Overview
Kune mhando mitatu yakakosha yekukanganiswa : acute, subacute, uye chisingaperi chekukanganiswa. Kana chifukidziro chako chichiripo kwemavhiki masere matatu, iwe wakanga uine chifukidziro chakanyanya chakagadziriswa. Mahara anogara anopfuura masvondo matatu asi masvondo masere masere anotorwa seancute. Kufuridzira-hutachiona hwehutachiona hunoonekwa sehubacute. Zvisinei, kana iwe uine chifukidziro chakagara kwevhiki dzinopfuura masere, chifuva chako chichaonekwa sechisingagumi.
Kana kuora kwako kwave kwakapfuurira kwemazuva anopfuura makumi matatu mushure mekunge uchitonhora, iwe unogona kunge uine hutachiona hunotapukira. Kunyange zvazvo huwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hunopararira hutachiona hwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nekufema hutachiona hwezvirwere , hungave hwakabva kune hutachiona hwehutachiona kana hwehutachiona.
Chinoita Kuti Tive Nharo
Wati wambotanga kukohwa here pawakanzwa mumwe munhu akapfeka chikafu kana kuti zvinonhuwira zvakawanda . Kana kuti zvimwe unenge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinyura uye wakanga uchinge uchikandira kubvira ipapo. Kugunun'una inofungidzira iyo inogona kukonzerwa nemasikirini nemakemikari ekukurudzira. Kunyange zvazvo inowanzozivikanwa kuti inoenda kumhepo yepamusoro, kukoromora reflex kunogona kukonzerwa mukati: kumusoro uye kunopfurikidza nemapfupa ekufema, pericardium (mwoyo tissue), sophagus, diaphragm uye mudumbu.
Mechanical receptors inokonzera chifupa kana ichigunzva kana kutamiswa. Makemikari receptors inopindura kana ichiiswa kune: kuchinja kwekushisa, kubudiswa kune asidi, kana zvinhu zvakafanana ne capsaicin.
Mvumo dzakapoteredza dora, trachea, uye bronchi, zvinogona kukonzerwa nemasikirini kana makemikari zvinoreva. Kana magetsi kana makemikari zvinogadzirwa, unotanga kukwezva.
Kuwanda
Iwe unowanzove sei kuva nekukanganwa kwepasita? Mushure mekutarisana nehutachiona hwepamusoro hwekudzivirira utachiona hwehutachiona, 11 kusvika ku25 vanhu vanenge 100 vacharamba vachikanganiswa mushure mehutachiona.
Munguva ino, hauzogadziriswi, asi iwe uchange uine chifukidziro chinoputika chingave kana chisingakanganisi mabasa ako ezuva nezuva. Kana zvakadaro iwe wakawana fungal kana bhakitiriya kumusoro kuputika kweutachiona seMycoplasma pneumoniae kana Bordetella pertussis (hutachiona hwehutachiona), njodzi yako inowedzera kusvika anenge 25 kusvika ku50 muzana yengozi yekuva nehutachiona hwepashure.
Kukurudzirwa kwemashure kwehutachiona kunowanzoitawo kuti ruzive ruzivo kakawanda mumwedzi yechando nekuda kwekuwedzera kwepamusoro ekufema maitiro. Kuvhiringidzika kunowanzova nehuwandu hwechikoro-vana vezera; ichiona zvikamu zvinomwe kusvika kune gumi pagore. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakuru vanongowanikwa 2 kusvika ku5 episodes gore negore, njodzi hainyanyi kukosha kune vana kana vakuru.
Zvinokonzera
Chikonzero chokuti iwe uchengete chifukidziro mushure mokumusoro kwepamuviri yeutachiona utachiona hachisi pachena. Kunyange zvakadaro zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuramba kuri kuvhiringidza uye kukanganisa maitiro epamusoro kana pasi pasi (epithelial) kutendeseka kubva kunotonho inotarisirwa. Sezvo zvipfeko zvinoputika kubva kumhepo yepamusoro (sezvinoitwa mushure-kumarara), kukoromora reflex kunogona kukonzerwa. Zvinokonzera kukonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwepachivi mushure mekunge zvinosanganisira:
- kuporesa syncytial virus (RSV)
- furuwenza (chirwere)
- parainfluenza (inowanzobatanidzwa ne croup )
Nguva Yokuona Chiremba
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, iwe haufaniri kuisa chiremba kuchikwata chemashure. Zvisinei, kana iwe uchiramba uchinge uchinge uchinetseka kana uine dambudziko kwauri, uye usati wakaramba kwenguva refu kwemavhiki masere, iwe uchada kuona chiremba wekununurwa kwezviratidzo kana kuwedzera basa.
Kuziva
Pasi pemamiriro ehupenyu haufaniri kutora kuongororwa kwekukanganiswa kwepachivi mushure mekunge uchangobva kuva nepamusoro yepamusoro yekutapukirwa kwehutachiona uye uine chifukidziro chisina kuramba chakareba kwemavhiki masere. Zvisinei kana iwe uine zviratidzo zvinotambudza zviri kuchinja hupenyu hwako, unoda kuona chiremba.
