Leukemia chirwere chekenza chinokanganisa mafupa uye ropa. Marrow ndiyo mhuka inowanikwa mukati mezvivako zvemafupa ako apo "hematopoiesis" kana kuti masero eropa anoitwa inoitika.
Four Types
Kune machina mana makuru eukemia:
- Acute Myelogenous (kana myeloid) Leukemia (AML)
- Acute Lymphocytic (kana lymphoblastic) Leukemia (ALL)
- Chirwere Chisingaperi (kana myeloid) Leukemia (CML)
- Chronic Lymphocytic (kana lymphoblastic) Leukemia (CLL)
Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvina zvirwere zvehuukemukari zvine mharidzo yakasiyana uye mishonga yakasiyana, dzose dzinotanga muchitokisi mumupfupa.
Lymphocytic vs. Myelogenous
Leukemia inonzi "lymphocytic" kana kuti "lymphoblastic" kana kuchinja kwekenza kunotanga nemhando yemaroriseri iyo inoumba lymphocytes, iyo inonzi white cell. Leukemia inonzi "myelogenous" kana "myeloid" kana kuchinja kwekenza kunotanga nemhando yepafu marrow cell iyo, kana ine utano, inopfuurira kuumba masero matsvuku eropa, maplatelet, nemamwe marudzi emasero machena.
Acute Leukemia
Acute leukemias inomuka kubva kumadiki mashoma "masero" masero, myeloblasts kana lymphoblasts. Aya masero eukamu eukemia haana kushandiswa uye haashande semasero ezvisikwa. Vanodzinga masero anowanzo mufupa, iro rinokonzera kuderera kwenhamba yemasero matsva akaenzana akaitwa mumusi. Pasina kurapwa, chirwere chinokonzerwa neukemia chichapfuurira nokukurumidza.
Chronic Leukemia
Mazuva anonzi leukemias ane zvishoma kana kuti haasisina "masero" masero uye anowanzofambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura acute leukemias. Iyo isingagumi myelogenous leukemia (CML) sero rinoshandisa masero eropa kuti ashande kakawanda, asi zviyero zvinova zvakakwirira zvekuti vanobudisa kunze kwekugadzirwa kwemamwe masero akadai semasero matsvuku eropa.
Mune chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), mishonga yakawanda yakawanda isingashandisi inobudiswa. Iyi masero asina kukwana anoshandura uye anopindira nebasa remazuva ose anorasika mumarrow uye lymph nodes uye kunowedzera simba rekudzivirira muviri. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvose CML neCLL zvine simba rekushandura kuva nenyonganyonga yakaoma yeukemasia.
Risk Factors
Sezvo nemhando dzakawanda dzekenza, iyo chaiyo inokonzerwa neukemia haina kuzivikanwa. Vanhu vazhinji vane zvipingamupinyi havangambogadziri chirwere ichi, uye vamwe varwere neukemia havazivi ngozi. Kune AML, zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvinowanzoonekwa uye zvinosanganisira:
- Down Syndrome uye mamwe mararamiro emagetsi
- Kutanga kurapwa nechemotherapy
- Kugara kwenguva refu kumakemikari anonzi "benzenes" mumagariro asina ngozi
- Kusvuta
- Kuchengetedzwa kwemazuva ano, kusanganisira mazairo ekurapa mamwe maitiro ekenza
Zvidzidzo zvekuona kuti nei zvikonzero uye zvipingamupinyi zvekugadzira mamwe maitiro eukemia zviripo.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo izvo munhu ane chirwere chakakomba chinokonzerwa neukemia chinokonzerwa nenhamba shoma dzemasero matsvuku eropa (kana oxygen anotakura masero), platelets (iyo inobatsira muropa rekuvhara ropa), uye masero machena (ayo anobatsira kudzivirira utachiona) marrow anorwara anokwanisa kubudisa.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvehutachiwana hwehutachiona zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kunzwa kuneta, simba rakadzika
- Kuoma kufema kana uchiita mabasa anogara achiita
- Pallor kana ganda ganda
- Mafivha kana usiku anoputika
- Kutema uye matambudziko anotora nguva yakareba kuporesa
- Kuwedzerwa ropa richibva pamaronda maduku
- Tinyoro tsvuku pasi peganda (rinonzi "petechiae")
- Achy mafupa kana majoini
- Kuramba uine zvirwere kana chirwere chausingaoneki se "kurwisa"
Vakawanda vanorwara neukemukari varwere havazove nezviratidzo uye zviratidzo uye kazhinji vanoona kuti vane chirwere ichi mushure mekushanda kweropa kubva pane tsika yekuongorora. Dzimwe nguva, kana chirwere chacho chiri kupfuura, vanogona kuwana zviratidzo zvakafanana kune achirwere chekuropafadzwa neukemia.
Zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvinogona kunge zvisinganzwisisiki uye zvinogona kuvhiringidzika kune dzimwe zvirwere zvakawanda. Kana iwe uine hanya nezvezviratidzo zvauri kutarisana nazvo, nguva dzose iri pfungwa yakanaka yekutsvaga mazano kubva kune wako wehutano wehutano.
Summary
Leukemia ikenza yemapfupa uye inotungamirira mukugadzirwa kwemasero asina ropa. Pakupedzisira, izvi zvisingasviki "masero eukemia" achatora masero eropa akafanana semasero matsvuku eropa uye maplatelets.
Leukemias inorondedzerwa nemhando yemaseli yavakagadzira kubva (myelogenous or lymphocytic), uyewo nekukurumidzika kwekemukemia kukura uye kufambira mberi (acute vs. chronic). Kunyange zvazvo zvirwere izvi zvine chimiro chakafanana, ivo vose vakasiyana mune zviratidzo nezviratidzo, kuti vanofambira sei uye kuti vanobatwa sei.
Sources:
Caldwell, B. (2007). Acute leukemias. MuCiesla, B. (Mupepeti) Hematology in Practice (pp. 159-185). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: FA Davis Company.
Finnegan, K. (2007). Matambudziko anokonzera myeloproliferative. MuCiesla, B. (Mupepeti) Hematology muKushanda (pp.187-203). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: FA Davis Company.
Munker, R. (2007). Acute Myelogenous Leukemias. Munker, R., Hillier, E., Glass, J. et al (eds.) Mazuva ano Hematology: Biology uye Clinical Management- 2nd edition. (pp. 155-173). Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc.
Munker, R., Uye Sakhalkar, V. (2007). Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias. Munker, R., Hillier, E., Glass, J. et al (eds.) Mazuva ano Hematology: Biology uye Clinical Management- 2nd edition. (pp. 173- 195). Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc.