga kubva pane imwe nzvimbo isingawanzoitike mukati mefupa rega.
Pasi rose, kune mamwe maitiro e-lymphoma pane kuongorora kweukemia gore negore, neine 81 000 mitsva yemaitiro eyymphoma uye 60,000 matsva eukemia.
Panewo mamwe maonero akasiyana pakati peukwepa uye lymphoma, zvakadai semasero emhando, zvinoda kubhururuka kwakadzika mumunda unenge wakaoma kunzwisisa kuti utsanangure zvakanaka.
Ndiani Anowana Leukemia uye Lymphoma?
Vose vakuru nevana vanogona kukura neukemia kana lymphoma. Pakati pecheche nevana, zvisinei, leukemia yakawanda kwazvo kupfuura lymphoma. Kutaura zvazviri, chirwere chinokonzerwa neukemia ndicho chinonyanyisa kuipa kwehuduku.
Girasi rinowanikwa kupfuura mamwe ose emakirinimusi , iro risina Hodgkin's lymphomas, rinogona kuitika chero panguva ipi zvayo, asi inenge 50 muzana yematambudziko inowanikwa kune vanhu vakwegura kupfuura makore makumi matanhatu.
Zvinokanganisa zvikwata zvezera uye zvipingamupinyi zvinowanzotarisana nemhando kana chikamu chekenza yeropa. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinoshanduka zvinoshandiswa nemajeri akasiyana, rudzi, uye geography. Semuenzaniso, nhamba dzekenza imwechete dzinogona kusiyana, zvichienderana nekuti uri kutaura nezveWestern Europe kana China.
Ndezvipi zvinoratidzira?
Kana uchinge wakaziva rudzi rwehutano rwehutachiwana kana lymphoma, mibvunzo yose pamusoro pemishonga inowanika uye inofanirwa kuongororwa inonyanya kuongororwa mukurongana nachiremba wako-uye kana zvasvika pakufungidzira, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti vanhu havasi nhamba. Kunyange vanhu vane chaiyo iyo yeukemia kana lymphoma vanogona kuva nezvakasiyana zvakanyanya.
Kuwedzerwa, ruzivo rwekuchengetedza ruine ruzivo rwekutsausa-somuenzaniso, kana kurapa kwakanaka kwakatanga kubvira panguva yekuongorora asi zvisati zvaratidzirwa muhuwandu hwehupenyu. Uyewo, unogona kuwana nhamba yekuchengetedza iyo ndeyomutauro wako chaiyo weiymymia kana kuti yeukemia asi isingashandisi kwauri, nokuti data yakatemwa kune dzimwe nhanho dzekenza, mamwe maitiro ekurapwa, kana mamwe makore ekuongorora, nezvimwewo.
Muzhinji, kurapa kunogoneka kune mamwe marudzi, asi kwete kune vamwe. Uyewo, kazhinji, uye kune mamwe marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekenza yeropa, nguva dzekupona dzakanyatsobudirira kubva kuma1960. Kune dzimwe zvirwere zvekenza, vanhu vanogona kurarama nehosha yavo kwemakore makumi maviri kana kupfuura; kune vamwe, kupona nguva inoyerwa kubva panguva yekuongororwa kusvika mwedzi, makore, kana mukuwedzera kwemakore mashanu.
Chii Chinokonzera Kuberekwa Kwemapupa uye Lymphoma?
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, chikonzero chaiicho chekushaiwa kweukama kana lymphoma hachizivikanwi. Zvisinei, masayendisiti akaita zviitiko zvinokosha pamusoro pezve genetic yekenza uye mabasa emamwe magenhi mumusana wekodha iyi. Zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakadai sezera, nhoroondo yemhuri, zvimwe zvirwere, kusvibiswa kwezvinhu zvinokonzera kenza, uye mazai akave akadzidzwa, asi kunyange kana iwe uine dambudziko uye iwe unozopedzisira uchinge uroyema kana lymphoma, kazhinji zvakaoma kutaura zvakasimba pasinei nokuti njodzi iyo yakakonzera kana yakakonzera chirwere chako.
