Kuti uchengetedze utachiona hweHIV , huwandu hwekuongororwa kweropa hunowanzoitwa panguva imwe neimwe yekushanyira chiremba. Kana ichitaridzirwa migumisiro yezviedzo, vanhu vazhinji vachaona ma CD4 count uye mutachiona hwemtachiona uye yakawanda kwazvo kune vamwe vose. Uye kunyange kana mamwe mazita kana mashizha akave anonzwisisika, kazhinji zvinonetsa kunzwisisa zvavari kunyatsoreva kana kuti zvinoshanda sei kwauri somunhu oga.
Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti izvi zvinongororwa zvinokosha zvakakosha sekutaura kwako HIV. Vanogona kunge vanofanotaura nezvehutachiwana huri kuenderera mberi kana kuyera mhinduro yako kune zvakatemwa nemishonga-kuona kana kudzivirira migumisiro yemaitiro inowanzoitika. Nokuwana kunzwisisa kunokosha kwezvishoma zvekuedza uku kukuru, iwe uchave nani kukwanisa kutora chikamu munharaunda yekuchengetedza yako HIV mune imwe nzira iyo inoshanda uye inozivikanwa.
Chii Chinowanzoitwa "Chaiwo"?
Paunenge uverenga ruzivo rwebazi, zvigumisiro zvinowanzoratidzwa muhuwandu hunokosha. Aya maitiro anobva aenzaniswa ne "zvakasarudzwa" akarondedzerwa pamushumo, izvo zvinoratidzwa nepamusoro uye nepamusoro. Kucherechedza kunopiwa kune zviyero izvo zvinowira panze kwehutano hwakanaka sezvo izvi zvingaratidza kuti zvinogona kukanganisika. Nheyo dzisina kunaka dzimwe nguva dzakasimbiswa muchigarire kana zvinoratidzwa ne "H" dzepamusoro uye "L" dzepasi.
Iyo yakarongeka yakaenzana yakavakirwa pamatunhu aunotarisira kuwana mukati mehuwandu hwehuwandu hwenyika yako chaiyo yenyika.
Sezvo vakadaro, havasi kuratidzira izvo zvingave "zvakajairika" kune munhu anorarama neHIV. Kana chigumisiro chinowira kunze kwetarisiro yakatarwa, haifaniri kunge ichiita kuti inyeke. Ingorongedza izvi nechiremba wako uyo anogona kuve nani kuti aone kukosha kwayo.
Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti migumisiro inogona kusiyanisa kubva kubasa kuenda kune labhi, zvichida nekuda kwekuedza nzira kana midziyo yekuedza.
Nokudaro, zvakanakisisa kushandisa mabhii mamwechete kumayero ako ose. Panguva imwe chete, edza kuita zviedzo zvako pane zvakawanda-kana-zvishoma panguva imwe chete yekushanyira. Zvidzidzo zvechizvarwa zvinogona kuchinja pakufamba kwezuva, sezvazvinokwanisa kana munhu ari kurwara, akapera, kana kuti achangobva kupemerwa. Kana iwe usiri kunzwa zvakanaka pazuva rekuedzwa kwako, ungada kufunga nezvekugadzirisazve rimwe zuva apo uri kunzwa zviri nani.
Complete Blood Count
Nhamba yakakwana yeropa (CBC) inoongorora makemiti uye mazamu eropa rako. Nhengo yekuedzwa inotarisa masero anotarisirwa kutakura okisijeni uye carbon dioxide mumuviri pamwe chete neavo vanorwara utachiona uye vanobatsira kudzivisa kubuda ropa.
ICBC inogona kubatsira mukuongororwa kwehutachiona, chirwere chekushaya ropa, chirwere chemoto, uye humwe humwe humwe hutano hwehutano. Anemia ndeimwe yemigumisiro inobatanidza neRetrovir (AZT) , somuenzaniso, muedzo weiwo unogona kuona maitiro emapfupa ekuderedza kunokonzerwa nemishonga.
Pakati pezvikamu zveCBC ndezvekuti:
- Hemoglobin (Hb) -Iyo ipuroteni inowanikwa mumasero matsvuku eropa ayo anosunga oksijeni uye inoiponesa zvakananga kumatumbu. Low hemoglobin values inobatanidza neanemia. Iron inowedzera dzimwe nguva inorondedzerwa mumatambudziko akaoma esimbi inoshaya anemia.
- Platelets (PLT) -Masero aya ane mutoro wekubatsira kumisa kubuda ropa. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vane HIV vachiwanzova nehutsika hwe PLT kupfuura huwandu hwevanhu, kana hunyoro, izvi zvinokosha hazvirevi hazvo. Zvose zviviri nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NRTI) uye HIV pachayo inogona kuwirirana nechechi dzakaderedza PLT (inonzi thrombocytopenia) uye zvirwere zvine chokuita neHIV, zvakadai se lymphoma uye mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) .
- Sero rekuyera ropa (WBC) -Masero eropa akawanda (leukocytes) ndiwo muviri wemasero anorwisa utachiona. Kunyange zvazvo WBC yakaderera isingawanzozivikanwi kune vanhu vane HIV, maitiro akaderera zvakanyanya angava chiratidzo chekutachiona kwakakomba. CD4 lymphocytes iri pakati pemasero anoumba WBC. Zvimwe zvinosanganisira neutrophils (iyo inotarisa mabhakitiriya nedzimwe mimwe mitumbi), eosinophils (zvipembenene, marwadzo), uye basophils (vane basa rekusunungura histamines panguva yechando kana kuti kurwisa).
Ropa Mafuta
Aya maedzo anoitwa kuti aone kuwanda kwemafuta akasiyana (kana kuti "lipids") muropa, kusanganisira cholesterol uye triglycerides . HIV pachayo inobatanidzwa nehuwandu hwehuglyceride uye LDL cholesterol ("cholesterol yakaipa") pamwe nekuderera kwema HDL cholesterol ("zvakanaka cholesterol").
Mimwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, yakadai seprotease inhibitors (PIs) , inogona kukanganisa mazinga echidimbu pamwe chete. Kuongorora maitiro aya kunonyanya kukosha kune vanhu vane HIV sezvo ivo vane inenge 50 muzana mikana yakawanda yekukura kwehutano hwemwoyo kupfuura huwandu hwevanhu.
Zvinyorwa zvakasiyana zvinosanganisira:
- Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) -Low-density lipoprotein inokonzera cholesterol kubva pachiropa kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri uye inosanganiswa nekuvhara kweiyeri. Kana munhu akakwidziridza LDL mazinga, kuchinja kwezvokudya uye / kana kuti kuderedza mishonga yemakemikari inogona kuratidzwa, kunyanya kune avo vari PIs.
- High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) - Kusiyana neizvi, chirwere ichi chinoderedza ngozi yehutano hwemoyo nokubatsira kubvisa cholesterol yakaipa kubva mumatumbu uye kuchidzorera kuchiropa chemetabolism.
- Triglycerides -Iyo ndiyo mafomu emafuta ayo muviri unodzivirira simba. Mazinga ekuratidza kuti triglycerides anowanzobatanidzwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona kana kuti pancreatitis .
Chiropa Basa Rakaedzwa
Iri ndiro jeri rekuedza rinotarisa kuti chiropa chinoshanda zvakadini. Chiropa ndiro nhengo inokonzera metabolism yemafuta, makhahydrates, uye mapuroteni uyewo kubudisa biochemicals zvinoda kudyiwa. Iyi miedzo inogona kubatsira nekucherechedza chirwere cheropa kana hepatitis pamwe nekukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nokushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, doro, kana zvimwe zvinodhaka.
Chiropa chinogamuchira mishonga sechinhu chinotyisa uye, saizvozvowo, inovaita sechikamu chekubvisa kwayo. Izvi zvinogona dzimwe nguva "kushanda zvakanyanya" nechiropa, zvichiita kuti kuve nekukuvara (kunonzi hepatotoxicity). Vamwe varwere vane mishonga yeHIV Viramune (nevirapine) kana Ziagen (abacavir) vangawana hutachiona hwehutachiona hunoita kuti hupatotoxicity inowanzoitika mukati memavhiki ekutanga kana mwedzi yekutanga kurapwa.
Uyezve, inenge yechitatu yevaAmerica vane HIV inotapukirwa nehepatitis B (HBV) kana hepatitis C (HCV) . Kutarisa LFTs chinhu chinokosha pakuziva zvirwere izvi.
Miedzo yekuziva inosanganisira:
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) -ALT inyanzvi inowanikwa muropa. Uyu muedzo unoshandiswa kuona kuora mwoyo kwechiropa kana chirwere chenguva refu. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeAlT dzinogona kuratidza hutachiona hwehupatachi hutachiona. Mukuwedzera kune hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, pane-zvinodhaka zvinodhaka uye mishonga yemishonga dzimwe nguva zvinokonzera kuwedzera mazinga eAl pamwe newaini, zvinodhaka, uye kunyange maestamine A.
