Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) chirwere chemuropa chinokanganisa vana, kunyange chinogona kukanganisa vanhu vakuru zvakare. Inoshandurwawo seyakadai seyumuviri lymphoblastic kana acute lymphoid leukemia. Zvose zvinokanganisa kutakura lymphocyte-rudzi rwechichena chezivi rega-rinozivikanwa sehupfumi.
Overview
Zvose chaizvoizvo kenza inowanzoonekwa nevana, inotarisirwa kumapoteredza 25 muzana yeukondombera hwevana.
Pedyo ne7000 vanhu vanokura Zvose gore negore nevanenge vanenge 1 500 vafa, asi zvinenge zviviri zvezvitatu zveavo vanofa vakura.
Ichi chirwere chimwe chinofambira mberi nekukurumidza uye chinoratidzwa nenhamba yakawanda yemasero matsvuku eropa asina ropa muropa nepfupa remafupa. Kunyange munguva yakapfuura iyi iyi yaive chirwere chinouraya nokukurumidza, ikozvino zvikuru inoponeswa nechemotherapy .
Tsanangudzo yakadaro yekuva nehasha uye inoponesa panguva imwechete inogona kuvhiringidza kune vamwe vanhu, kunyanya kana iwe ukaitika kuti uverenge bhuku rekare rezvokurapa rinorondedzera ALL sekenza yakaipa kwazvo. Nokudaro, inogona kubatsira kufunga pamusoro pokuti chemotherapy inoshanda sei, nekurwisa masero ekuparadzanisa zvakanyanya.
Mune nguva iyo tine mishonga yakanakisisa yemakemikrasi, kuva nekenza ine utsinye kunogona kuonekwa se "nani," pane zvishoma pakuziva kuti tine nzira yekubata nechisimba chirwere ichi.
Mishonga inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, zvakasiyana, haikwanisi kuporeswa nechemotherapy. Uye apo kenza iyi, zvinosuruvarisa, inowanikwa muvana, vana vanowanzoita zviri nani kupfuura vanhu vakuru vane chirwere.
Chii Chinonzi Lymphoblasts?
Lymphoblasts isiri mhando yemhando yemhando yeropa rega rega rinonzi lymphocytes.
Mune mapfupa emapfupa, chirongwa chinonzi hematopoiesis chinoitika, izvo zvinoreva kuti kuumbwa kwemasero edu ezvirwere nemasopa.
Izvi zvinotanga ne hematopoietic stem cell iyo inogona kuchinja pamwe chete nemutsetse we myeloid (iyo inobva yava iyo yeropa rechechi yeropa rakazivikanwa se granulocyte, tsvuku yeropa, kana platelet) kana mutsetse we lymphoid. I-lymphoblast "mwana" mune izvi. Lymphoblasts inogona kuenderera mberi kuva T lymphocytes (T masero), B lymphocytes (B masero), kana Killer Natural Killer (NK cells.)
Zvinokonzera
Hazvizivikanwi izvo zvinokonzera ZVOSE, asi zvipingamupinyi zvinogona kuisa:
- Zvimwe zvipenyu, zvakadai seA Down syndrome
- Mimwe chromosomal inoshanduka kana kuchinja kwemashoko
- Kujekesa kune zvinhu, zvakadai seBenene
- Mu utero (kutora pamuviri) kutaridzika ku-ray-rays
- Kunyatsoratidza kurapwa kwekenza, kusanganisira rayation therapy uye chemotherapy
Zviratidzo
Sezvo lymphoblasts "ichirarama" mumapfupa emapfupa , marudzi ose emasero eropa anosanganisira masero eropa, masero matsvuku eropa, uye maplatelets anogona kuchinjwa. Masero machena eropa anobudiswa-kunyange kana akawandisa kupfuura akajairika muhuwandu-asingashandisi sezvinoitika uye pane kazhinji kacho kuderera kwenhamba yemamwe mavara emasero eropa, masero matsvuku eropa, uye maplatelet.
Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kuneta uye kushaya simba
- Pallor
- Fivhiri (fivha yevasingazivikanwi inobva kuvana) kana usiku inopika
- Kakawanda zvirwere (izvi zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuziva muvana vanogara vachiwana zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana gore negore)
- Kudzora
- Kupfupika kwemhepo
- Deredza kuderedza chido uye kushaya kurasikirwa
- Petechiae (ganda mavara anoonekwa ari matsvuku uye haazoperi paunenge uisa kuoma paganda-usaisa blanch)
- Kutambudzika kwepfupa uye pamwe chete, kunyanya mumapfupa marefu
- Uturu husina kuremara huri kuwedzerwa lymph nodes mumutsipa, masimba, uye kugomera
- Unyoro hwemusoro wekurudyi kana kuruboshwe mudumbu, pasi pemakwenzi
Kuziva
Zvose zvinowanzotanga kufungidzirwa zvichienderana nekuwedzerwa kwechichena cheyero rega rega nekuwedzera kwenhamba yemamine lymphocytes.
Mamwe mimwe miedzo yakaitwa muhutano hwekuongorora ingasanganisira:
- Kuwedzera ropa kuongororwa
- Bhuna marora rinonyangadza
- Kufungidzira miedzo kutarisa tumarara, kunyanya mudumbu, muchifuva, kana mumutsara
- Kuputika kwekwenyuka ( musimbi wepelinha inoitwa kutarisa kuvapo kwekenza masero mu-cerebrospinal fluid)
Kurapa
Zvinogona kubatsira kunzwisisa pakarepo kuti, kusiyana nemamwe makondombera, chemotherapy ye ALL inowanzoitwa kwemakore mashomanana, pane vhiki shomanana.
Kurapa kweZOSE kunogona kuputsika kusvika mumatanho anotevera, asi kazhinji kunosanganisira chemotherapy yakasimba (stem cell transplants uye remishonga inonzi radiation dzimwe nguva chikamu chekurapa pamwe chete):
- Induction therapy (apo kuregererwa kwekugadziriswa) -Zvose pavanoonekwa, danho rokutanga ndedzere kuderedza kuwanda kwemafuro uye kudzorera kugadzirwa kwemasero anowanikwa mumasese emapfupa. Izvi zvinosanganisira chemotherapy ine utsinye uye dzimwe nguva inoitwa sechipatara. Apo danho iri rapera, mumwe munhu ane ALL anowanzo muregere.
- Kubatanidza -Nhanho inotevera (inofungidzirwa imwe yenhanho mumushure-induction therapy) ndeye "kuchenesa" chero masero emukenza "akasiyiwa" mushure mekurohwa kwechirwere.
- Kurapa kwekuchengetedza -Kana mushure mekunge kenza iyi iri mukuregererwa, uyezve kurapwa kwakabvisa chero nguva inopedza masero ekenza , ine tsika yekudzoka pasina kutarirwa zvakare. Maintenance therapy yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kudzokorora kweukemia uye kuguma nekugara kwenguva refu.
- Kuchengetedza / CNS kurapa -Kana zvose zviripo mu-cerebrospinal fluid, intrathecal chemotherapy inowanzoitwa, sezvo vazhinji vane mishonga yemakemikari vasingamboyambuki ropa reropi. Kune vana vakawanda uye vanhu vakuru vasingabatanidzi neCCS, kurapwa (kusanganisira iyi pamwe chete nehutachiona hwemazuva ano) kunoitwa kudzivirira kenza yekuratidza kana kudzoka muuropi.
Kufananidzira kwevana kwakanaka kune vakura kune vose. Iye zvino, pedo ne95 muzana yevana vanobudirira kuregererwa uye nepamusoro kwe80 muzana yevana vacharamba vachirarama kwenguva refu nehosha.
Kutsigira uye Kukunda
Kazhinji kacho mwana ari kuona ALL, saka rubatsiro runofanira kutungamirirwa kune vose vana vanogara naVOSE nevabereki vavo. Dzidza zvakanyanya sezvaunokwanisa pamusoro peswere. Tsvaka rubatsiro. Kurapa kwehupukamu hwemaperembudzi ndiyo marathon panzvimbo yeprint uye inogona kubatsira kubvumira vamwe vevanhu kupa rubatsiro kuziva kuti haufaniri kuchida pakarepo, asi kufadza kubatsira apo nguva inopfuurira.
Kutsigira vana vane kenza kwakavandudzika pamusoro pemakore gumi apfuura uye kunyange misasa yevana vanorwara nechirwere ichi yavapo munyika yose. Iyi misasa inobatsira vana kuti vanzwe sokuti havasi kurasikirwa pane izvo vezera ravo vasina kenza vari kufara.