Chirwere cheHepatitis C
Hepatitis C chirwere chinopararira chechiropa chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hweH hepatitis C (HCV) . Inowanzoparadzirwa kuburikidza nehutano nehutachiwana, asi inogona kuparidzirwa kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde kana kupfuudzwa kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana panguva yekuzvitakura .
Hepatitis C inorwara zvishoma nezvishoma izvo zvinogona kuwedzera zvakasimba kubva pakurwara kwakanyarara, kufanana nemavhiki mashomanana kusvika kune chinetso chakakomba, chepenyu chinogona kukuvadza zvikuru chiropa.
Muhuwandu humwe mumatambudziko mashanu, hutachiona huchajeka pakarepo mushure mekunge utachiona, kuratidzira hapana zviratidzo zvinowanikwa zvehutachiwana muropa. Mune avo vane hutachiona huripo, pane kazhinji kazhinji, kana pane, zviratidzo zveurwere kwemakore-kunyange makumi emakore-kutevera utachiona hwekutanga. Zvimwe zvirwere, chaizvoizvo, hazvimbofambi.
Zvisinei, pakati pe10 kusvika ku30 muzana yezviitiko, hepatitis C inogona kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo inonzi cirrhosis umo chiropa chinonyangadza zvakanyanya sekuti kuderedze kukwanisa kwayo kuita zvakanaka.
Izvi zvinogona kufambira mberi kune imwe nhandare inodanwa kubhadharwa kweprhosis umo chiropa chinenge chisina basa.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (rudzi rwechirwere chechiropa) inowanzoonekwa mumatambudziko akakwirira ehepatitis C, uye inotsika inosvika kanomwe ka17 iyo yevanhu vakawanda.
Mhando dzeHepatitis C Virus
Kubvira panguva yekuwanikwa kwayo muma1980, masayendisiti ave akakwanisa kuziva zvingasarudzwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana siyana zveHCV, dzinonzi genotypes . Ikoko hukuru hukuru hweHCV genotype dzinoparadzirwa zvisina kufanana munyika yose, nemamwe marudzi anotarisa mukati memamwe mahara enyika.
MuUnited States, HCV genotype 1 inokwana anenge 80 muzana yehutachiona hwose, inoteverwa ne genotype 2 uye 3. Kusiyana neizvi, genotype 4 ndiyo inonyanya kuwanda muAfrica uye kuMiddle East, apo maitiro e-genotypes 5 ne6 anonyanya kuonekwa mu kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica neAsia, maererano.
Kuzivikanwa kwejenotype kunokosha mukusangotaurira hutachiona hwechirwere chacho, asi pakugadzirisa kuti ndezvipi zvinodhaka zvinoshanda zvakanakisisa mukurwisa imwe chirwere chetachiona.
Zvikamu zveHepatitis C Infection
Nzira yehutachiona hweHCV hainyatsozivikanwi sezvo utachiona hunogona kujekesa kune vamwe vanhu, huve hutachiwana huripo kune vamwe, uye hunoendesa kune chirwere chakakomba mune vamwe vachiripo. Zvikamu zvehutachiona zvakare zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinowanzosanangurwa sokuti zvakanyanya, zvisingagumi, kana kupera.
Utachiona hwakaoma huya hunoitika munguva pfupi mushure mokunge uchitaridzika uye unoratidzwa nekukurumidza kwezviratidzo . Muchiitiko che hepatitis C, zviratidzo zvinenge zvakanyarara "zvakanyarara," uye vanhu vashomanana chete vanogona kunge vane chirwere chakaita sechirwere, chirwere chemapupa (kazhinji mukati memavhiki maviri kusvika masere ekutsvaga).
Panguva yehutachiona hwehutachiona, HCV inonyanya kukanganisa masero eropa anonzi hepatocytes. Sezvo hutachiona huchikurumidza kutsanangurira-huchikwira huwandu hwemamiriyoni matatu ezuva nezuva-hunogona kukanganisa chiropa nekuuraya zvakananga hepatocytes uye nekuita kuti maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvirwere zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere zvinonzi lymphocytes, zvinourayawo masero ane utachiona.
Munzvimbo ipi neipi kubva pa20 kusvika ku25 muzana yematambudziko, HCV inongoerekana yajeka mukati memakore matanhatu. Mune izvo zvisingaiti, HCV icharamba ichienderera kune izvo zvinozivikanwa sehosha isingaperi .
Munguva yehutachiona husingaperi, kushandiswa kwemuviri wemuviri kunokonzera kupesana kwekupindura, izvo zvinokurudzira kugadzirwa kwe collagen nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvinhu izvi, zvinoreva kusimudzira huvakwa hwechiropa, zvishoma nezvishoma zvinokurumidza kukurumidza kupfuura muviri unogona kuvadzora. Nokufamba kwenguva, iyo nzira inokonzera kuunganidza kwemavara emucheka, zvichiita kuti kukurudzirwa kwechirrhosis inenge 10 kusvika ku15 muzana yevanhu vasingazivikanwi vane utachiona.
Mugumo wekupedzisira hepatitis C inotsanangurwa zvakajeka seyero chechirwere apo ngozi yekufa inowedzera nekuda kwechiropa kusakundikana, kenza yeropa, kana kusagadzikana kwechiropa zvakadai sekushaya mafungiro. Kudonhedzwa kweprhosis uye hepatocellular carcinoma ndiyo inowanzoguma yemamiriro ezvinhu ekupedzisira ane hutachiona hweHCV. Migumisiro yevari vaviri inowanzova murombo, kutakura makore mashanu ekupona kwemazana makumi mashanu uye 30 muzana, maererano.