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) -SV is enzyme inoberekwa mumasumbu uye mishonga mumuviri wose, kusanganisira chiropa. Uyu muedzo unoshandiswa pamwe neAAR kuti uone zvinetso zvinoshanda kana zvisingaperi zvechiropa. Kana zvikwata zvepamusoro zvese zviri zviviri zvinowanika, kuora kwechiropa cheimwe rudzi kungave kuripo.
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) - Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvechiropa ndechokubudisa bile, iyo inobatsira mukudya mafuta. ALP inyanzvi inowanikwa mu bile duct yechiropa. Apo iyo bile inoyerera inononoka kana ichivharidzirwa, mazinga e ALP anowedzera. Zvakasimudza kukwidziridzwa kweAIDS zvinogona kuratidzira chiropa kana nduru chinetso chinokonzerwa nechikonzero chekudzivirira (zvakadai sematombo enduru) kana utachiona. Yakawandisa alkali phosphate mazinga anogonawo kuratidza chinetso chepfupa. Mushandi wako wezvechiremba acharonga kunzwisisa kuti nei mazinga ari kumusoro uye kana kuwedzerwa kunokonzerwa nechiropa kana pfupa.
- Bilirubin -Bilirubin chinhu chinonzi yellowish chinowanikwa mu bile. Yakamutsa bilirubin maitiro anoita kuti jaundice ione muhutachiona hwehupatachi hutachiona. Iyo HIV mushonga weRIV Reyataz (atazanavir) inogonawo kukonzera kukwidziridzwa kwebilirubin mune zvimwe, zvichikonzera kuchena kweganda nemaziso. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvisingawanzofungidzi kuti zvinokuvadza kana zvinoratidzira dambudziko rechiropa, rinogona kuvhiringidza kune avo rinosangana.
Renal Function Tests
Iyi ndiyo miedzo inokonzera kushanda kwepimpowo iyo inowirirana neurinary system, inoshanda semafuta kuropa uye kubatsira nekutonga electrolytes, mazana ehu pH uye ropa. Iyi miedzo inogona kujekesa nephropathy-kukanganisa kana chirwere chetsvo-kana kuongorora zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemishonga nezvimwe zvinhu.
Kuteerera nehutachiona hweHIV kunobatanidza nehuwandu hwehutano hwekufa, nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe12 muzana pasi rose. Mishonga yakawanda inogona kukanganisa maitsvo, ndicho chikonzero basa rehvo rinofanira kuongororwa nguva dzose. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kune chero mishonga yeHIV ine tenofovir (kureva, Truvada , Atripla ) sezvo inozivikanwa kuti inokonzera kupererwa kwepfungwa uye kunyange kukundikana kune vamwe.
Chii chatinofanira kutarisa nacho:
- Creatinine -Creatinine inobatanidzwa nemisungo yemasabolism, inogadzirwa nenzira yakakwana uye yakaderedzwa kuburikidza neitsvo. Kuchinja kwema creatinine kunogona kuratidzira chinetso neitsvo, asi kunogona kuva mugumisiro wekushandisa kwemimwe mishonga kana kupfuura-the-counter zvinowedzera, zvakadai sekudzivirira kwekusika kunowanzozivikanwa nevatambi vechikoro.
- Urea -Urea inonzi proproduct yeprotheni metabolism, iyo yakanyanyiswa kubva mumuviri mumurini. High urea mazinga angave anoratidza kukanganisa kusagadzikana, kushaya tsvina, kana kupera mvura.
- Inofungidzirwa glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) -Ukuyera uku kunofungidzira kuwanda kweropa mafungiro filter paminiti. Kuderedza tsika dzakanaka zvinoratidza kukanganisa kwenhema. Kuongorora maitiro aya kunonyanya kukosha kune avo pane chero mishonga inogona kuchinja itsvo
> Sources:
> Islam, F .; Wu, J .; Jansson, J .; et al. "Kuve nehutano hwehutano hwemwoyo pakati pevanhu vanorarama neHIV: kuongorora nekugadzirisa uye kuongorora meta." HIV Mishonga. March 13, 2012; 13 (8): 453-468.
> Alter, M. "Epidemiology yehutachiona hwehutachiwana hweHIV nehutachiona hwehutano." Nyaya yeHepatology. Kurambana kweViral Hepatitis, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA. 2006; 44 (1): S6-S6.
> Joint United Nations Program yeHIV / AIDS (UNAIDS). "2015 Nyaya yeUnited AIDS yeAIDS Global Epidemic ." Geneva, Switzerland; ISBN: 978 92 4 1508934.