Kukurumidza Kupararira kweHepatitis C Mavhesi Akafuridziro eGene Genetic Variation
Ikozvino pane 11 maitiro akasiyana-siyana emararamiro (genotypes) ehutachiona hweHepatitis C (HCV) munyika, kunyange zvazvo kupararira kwakanyanya kunoratidzwa ne genotypes 1 kusvika ku7. Mukuwedzera pane izvi, rimwe nerimwe rejenotype rinogona kupfuudzwa zvakare mune mamwe maonero ega, ayo inorongwa nenhamba (semuenzaniso, HCV genotype 1a kana 1b).
Kubata maitiro kunofanirwa kuve kwakakosha sezvo kunobatsira vanachiremba kuti vaone kuti zvipi zvinodhaka zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kuburikidza nehutachiona yako chaiye (kana mavairasi kana iwe uine utachiona hunopfuura HCV genotype).
Iyo nzira yekufananidzira inoda chimwe chinhu kunze kwekutsvaga kweropa rweruzhinji, muenzaniso waro unoongororwa uchishandisa teknolojia inozivikanwa se polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testay.
Genotype 1
Genotype 1 ndiyo inonyanyozivikanwa neHCV genotype muNorth America neEurope uye nhoroondo yeAIDS yeAnited States Genotype 1 inokonzerwa nehutachiona hunoonekwa pakati pezvinetso zvakaoma kurapwa, kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zvitsva zvinotarisana nemaitiro (DAAs) zviri kuitika mukurapa kwakakwirira mahara muzvitsva zvose zvakangobatwa uye zvakambobata varwere. HCV genotype 1 inogona kupfuurirwa pasi mu subtypes 1a, 1b, uye 1c.
Genotype 2
Genotype 2 ndiyo yechipiri inowanzozivikanwa neHCV genotype muUnited States, inotarisa kusvika 10% yehutachiona hwose. Kusati kwave kubudiswa kweAAAs, yaiva imwe yezvinyorwa zvekare zvinotorwa nemajini, nevarwere vane 80% mukana wekuwana chirwere chetachiona chinopesana (SVR) chinopesana nemushonga. Nhasi, iyo nhamba iri pedyo ne90% mune vakawanda varwere vanorapwa kare uye yakakura se 99% mune vatsva vanorapwa.
Genotype 2 inewo mitatu mikuru miviri: 2a, 2b, uye 2c.
Genotype 3
Genotype 3 inogara iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumaodzanyemba kweAsia uye isina kufanirwa kugoverwa muAustralia, India uye nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeFar East. Inofungidzirwa kuti vanenge 6% veAmerica vane HCV genotype 3, iyo inogona kuputsa mukati maviri mazana subtypes: 3a uye 3b.
Genotype 4
Genotype 4 inowanikwa zvikuru muAfrica, kuMiddle East, uye kune dzimwe nyika dziri kumabvazuva kweEurope. Ijipiti ine nhamba yepamusoro yevanhu vane utachiona hwejenotype 4, pamwe chete neHCV yakawanda yevanhu munyika yose. Nhamba yakakwirira yeHCV kutapurika munharaunda idzi, mune chikamu chikuru, kune utachiona 'hutachiona hwehutano hwakasiyana, hunosanganisira subtypes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, uye 4e.
Genotype 5
Genotype 5 inonyanya kuonekwa kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica uye inofungidzirwa ine zvishoma zvisiyana zvakasiyana-siyana neine imwe nhengo huru: 5a.
Genotype 6
Genotype 5 inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweChina, Hong Kong, uye dzimwe nyika dziri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia. Kufanana nejenotype 5, pane imwe huru subtype: 6a.
Genotype 7
Genotype 7 yakawedzerwa kumashoko ehurumende evanhu muna 2014 uye kusvika zvino yakataridzwa muThailand neDemocratic Republic of Congo. Iine imwe subtype huru: 7a.
Mukuwedzera, genotypes 9, 10 ne11 dzakagadziriswa, kunyange zvirwere zvave zvisiri kurega mukati meVietnam uye zvikamu zveIndonesia.
HCV Kuchengetedzwa neGenotype
Nekuuya kwehuwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, varwere vane huwandu hwekuwedzera hutano hweHCV. Pari zvino, US Food and Drug Administration yakagamuchira maDAA anotevera kuti ashandiswe kune varwere vane HCV genotypes 1-4 uye 6:
- Daklinza (daclatasvir) : HCV genotype 3
- Harvoni (sofusbuvir + ledipasvir) : HCV genotype 1
- Sovaldi (sofusbuvir) : HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 uye 4
- Technivie (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir) : HCV genotype 4
- Viekira Pak (ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir yakapetwa ne dasabuvir) : HCV genotype 1
- Olysio (simeprevir) : HCV genotype 1
- Zepatier (grazoprevir + elbasvir): HCV genotypes 1, 4 uye 6
Sources:
Rockstruh, J. "Mhedziso kubva kuEASL 2015 yeHepatitis C Yese muromo HCV DAA kurapwa munzira yayo kusvika pakugadzirisa: ichiri zvakawanda zvokudzidza." 50th Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). April 22-26, 2015; Vienna, Austria.
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. "Chronic Hepatitis C: Current Disease Management."
US Department of Veterans Affairs. "Hepatitis C Genotype."