Mhando Dzakanyanya dzeAukemia neLymphoma
Lymphoma
Kana iwe uri kuverenga pamusoro peukakemia uye lymphoma uye unoona "Hodgkin" kana kuti "asiri Hodgkin's," ibheji yakachengeteka iyo hurukuro iripo ndeye lymphoma, kwete yeukemia. Izvi ndezvokuti izvi ndezvipi zviviri zvinokosha zve lymphoma:
- Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
Hodgkin's disease uye Hodgkin's lymphoma inotaura chinhu chimwe chete-inogara ichiita lymphoma, uye inoitika kuva lymphoma inogona kuporeswa. Uye iwe uchaona kusiyana kwepellings-kana kana pasina apostrophe s-asi ndiyo chirwere chimwechete. Kune zvishoma zvishoma zveHodgkin lymphoma types; panguva yekuti haisi Hodgkin lymphoma, urongwa hwemhando ndehurefu kwenguva refu.
Leukemia
Leukemia inowanzotaridzwa mumhando ina huru. Pakati pemitambo mizhinji, panewo zvinyorwa. Mhando huru ndeyotevera:
- chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
- acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
- acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
Mucherechedzo yezvirwere zvinoratidza kana kenza inonzi inorema kana kuti isingagadziriswe neukemia seizvi:
- Kurwara kwehupukanana kunowanzobudirira nokukurumidza pasina kurapwa.
- Kurwara kwekemukemia kunowanzobudirira zvishoma nezvishoma, asi kunogona kuchinja kuva nehasha, yakaoma yeukemia.
Iyo yeukemia inonziwo lymphoid kana myeloid , zvichienderana neyedzipi yemhando dzemazuva ese masero ekuumba ropa mumapfupa eropa akava kenza. Myeloid uye myelogenous dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana; lymphoid, lymphoblastic, uye lymphocytic zvinoshandiswawo kureva kurwara kwakafanana.
Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvokuziva Nekemukemukari
Leukemias ndiyo kanzura yemasero ekugadzira ropa uye masukisi anotanga mufupa remafupa. Chirwere chekuropafadzwa chinotaridzika kubva pamhando yeropa-forming cell kubva iyo leukemia yakagadzirwa-lymphoid kana myeloid cells-uyewo kana iri yakaoma kana isingaperi. Childhood leukemia inowanzoonekwa sega yega kubva kune munhu mukuru weukemia nekuda kwekupararira kwayo kwemaukemia marudzi uye kliniki.
Maseu eukemia mumapfupa emapfupa anoita kuti masero matsvuku eropa asave akasiyana, dzimwe nguva ane nhamba dzakawanda dzisingasviki kana kusasvibisa masero machena kunze kweropa rinopararira.
Zviratidzo zveRukemia
Zviratidzo zvehutano hwemaperembudzi kazhinji hazvisi izvo-zvinoreva, zvinoreva kuti zvinogona kuva nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Mhando dzakawanda dzinokonzerwa neukemia dzinogona kuita zviratidzo zvinonyevera , zvinosanganisira kubuda ropa kusina kuchena kana kuputika, kurwadziwa kwepfupa uye kubatana, fever, usiku sweat, kuneta, ganda rinopera, kuora muviri, nezvimwe zviratidzo, kusanganisira kuvhara lymph nodes, spleen, uye chiropa. Munhu anogona kuva nerukemia asina zviratidzo izvi zvose, uye zvimwe zvacho zvinogona kuvimba nemafungiro emapfupa ane hutano akabatwa sei nemasero eukemia.
Leukemia Mitemo uye Nhamba
- YOSE ndiyo kenza inowanzoonekwa nevana.
- CLL ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanika neukemia kune vanhu vakuru muUnited States.
- AML ndiyo inonyanya kuwanda yehutachiona hwehutachiona hwevanhu vakuru.
- CML inonzi leukemia inowanzobatanidzwa nechimwe chinhu chinonzi Philadelphia chromosome, ine inopfuura 90 muzana ye CML varwere vane ruzivo rwezvekugadzirisa.
- Leukemia ndiyo kenza inonyanya kukanganisa yehuduku, kuverenga nezve chetatu chevanga vose kanzira muvana, uye inenge yese yehuduku hweukemikari ihosha yeukemia.
Leukemia Survival Rates
- Kuponeswa kwemitengo kunowirirana zvichienderana nerudzi rweukondombera uye zvinogona kunge zvakaoma kududzira, kunyange kana iwe uchiziva rudzi rwehutachiwana hwaunahwo. Mibvunzo pamusoro pekutsvaga kwemunhu inonyanya kuongororwa mukukwirirana nachiremba, ndiani anogona kunyatsogadzirisa ruzivo kune mumwe munhu.
