Kana iwe kana mudiwa wave achangobva kuongororwa nekenza yekramha, zvakakosha kushandisa nguva yekugadzirisa iyo mashoko. Apo iwe unogona kunge uchiva nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva pakutsamwa kusvika pakusatenda, iwe unofanirwa kunzwa uchitsigirwa kuti watotora matanho okutanga anodiwa ekugadzirisa nehutano hwako hutsva-kureva, kudzidza nezvazvo.
Muchidimbu ichi chekenza yemukaka, tichakurukurirana zvinyorwa zvechidimbu uye chikamu chayo mune urinary tract system, sei kenza inowedzera ipapo, uye mazwi anowanzoshandiswa kurondedzera mhando dzakasiyana dzemamiriro acho.
Iva nechokwadi chokuti wakagadzirirwa zvakakwana kuti uve nehurukuro yakanyatsozivikanwa neboka rako rehutano.
Urinary Tract System
Iyo urinary system inosanganisira nhengo dzinotevera:
- Itsvo
- Ureters
- Chikafu
- Urethra
- Prostate gland (varume chete)
Itsvo dziri nhengo mbiri dzakagadzirwa nenyuchi dziri kumashure kwechimbudzi, pasi pechipfupa kuruboshwe, uye pasi pechiropa pane kurudyi. Vane mabasa matatu makuru:
- Svina doro kubva muropa
- Ita urini
- Chengetedza zvose zvinokonzerwa neropa uye munyu nemvura
Kana urinhi inoberekwa neitsvo, inofamba ichienda nehuputi yakabatana neimpvo imwe, inonzi ureter. Vaya vanonyorera vanokonzerwa nemisungo nemishutu iyo inotakisa urini pasi muchikanda.
Chidimbu chikafu chinoputika, chimiro chinoputika chinovhara urini-chakakomberedza makapu maviri panguva-uye iri mumapapiro. Paunenge uchibhururuka, kupindika kwechidzitiro, icho chinotungamirirwa neuropi yako nemumutsipa wemutsva, rinobudisa urinise kunze kwechirwere ichi mu urethra, chikwata chinotakura urori kunze kwemuviri.
Muvarume nevakadzi, urethra inoshanda basa rakafanana. Kunyange zvazvo, mumarume, urethra inopfuura nepestate gland , nhengo yeganda yakagadzirirwa pedyo nechepasi chekuvira. Kunyange zvazvo prostate gland inobatanidzwa mukubereka mune varume, haibatsiri zvakawanda kumuti wemvura inoyerera.
Nzira yeKenza Inowedzera Sei?
Nhengo dzakaumbwa nemasero uye, mune imwe nhengo yehutano, masero anokura uye anoparadzanisa mune zvakarongeka, zvakarongeka. Asi, dzimwe nguva, apo masero mukati memutezo anotanga kukura nekuparadzanisa nenzira isina kudzora, kenza inogona kuitika.
Izvi zvinowedzera kuwedzera, pakupedzisira kugadzira chiremera kana mashoma zvinogona kupinda mumasukirwo akachengetedzeka ari pedyo, zvinokanganisa basa ravo uye zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo (semagazi mumugwa kana kurwadziwa). Kana isingarapwa, kenza inogona kupinda muropa uye / kana kuti pedo lymph nodes uye ichipararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.
Bladha ine mavara akawanda uye imwe nheyo inoumbwa nemasero akasiyana akashanda basa rakasiyana. Icho mukati-kati chechidimbu, chinonzi urothelium, ndiyo inonyanya kukonzerwa nekenza yekanyanya.
Masero ari mukati memukati anonzi masero ekuchinja, ndicho chikonzero iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa izwi re transitional cell carcinoma kana urothelial carcinoma. (Carcinoma ishoko rimwe rekenza). Masero ekuchinja anotambanudza kana chikafu chizere nemuviri uye chikadzika kana chikafu chisina chinhu.
Kunze kweUrothelium isimbi yakasara yemidzi yega uye noutsi inoteverwa nehutema muscular layer uyezve hutanda hwemafuta.
Sezvo kenza yemukomana inokura, inogona kuwedzera mukati kana kuburikidza nezvikamu izvi.
Kana kenza yemukomana ichinge yawedzera mukati mehutema muscular layer, inofungidzirwa kuva inopisa, zvinoreva kuti zvakaoma kurapa. Kanzera yepamusoro kana isiri-invasive yekenza yakanyanya kurapa, sezvairi.
Mufananidzo mukuru pano ndewekuti kenza yemukaka yakawanda inowedzera kunze, iyo yakanyanya kufambira mberi iyo inova uye yakaoma zvikuru iyo inogona kuva yekurapa. Pakupedzisira, kenza yemukaka inogona kupararira kunzvimbo dzisina kunze kwechimbiso kana kunyange kune dzimwe nhengo, semapfupa, chiropa, kana mapapu. Izvi zvinonzi metastasis .
Mhando dzeBladder Cancer
Pasinei nokuti iwe kana munhu waunoda akawanikwa ane kenza yekramha (kana iwe unongoda kudzidza zvakawanda nezvazvo), zvinokosha kuti urambe uchiita zvakanaka mukati mako uye muhutano hwehutano.
Dzidza zvaunogona, asi edza kuti usakonzerwa zvakare mumashoko.