Chiremba wako achatora nhoroondo yakazara inosanganisira kubuda kwehutano hwako, pamwe nehutano hwekukanganiswa kwako ikozvino. Kurwiswa kwemashure-hutachiona hunoonekwa nekusabvisa zvimwe zvinokonzera (etiologies) zvekugara kwenguva refu. Zvichienderana nezvenhoroondo yako, chiremba wako angada kubudisa kunze kwezvikonzero izvi zvechirwere chisingaperi:
- gastroesophageal reflux chirwere (GERD)
- laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)
- kumativi ekumusoro kwekukanda chirwere (UACS)
- asthma
- dzimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi zvemhepo
- mishonga-induced
Chiremba wako haazofanirwa kukuedza iwe chimwe nechimwe chezvikonzero izvi. Vachaona kana chimwe cheizvi chichifanira kuongororwa zvichienderana nekuongorora kwechiremba uye nhoroondo yezvechiremba.
Kurapa
Pasina kurapwa, kurwiswa kwepachivhara mushure mokunge utachiona huchagadzirisa pachako. Zvisinei kana kuora kwako kuchikwanisa kuchinja mararamiro ako, unogona kuona kuti nguva yekugadzirisa iri pakati pevhiki nhatu ne8 inotora nguva refu. Kana zvakadaro, iwe uchada kuona chiremba wekurapa zviratidzo. Kune maitiro maviri akasiyana ekurapa maitiro ayo chiremba wako achakuongorora iwe kuti iwe upe rubatsiro rwakanakisisa.
Kuti zvikuitire zvakanaka, chiremba wako achada kuziva kana chikwata chako chepachivi-chikafu chinokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwemvura (ikozvino kunonzi sepamusoro pemhepo yekudzivirira chirwere) kana kana zvakabatana zvakananga nekuvhiringidza kana kugunzva receptor kuchinja kubva utachiona hwehutachiona.
Chirwere chinokonzerwa nepamusoro pemhepo yekukanda syndrome (UACS) ine mishonga imwechete sekunge iwe wakabatwa neineallallgenic UACS. Sokutanga mushonga wokurapa, chiremba wako achakupa iwe wezera rekutanga antihistamine. Kunyange zvazvo chikwata chemishonga chinowedzera kupfurikidza kupfuura vazhinji vatsva antihistimines, ivo vanoshanda zvakanyanya mukuderedza kuputika kwako kwepachirwere. Antihistamine iyo inogona kunge inowanzotaurwa inosanganisira:
- brompheniramine
- chlorpheniramine
- clemastine
Zvisinei kana iwe uchida kushanda kana kuva wakanyanyisa uye kushevedza-nemigumisiro ye antihistamines yakanyorwa pamusoro apa isingadi, unogona kushandisa mishonga iyi yechizvarwa chechipiri:
Kufuridzira kwemaputi mushure meUACS kunobatana zvakananga nekushandura mumakumbo emhepo uye kugunzva zvinokonzera kubva kuhutachiona hwehutachiwana hwako. Chirwere chekugumburwa kwemashure mushure mekuda munyaya iyi chakafanana nekukanganiswa kwemafi . Chiremba wako munyaya iyi angave iwe unotora methacholine kana antihistamine chinetso chekuedza kuti uone kana une bronchial hyperreactivity. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwemararamiro ako iwe uchagadzirirwa imwechete kana kupfuura yemhando inotevera yemishonga:
- inhaled glucocorticoids
- inhaled bronchodilators
- leukotriene receptor vavengi
- mutemo prednisone
Kana kuedza kwako kusingaratidzi kuratidza hutachiona hwehutachiona, zvinogona kubatsira kuedza imwe yeipratropium bromide (Atrovent). Atrovent yakaratidza kuti iri kubudirira mushure mekutachiona kwehutano kana chifukidziro chakasiyana nechirwere hachifungidziri.
Sources:
Braman, SS. (2006). Kuchengetedza Kwepasipo: ACCP Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 129 (1 Suppl): 138S-146S.
Hughes, J & Shield, MD. (2009). Kwete-chaiyo yakasara yakaramba ichikanganiswa. Zvipatara uye Utano hwevana, 19 (6): 291-293.
Rutter, P. (2013). Kuporesa System. Community Pharmacy: Zviratidzo, Kuziva uye Kurapa. Yakasvika pana Gumiguru 29, 2016 kubva pa http://www.clinicalkey.com. (Kubhadhara Kunodikanwa)
Sylvestri, RC & Weinberger, SE. (2014). Kuongororwa kwekudzivirira uye kusingaperi mushumo kune vanhu vakuru. Yakasvika musi waOctober 29, 2016 kubva pawww.www.tripodate.com. (Kubhadhara Kunodikanwa)
Sylvestri, RC & Weinberger, SE. (2016). Kurapa kwehupombwe uye kusaputika kwenguva refu kuvanhu vakuru. Yakasvika musi waOctober 30, 2016 kubva pawww.www.tripodate.com. (Kubhadhara Kunodikanwa)