Iyo Philadelphia chromosome inotsvaga kuwanikwa mumasikirwo emasero eropa emunhu-kuwana kunobatsira kwekemukemia. Iyo inonyanya kuuya inotaura nezve "Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia."
Kunyanya kunyanya, chirwere chinokonzerwa neukemia chinogona kunzi "Philadelphia-chromosome-positive (Ph +) chronic myeloid leukemia " (CML) kana "Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph +) acute lymphoblastic leukemia" (ALL).
Chromosome Refresher
Muchikamu chesero rimwe nerimwe, molekemu weDNA yakaiswa muhutano hwakafanana nehutu hunonzi ma chromosomes. Chromosome imwe neimwe inoumbwa neDNA yakasimba yakavharwa-kakawanda--poteredza mapuroteni anonzi histones. Kunze kwekuti sero iri kuparadzaniswa muviri, chromosomes haisi kuonekwa mukati memusikisi-kwete kunyange pasi pekroscope. Izvi ndezvokuti mune imwe sero isina kuparadzanisa, DNA haina kuzorwa uye kure zvakanyanya, sezvo iri kushandiswa nesero munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, DNA iyo inogadzira makromosomes inonyanya kusungirirwa panguva yechipinda chemukati uye inowanikwa pasi pe microscope se chromosome.
Chromosome imwe neimwe ine chimiro chayo chaiyo, uye nzvimbo yemageneti chaiwo inogona kuwanikwa maererano nechitarisiko che chromosome. Apo zvose zvisikwa zvemajini zviri muchitokisi chemunhu zvinotunganidzwa, pane 23 mapaundi emaikromosomes, nokuda kwema-chromosomes makumi mana nemakumi mana mune imwe sero.
Zvechokwadi, marudzi akasiyana emiti uye mhuka dzine nhamba dzakasiyana dzema chromosomes. Chibereko chinobhururuka, somuenzaniso, chine maviri emakromosomes, asi murazi unodyara une 12 uye imbwa, 39.
The Philadelphia Chromosome
Iyo chromosome yeFiladelphia ine nhau uye zvigadziro, asi nokuda kwezvinangwa zvinoshanda, inogona kurondedzerwa sechinhu chisina kufanira che chromosome 22 umo chikamu che chromosome 9 chinotumirwa kwariri.
Mune mamwe mazwi, chikamu che chromosome 9 nechikamu che chromosome 22 inoputsa uye inoshandisa nzvimbo. Apo bhizimisi iri rinoitika, rinokonzera dambudziko mumakemikari - geni rinonzi "bcr-abl" rinoumbwa pa chromosome 22 apo chikamu che chromosome 9 chinosunga. Kushandura kromosome 22 kunonzi Philadelphia chromosome .
Mafupa emasero masero ane Philadelphia chromosome inowanzowanikwa mune chirwere chisingaperi chine myelogenous leukemia uye dzimwe nguva inowanikwa muacute lymphocytic leukemia . Kunyange zvazvo chladosome yeFiladelphia inowanzofungidzirwa maererano ne CML uye ALL, inogonawo kuuya kune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, zvakadai se "kuchinja kweFiladelphia translocations," uye "Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloproliferative disease."
Saka iwe unoona, iyo Philadelphia chromosome inoshanduka mazita ehutachiona ayo ave mararamiro akasiyana-siyana mumishonga, anobatsira pakutsanangura mamwe marariya nehupo hwahwo, uye mamwe marariya nokusavapo kwawo.
Sezvimwe chikamu chekuongorora kwavo, vanachiremba vachatarisa kuvapo kwePhiladelphia chromosome kubatsira kubatsira kana murwere achibatwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzeukemia.
Iyo yeFirladelphia chromosome inongowanikwa mumasero eropa akabatwa. Nemhaka yekukuvadza kweDNA, chromosome yePhiladelphia inoita mukugadzirwa kwemhepo yakasvibiswa inonzi tyrosine kinase.
Pamwe pamwe nezvimwe zvisingaiti, iyo enzyme inokonzera kenza yekenza kukura isingadzorwi.
Vanachiremba vachatarisa kuvepo kwekusava nemafungiro aya pavanenge vachiongorora sampuli kubva mumapfupa enyu emafuta ekutsvaga uye biopsy kuti vabatsire kunyatsoongorora.
Kuzivikanwa kweChriselphia chromosome muma1960 kwakatungamirira mberi zvikuru mukurapa CML. Izvi zvakateya nheyo yenguva itsva yeCLL therapy inonzi "tyrosine kinase inhibitors," saGleevac (imatinib mesylate) uye Sprycel (dasatinib).
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Tasigna (nilotinib) akatenderwa kuporesa vanhu vatsva vachangobva kuongororwa kuti Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph +) CML muchikamu chisingagumi.
Nilotinib inonziwo tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
Sources
Goldman, J. naDaley, G. (2007). Chronic Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Muna Melo, J., uye Goldman, J. (Eds.) Myeloproliferative Disorders (pp.1-13). New York. Springer.
Sherbenou, D. uye Druker, B. "Kushandisa kuwanikwa kweChristelphia chromosome" Journal of Clinical Investigation August 2007 117: 2067-74.
Adamson PC. Kuvandudza Migumisiro yevana vane kenza: Kuvandudzwa kweMagetsi Matsva. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015; 65 (3): 212-220.
Nowell PC. Kuwana kwePhiladelphia chromosome: maonero evanhu. Zvinyorwa zveKliniki Investigation. 2007; 117 (8): 2033-2035.