Gara nemufananidzo mukuru, faira mamwe emashoko aya kure, uye iva nechokwadi chekutarisana nemibvunzo chero ipi zvayo kana zvinetso newachiremba wako. Heano mamwe emhando dzakasiyana dzekenza yemukaka uye izvo iwe unoda kuziva.
Urothelial Cancer
Urothelial carcinoma (inozivikanwawo sechirwere chemukati chemukati) ndiyo inowanzosangana nekenza yepachivha, inowanikwa mune 90 kusvika 95 muzana yevarwere. Rine ma subtypes maviri:
- Papillary carcinoma
- Flat carcinoma
Izvi zvinyorwa zvinotsanangura kuti kanhi inowanikwa uye inokura mukati memukati. A papillary carcinoma inoratidzika semunwe uye ichikura kubva mukati-kati kwechando, iyo urothelium, kusvika pakati. Uye, nokuti dzinokura nechepakati, dzinofanirwa kudzivisa kupinda mumakamuri ekunze kwechidzitiro.
Kusiyana neizvi, carcinoma yakazara inotaridzika sechidimbu chakareruka kana kukura kuri mukati memukatikati chepamusoro chechivharo. Kusiyana nepapillary carcinomas, hazvisi kukura kusvika pakati.
Sodya fodya ndicho chikuru chinokonzera kukanganisa urothelial carcinoma. Inotaura nezvehafu yezviitiko zvose zvechirwere muUnited States.
Squamous Cell Cancer
Kunze kweurothelial carcinoma, kune mamwe maitiro evanhu vasina urothelial kanzira yerachiva, asi izvi hazvisi zvakajairika. Semuenzaniso, squamous cell carcinoma yechipfuva inotanga mumakanda, mapapiro mashoma anonzi squamous cells anogona kuumba muchero mushure mekunge utachiona hurefu.
Muenzaniso wekare we squamous cell carcinoma yekanyara uri mumunhu ane utachiona hweSastosoma haematobium, inowanika muAfrica uye kuMiddle East. Kurwara kwechirwere chechirwere chisingaiti kana kukanganisa kubva kune catheter inogaramo inogona kuvawo zvipingamupinyi zvekukudziridza.
Adenocarcinoma
Izvi zvinowanzoshamisika, inotora chikamu chimwechete kubva kuzana kubva muzana kubva kumakondombera ose echando muUnited States. Kungofanana ne squamous cell carcinoma, utachiona hwepasasite Schistosoma haematobium kana kushungurudzika kwenguva refu kwechirwere kunogona kuwedzera mukana wemunhu wekuwedzera adenocarcinoma.
Mamwe marudzi
Kune dzimwe mhando dzisina kufanana dzekenza yemukaka, sediki kemukari carcinoma yemukaka uye melanoma. Pasinei nemhando, zvakadaro, kurapwa kunowanzofanana nekenza yekenza yemukomana, kunyange zvazvo chemotherapy inogona kusiyana.
Chirwere chechirwere: Matanho uye maBhuku
Kusarudza kuti kenza yemunhu yakasvibiswa yakareba zvakadini inoparidzirwa inonzi inharaunda. Ichi ndicho chinhu chakakosha zvikuru chekuongorora kwechiremba sezvo inotora chirongwa chemunhu chekurapa.
Chikamu chekenza yemukakachine chikamu chinokosha chekuongororwa kwechiremba uye chinoreva maitiro emakirini emukenza anotarisa pasi pe microscope. Chirwere chechirwere chinogona kunge chiri chepamusoro-grade, zvinoreva kuti masero emukenza anotarisa mamwe semasero ane utachiona hwakanaka, kana kuti yepamusoro-grade, zvinoreva kuti masero emukenza anoita seasina kufanana uye asina kufanana nemasero emuviri.
Kenza yemukati mishoma yekodha haisati yapararira mumusana wechando, asi chikwata chepamusoro-grade chinowanzoitika. Pasi pose, izvi zvinoreva kuti kenza yepamusoro yekodha yepamusoro inowanzopa varwere mukana wakanaka wekudzorera.
Shoko Rinobva
Kuenda kenza yemukaka kunoda nguva uye kushivirira uye kutarisira kuti mugwagwa uri mberi ungave wakaoma dzimwe nguva. Asi neboka rakanaka rokutarisira uye mafungiro, iwe kana mudiwa wako unogona kunyatsogadzirisa izvo zvichauya. Ramba uchishingaira kuburikidza nekubvunza mibvunzo uye iva nechokwadi chokuti unoramba uchiita sarudzo dzakanaka zuva nezuva.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. Chii chinonzi Bladder Cancer? January 2016.
> Dadhania V, Czerniak B, Guo CC. Adenocarcinoma yechipfuva cheUriin. Am J Clin Exp Urol . 2015; 3 (2): 51-63.
> McNeil, B. Nhanho Dzokutanga-Ndakataridzirwa Nekenza Yemukaka. MuGonzalgo ML (Mupepeti), Mutevedzeri Wechirwere cheKana Chirwere (1-6). Massachusetts: Jones naBartlett Vaparidzi. 2011.
> Sharma S, Ksheersagar P, uye Sharma P. Kuziva uye Kuchengetedzwa kweKenza Yechiropa. Ndiye Chiremba weNzara . 1; 80 (7): 717-23. October 2009.