Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) ndiyo inowanzosiyana neyeukemia kune vanhu vakuru munyika dzekuMadokero. Izvo zvinoitika kana pane kukanganisa kweiyo genetic (mutation) kune imwe sero iyo inowanzoitika kuva yeropa reyero rega rega rinonzi lymphocyte.
CLL yakasiyana nedzimwe maitiro eukemia nokuti genetic mutation haisi kungokonzera kukura kusingadzorwi kwema-lymphocyte mumumvuri, asi zvinogumawo mumasero asingatevedzeri tsika yakakwana yemasero ekufa.
Izvi zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kwenhamba yeLLL lymphocytes muropa.
Munenge mapfumbamwe makumi mashanu emazana eCLL muWest, rudzi rwe lymphocyte runobatwa neB-lymphocyte (B-cell CLL). T-cell CLL inowanzozivikanwa munzvimbo dzeJapan uye nhoroondo chete ye5% yemhosva muUnited States
Izvo zvisina kukwana lymphocytes muhutachiwana hwekushaya ropa rehutachiona dzakakura zvakanyanya pane izvo zvinowanikwa muropa rinokonzerwa neukemia. Nemhaka yokuti ivo vakakura zvakanyanya, vanogona kuita zvakawanda zvemabasa ezvakakwana lymphocytes. Somugumisiro, chirwere chisingaperi chinokonzerwa neukemia chinogona kuenda chisingateereri kwenguva yakareba musati asati aona zviratidzo.
Kune nguva apo munhu ane hutano angave ane high lymphocyte count, uye izvi hazvirevi kuti vane leukemia. Aya masero anokonzera utachiona anowanzoenda mukukwirira kwemazinga munguva dzekurwara. Muchiitiko cheCLL, kunodarika kwechimwe rudzi rwe lymphocyte hunoitika (zvichienderana nekuti genetic mutation yakamboitika chii) uye masero, apo akakura, anoratidza unhu husina kunaka.
Basa rinokosha rezvirwere zvehutano hwakanaka mumuviri nderekubudisa maununoglobulin, ayo ari mapuroteni anobatsira kurwisa utachiona. MuCLL, lymphocyte dzisina kukwana haigoni kubereka immunoglobulins (kana "antibodies") inoshanda zvakanaka uye inodzivirirawo vasina kenza lymphocytes kuti irege kubudisa zvirwere zvinoshanda.
Nemhaka yeizvi, vanhu vane CLL vanowanzoona zvirwere zvinowanzoitika.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Kune vamwe varwere, CLL inokura zvakanyanya uye zviratidzo zvingave zvisinganyatsoonekeki. Kunyangwe apo nhamba ye lymphocytes inosvika pakakwirira muropa, kazhinji haigoni kukonzerwa kwemamwe masero eropa semasero matsvuku nemaplatelets.
Varwere vane mhirizhonga yemarudzi eCLL kana avo vane zvirwere zvakapfuura zvinogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvekutakura pamapfupa ekugadzirwa kwemafuta emamwe masero esero pamwe nezviratidzo zvinowanikwa nemakirini emakondomu akawedzerwa.
CLL varwere vanogona kuziva:
- Kuonda
- A kazhinji "mafungiro" asina kunzwa
- Night sweats
- Kunzwa kwakaneta kusati kwasunungurwa nehusiku hwakanaka hunovata
- Kudzorera lymph nodes
- Vanowanzorwara zvirwere
- Pain kubva pakamanikidzwa kwemaitiro emakona akawedzerwa kune nhengo dzakapoteredza
- Matambudziko ekubvisa
Zviratidzo izvi zvinogonawo kuva chiratidzo chemwe, zvisati zvanyanya kuoma. Kana iwe uchinetseka nezvekuchinja kupi kune hutano hwako, unofanira kutsvaga mazano kubva kunechiremba wako.
Is CLL a Leukemia kana Lymphoma?
Lymphocytic leukemia uye lymphoma zvose zvinoitika apo lymphocytes inowedzera nenzira isina kudzora. Zvose zviri zviviri zvinogona kuve nokuputika kwemakirini anonzi lymph nodes uye zvose zvinogona kuratidza kuwandisa kwema-lymphocytes muropa.
Ichokwadi, musiyano pakati pezvirwere izvi zviviri zvinonyanya muzita chete.
Mumwe murwere anonzi ane CLL kana ane lymphocytes yakawanda mukupararira uye kuderera kweiyo nodes. Asiwo, varwere vane node dzakakura zvikuru, asi pedyo nejena masero machena anoverengeka muropa anorondedzerwa seine duku lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), rudzi rwusingaiti Hodgkin lymphoma.
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mazwi CLL ne SLL anoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana sezvavari chaizvoizvo chirwere chakafanana chinopiwa nenzira yakasiyana.
Risk Factors
CLL inowedzera kuva neukemia yevanhu vakwegura, uye yevhareji yemakore ekuongororwa kuva 65.
Zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana zvevanhu vanoonekwa kuti vane CLL vanopfuura makore makumi mana.
Kufanana nemamwe marudzi eukemia, masayendisiti haazive kuti chii chinokonzera CLL, asi pane zvishoma zvingaita kuti vanhu vauye pangozi yakakura yekuikuridza:
- Kuisa kune dzimwe mishonga inokonzera tsvina, yakadai sezvipembenene nemishonga
- Kutapukisa nemamwe mabhakitiriya kana mavairusi akadai sevanhu -t-lymphocytotropic virus (HTLV-1)
- Kuva neshamwari yekutanga, yakadai sehanzvadzi, neCLL inogona kuwedzera ngozi kune nhatu kusvika mana
Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzeukemia, kusvibiswa kwemahara hazviiti sechinhu chinokonzera ngozi.
Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekuwana CLL, vanhu vazhinji vane ngozi idzi havazombovi neukemia, uye vazhinji vane leukemia havana mungozi.
Kuisa pfungwa yacho kumusoro
CLL inoitika kana kukanganiswa kweDNA yesero kunokonzera kuwedzera kudzora uye kuwandisa kwemakirinikiti. Izvi zvinotungamirira kune nhamba dzakakwirira dze lymphocyte mukupararira, iyo inogonawo kuunganidza mumakirini emakirini. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vanhu vane CLL vacharatidza zviratidzo zvishomanana sezvo chirwere ichi chinogona kunge chichinonoka kufambira mberi.
Sources:
Chirorazzi, N., Rai, K., Ferrarini, M. "Mechanism of Disease: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." New England Journal of Medicine 2005; 352: 804-15.
Lin, T., Byrd, J. "Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia uye Nezvimwe Zvirwere Zvinonzi Leukemi" muChang, A., Hayes, D. Pass, H. et al. eds. (2006) Oncology: An Evidence-Based Approach Springer: New York. pp. 1210- 1228.
Hillman, R., Ault, K. (2002) Hematology mu Clinical Practice 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill: New York.
Zent, C., Kay, N. "Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Biology uye Current Treatment" Nhoroondo dzeOncology Current 2007; 9: 345-352.