- Muzhinji, kuponeswa kwehuwandu-huwandu, kune marudzi ese eukemia, akabatanidzwa-akavandudza zvikuru kubvira muna 1960; zvisinei, kuponeswa kwemunhu mumwe chete kunowirirana zvakanyanya uye kunobva kune zvakananga maragaikirwo emhando, subtypes, genetics yemasero ekenza, uye zvimwe zvinokonzera murwere.
Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvokuziva Nezve Lymphoma
Lymphoma inouraya inosanganisira masero eropa eropa, sezvinoita leukemia; asi munyaya ye lymphoma, masero anouraya anobva mumhuri ye lymphocyte yemasero machena eropa. Kazhinji, hutano hwakanaka hunogona kubuda mukati uye huri kunze kwemakirini, uye ivo vari chikamu chemuviri wechirwere chema immune chinobatsira kurwisa utachiona. Apo lymphoma inokura, lymphoma masero anogona kuvaka mumakirinikodhi, bone marrow, spleen, nezvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri. Kunyange zvazvo lymphomas inowanzotanga mumakirini emakirini, inogona kumuka chero kupi zvako.
Zviratidzo zveLymphoma
Kufanana nerukemia, lymphoma inogona kunge isina zviratidzo pakutanga. Mune dzimwe nguva, kunyevera zviratidzo zve lymphoma zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye zvinogona kusanganisira lymph node kurira, kuora muviri, fivha , kuputika kukuru usiku, kuora pamusoro pemuviri wose, kurasikirwa nechido, kushaya simba, uye dzimwe nguva kufema. Kana zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvichange zviripo, iyo yakajairika ndeyekuwedzera kwemuviri , iyo inogona kunzwika seyemumutsi mumutsipa, mazamu, kana kugomera. Dzimwe nguva lymph node yakakura ndiyo chete chiratidzo che lymphoma, pakutanga.
Lymphoma Types uye Statistics
Izvo zvikamu zviviri zvikuru zve lymphoma ndezveHL neNHL. Izvo zvinowanzozivikanwa pane zviviri ndeyeNHL , iyo inoratidzira inenge 90 muzana yezvose zvinokonzera lymphoma.
- Mhando dzakawanda kwazvo dzeNHL dzinoparadzanisa B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), inoteverwa ne follicular lymphoma (FL).
- Pamusoro peHL, rudzi rwakakurumbira munyika dzakabudirira kunonzi nodular sclerosing HL, uye inokwana anenge 60 kusvika ku80 muzana yeHL mhosva.
Kusiyanisa pakati peHodgkin uye Kwete-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- HL yakanga iri yekutanga lymphoma kuti iwanikwe uye icheche shoma, yakasiyana-siyana ye lymphomas inofananidzwa neHodgkin lymphoma. NHL inowanzobatanidza urongwa hwemakumbo ose akawanikwa kubvira kubvira HL, kusvika zvino.
- Hodgkin lymphomas inowanzobuda mumucheto wepamusoro wemuviri, mumakumbo emakumbo emutsipa, pasi, kana pachipfuva. NHL inogona kubuda muine nhengo dzemuviri mumuviri.
- Kurapa kwekenza ndeyekutsvaga kuti mutana uri mumuviri uye kupi, uye urongwa uhwu hunoita basa mukugadzirisa nezvekurapa kwakanakisisa. Kurongedza HL neNHL kune imwe nzira yakasiyana .
- Nguva yekugoverwa kweHL neNHL yakasiyana uye inogona kunge yakanyanyisa: HL inowanikwa mumapoka maviri emakore-imwe mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe, uye imwe iri muma20s. Nokudaro, kunyange zvazvo HL isingawanzoitiki lymphoma kupfuura NHL, vechidiki vaduku vangaita sevanowana zvakawanda kupfuura mugove wavo weHL-uye ndeyekuda kwekutanga kwema19s.
Zvinyararire vs. Mutsinye NHL
Chirongwa chekliniki yeNHL inowanzosiyana-siyana zvichienderana nerudzi rweNHL, uye izvi zviri pasi. Dzimwe NHLs dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma, kana dzisina kunyunyisa, dzine lymph node kuwedzera iyo inopera uye inogadzirisa pasi, kwemakore. Zvimwe NHLs zvinotyisa zvikuru, zvinokonzera rufu mumavhiki mashoma kana risina kutenderwa.
Lymphoma Survival Rates
Nyevero imwecheteyo pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwenhamba mumaperembudzi inoshanda kune lymphoma.