Chirwere chekuwedzerwa chinonzi ndiyo chete nzira inoshanda yevatachire vane chirwere chekupedzisira chechiropa, kunyange zvazvo HCV inozivikanwa kuti idzoke inenge inenge 80 muzana yematambudziko.
Kuongororwa uye Kurapa kweHepatitis C
Hepatitis C zvirwere zvinotsigirwa neongororo yeropa nyore iyo inoona mapuroteni anodzivirirwa, anonzi antibodies , zvakananga kuhutachiona. Pavhareji, zvinotora masvondo matanhatu kusvika masere kuti muviri uve nehutachiona hwakakwana hwekuedzwa kuti uonekwe kuti hwakarurama. Mukuwedzera kune zvakakosha zvidzidzo zvekuchengetedza, kuongororwa kwakakurumidza kwave kuwanikwa, kunogona kupa zvigumisiro mumaminitsi makumi matatu.
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Kutora Harvoni (ledipasvir / sofosbuvir) yeHepatitis C
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Rubatsiro Purogiramu kune Avo Vasingakwanisi Kubatsira Hepatitis C Mishonga
Kuongororwa kweHepatitis C ikozvino kwakakurudzirwa kune vose vakuru vari pangozi yakakura yehutachiona , pamwe chete nemunhu chero upi zvake akazvarwa pakati pemakore e1945 na1955.
Kurapa kwehepatitis C kunowanzokurudzirwa apo munhu anoratidza zviratidzo zvechiropa chokuputika. Nzira uye nguva yehutachiona hunotsanangurwa nejenotype yehutachiona hwemunhu, pamwe chete nehutachiwana hwechirwere chetachiona.
Kufambira mberi munguva pfupi muHepatitis C therapy haisi chinhu chiduku chekushamisa, kunyanya paunofunga kuti HCV yakangozivikanwa chete muna 1989. Mazuva ano, kutsvaga kushandura zvakananga maitiro (DAAs) hazvisi zvishoma zvishoma uye zvinoda nguva shomanana yekurapa, zviri kurapa kurapwa mitengo yepamusoro se 99 muzana mune mamwe mapoka.
Zvisinei, kusiyana nehepatitis A kana hepatitis B , hakuchina chirwere chekudzivirira hutachiona hweH hepatitis C.
National uye Global Hepatitis C Zviitiko
Munyika yose, pakati pemamiriyoni 150 kusvika ku200 mamiriyoni vanhu vane chirwere cheHpatitis C, kana inenge chikamu chetatu chevanhu venyika. Iyo yakanyanya kukanganiswa kwezvirwere inoonekwa muNorth Africa, kuMiddle East, uye Central uye East Asia.
Kunyangwe kushandiswa kwekushandisa zvinodhaka kunoramba iri nzira yekutanga yehutachiwana munyika dzakabudirira, nzira dzisina kurapwa dzokurapa-kunyanya injandi dzisina kuchengeteka-dzinofananidzwa pakati pechinokonzera chinokonzera hepatitis C munyika inokura.
MuUnited States, hepatitis C ndiyo yanhasi inowanzosangana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, hunoita kuti inenge mamiriyoni maviri eAmerica (kana kuti inenge 1.5 muzana yevanhu vakuru). Injecting drug use use accounts for around 80% of all cases, followed by sex (10%), transmission (child) to 4%, and needle stick injury (2 percent).
Vanenge vatatu muvana vana veAmerica vanorarama nehepatitis C nhasi vakazvarwa pakati pa1945 na1955, zvichida nekuda kwekutswa ropa kwakasvibiswa. Kufambira mberi mumagadzirirwo ekuongorora maitiro kwakaderedza ngozi yakadaro kusvika kudarika rimwe chete pamamiriyoni maviri ega kuwedzerwa.
Kunyange zvazvo huwandu hwehutachiona hwekuAmerica hwegore negore hwakadzika kusvika kune zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mashanu pagore, nhamba yevakafa yakawedzerwa, kuwedzerwa HIV neAIDS semhosva inotungamirira kurufu pakati pevanhu vakuru.
Munyika yose, hepatitis C inowedzera rufu gore negore kune HIV nehutachiona pamwe chete.
> Sources:
> American Association for the Study of Chiver Disease (AASLD). Kuongororwa kweNyika Yose uye yeDare Rinokonzera Chiropa Chirwere. Washington, DC; chishumo chakabudiswa musi waNovember 3, 2013.
> Holmberg S, Ly K, Xing J, et al. Kuwedzera Kuwedzera Kwekufa Kunobatanidza neViral Hepatitis muUnited States, 1999-2007. 62Musangano Wegore Negore weAmerican Association yeChidzidzo cheChiropa Zvirwere (AASLD 2011); San Francisco; November 4-8, 2011, nyanzvi 243.
> National Institutes of Health. Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Rockville, Maryland; yakagadziridzwa musi waOctober 28, 2014.
> US Preventive Services Task Force. Final Update Summary: Hepatitis C Kuongorora. Rockville, Maryland; yakabudiswa muna June 2013.