Dzimwe nguva lymphomas dzine hutano hwakasiyana-siyana dzinoiswa pamwe chete uye dzakaenzana, pamwe nekuchengetedzwa kwakabatana kuri kuziviswa. Semuenzaniso, NHL inogona kutakura mitemo yakasiyana zvakasiyana, asi masangano anoramba achizivisa uye anotarisa zvizere zvehuwandu hwemakore mashanu ehupenyu hwevanhu vane NHL-iyo yemhando dzose dzakabatana-iyo yakanzi iine 69 kubva muzana inobva kuvanhu vakawanikwa pakati pe2002 na2008 Nhamba idzi dzinogona kubatsira kumasangano nemakomiti, asi kazhinji hazviwaniki zvakawanda munzira yekubatsira kune varwere.
Nenzira yakawanda, HL inofananidzwa seimwe yenzira inoporesa uye inoporesa yekenza painobatwa muzvikamu zvayo zvekutanga, uye HL inogona kupora kunyange mumatanho ekupedzisira. Zvisinei, panewo mamiriro eHL anodzoka mushure mekurapa uye / kana zvakaoma kubata. Pakati peNHL, kune marudzi akanzi anonyanyisa kana kukura zvishoma uye izvo zvinokurumidza kukurumidza pasina kurapwa.
Kana Uchangobva Kuongororwa Neukemia kana Lymphoma
Kune avo vanobata nehutsva kana huchangobva kuongororwa neukemukemia kana lymphoma, zvinowanzoita kuti uchinetseka uye uchinetseka. Tora rimwe zuva pane imwe nguva, uye nguva dzose bvunza mibvunzo. Nehurukuro dzorugare, kenza yekubatsira ropa uye mapoka ehupenyu, uye kunyange nhepfenyuro, pane mikana yakawanda yekubatana nevamwe vanogona kunge vakave nezvakaitika zvakafanana. Shandisa mikana iyi yekubatana nekudzidza kune vamwe.
chinangwa chekuvhara zvinyorwa zveukwepa uye lymphoma muChirungu Chinyorwa. Kana zvakakosha, kugoverwa kunosanganisirawo zvinyorwa zvinongororwa uye hubatanidzwa kune zvinhu zvakanaka pane imwe nzvimbo paWebhu kuti iwe uongorore iwe pachako. Semuenzaniso, mishonga yevarwere kubva kuNational Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) yakagadzirirwa kubatsira varwere vachitaurirana navanachiremba vavo pamusoro pezvakanakisisa zvokurapa zvechirwere chavo.
Kurarama Neukemia kana Lymphoma
Kuongororwa ndiko kungotangira rwendo rwekenza. Kunyange zvazvo pasina munhu aizotora "kano" kuti ave nekenza, vazhinji vanopukunyuka kenza vanoti matambudziko nematambudziko, pamwechete nehuwandu hweshingi hwavanosangana zuva rega rega, vose vanoshumira kuchinja hupenyu hwavo nenzira yakanaka uye vanovapa maonero asinganzwisisiki kuti vakanga vasingagoni kufunga kare.
Kubva pane zvaunotarisira nekurapa, migumisiro , kushungurudzika mupfungwa, kubata nekuneta uye kukonzerwa nekenza, kana kupemberera rimwe gore rehupenyu hwako bhonasi, rwendo rwekenza rungave nehuwandu uye hutsika, saka chengetedza zvakare mune imwe nguva itsva.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe kana mudiwa wako achangobva kuongororwa kuti ane leukemia kana lymphoma, zvakajairika kunzwa sokunge iwe uri woga, kana kuti musoro wako uchinetseka nemafungiro emhepo, kupesana, uye dzimwe nguva, kutsamwa uye kutya.
Shingairira kuziva kuti hausi wega . Kunzwisisa chirwere chako uye kuchinjira kuhupenyu mushure mekuongorororwa zvose zvakakosha muku "kugadzirisa chikara." Kanzira upenyu-huchichinja, asi kune nguva dzose tariro.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures. http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@editorial/documents/document/acspc-044552.pdf .
> Cheson BD, Fisher RI, Barrington SF et al. Mazano ekutanga kuongorora, kuongorora uye kupindura mhinduro yeHodgkin uye isiri Hodgkin lymphoma: urongwa hwekugadzirira. J Clin Oncol . 2014; 32 (27) 3059-3068.
> Leukemia & Lymphoma Society. http://www.lls.org/disease-information.
> NCCN Mirayiridzo yeArapa yeCancer by Site. https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.asp.