Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chisingaperi, chinoramba chichifambira mberi chinofanira kutarisirwa zuva nezuva. Mishonga yakanakisisa, zvimwe zviwanikwa, dzidzo yakawedzerwa, uye zvigadzirwa zvakaoma zvakabatsira vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga kuti vararame nguva refu. Kunyange zvakadaro, upenyu hurefu huripo hunogona kusiya nguva yakawanda kuti iwedzere matambudziko. Izvozvo hazvirevi kuti vanhu vose vane chirwere cheshuga vane chinangwa chekutambudzika.
Pane kudaro, vanhu vanofanira kuramba vachichengetedza chirwere cheshuga kuti vadzivise nyaya mumugwagwa.
Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira zvinetso zvechirwere cheshuga ndeyekuedza kuchengeta shuga yako yeropa, ropa, uye uremu mukati mehutano hwakanaka. Nguva isati yasvika yeropa remashuga rinogona kukanganisa nhengo dzakawanda dzomuviri. Kuwedzera kweropa rega uye kuneta kunomesa mwoyo uye kunoita kuti chirwere cheshuga chive chakanyanya kuoma.
Uyewo, kuve nechokwadi kuti unoramba uchigadza nevarapi vako-chiremba mukuru, chiremba weziso, podiatrist, cardiologist-uye kuziva chero zviratidzo zvitsva zvinogona kukubatsira kuti uone nekubata zvinetso nokukurumidza. Mukuwedzera, kuchengeta ropa rako sutu rinodzorwa uye kutora mararamiro ehupenyu kunogona kudzivirira kana kunonoka kunetseka kwechirwere cheshuga.
Kunzwisisa marudzi aya ematambudziko kuchawedzera kukuziva nekukukurudzira kuzvitarisira zvakanaka.
Ndechipi Chine Matambudziko Aripo?
Chirwere cheshuga chinoratidzika sokuti macrovascular (yakakura mudziyo zvinetso) kana microvascular (zviduku zvinokonzera mudziyo).
Zvinetso zvemakemikari zvinosanganisira zvirwere zvepfungwa zvakadai sekurwadziwa kwemwoyo, kurohwa, uye kusakwana kwekuyerera kweropa kusvika kumakumbo (chirwere chepachivi arterial disease). Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvinetso zvinokonzerwa ne atherosclerosis (kuoma kwemariti). Hazvina kuchena ropa lipids, kudya kusina utano, kuwandisa kana kupfuvura, kusashandisa muviri, uye kuva nehuwandu hwemhepo kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo izvi.
Mukuwedzera pakutevedzera shuga yako yeropa, unofanira kutarisa zvose zvezviitiko izvi zvinopisa kuitira kuti iwe unogona kudzivirira zvirwere uye kuora mwoyo.
Zvinokonzera michina yakawanda zvinosanganisira kuora kwemaziso (retinopathy), kukanganisa kwetsvo (nephropathy), nekukuvadza kumitsipa (neuropathy). Iyi mhando yezvinetso zvinogona kuderedzwa kana kudzivirirwa nekuchengeta ropa rako rinenge rakachengetedzwa. Kurukurai zvinokonzera kusanganiswa neropa nechiremba wako uye chinangwa chekuzadzisa zvinangwa zvezuva nezuva.
Chii Chandinofanira Kuziva Nezve Matambudziko Aya?
Chirwere chepoyo (nephropathy): Chirwere cheshuga chinhu chikuru chinokonzera chirwere chepfungwa. Kutaura zvazviri, mumwe wevanhu vatatu vane chirwere cheshuga anoita zvirwere zvepfungwa, uye chirwere cheshuga ndicho chikonzero chinowanzokonzera mafungiro asina kukwana. Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukanganisa kukanganisa kunodzivirira maitsvo uye chikamu chepasi chepasi apo kucheneswa kunoitika. Iyo itsvo yakaumbwa nemidziyo yeropa iyo inokonzerwa nekusasa ropa. Apo mishonga yeropa inoparadzwa, chekisi inogona kuvaka muropa. Chiremba wako anofanira kutarisa basa rako repso pose paunowana basa reropa. Mukuwedzera, kugadziriswa kunoitwa kunoitwa kuti uongorore zvirwere zvepuro mumuguta wako.
Kuti udzivise hutachiona hwehupi iye anogona kukuisa pamushonga wekubata ropa, unonzi ACE inhibitor.
Zvakakosha kuedza kuchengeta ropa rako rinodzora. Kuwedzera kwemazipa eropa kunogona kuisa kunetseka pamwoyo wako uye itsvo dzako, kuomesa zvinhu kunyange kuwedzera. Kana iwe wakarayirwa mushonga, iva nechokwadi chokuti unotora. Kana iwe utsi, edza kusiya. Uye kana iwe uri munyu wakajeka, zvakanaka kuti uedze kudzivirira kudya kwakanyanya kweyamudiamu, zvakadai semidziyo yakakonzerwa, yakagadzirwa nyama, zvokudya zvekudya zvekudya, uye kudya kwechando. Aya marudzi ezvokudya akareba mu sodium, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kweropa kukura nekuisa kumanikidzwa pamidziyo yako.
Pane zvikamu zvishanu zvezvirwere zvepfungwa. Nharaunda yekutanga inofungidzirwa kuti iyo inopisa uye chirwere chekupedzisira chinopera chirwere chepfungwa, mukati mawo kurapwa kunosanganisira dialysis kana kupora kwepvo.
Kazhinji yenguva, vanhu havanzwi zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvepuro kusvikira zvafambira mberi kusvika pamagumo ekupedzisira. Saka, zvinokosha kuva noukama hwakanaka nachiremba wako. Iva murwere anogadzikana uye mubvunze mibvunzo, kuitira kuti iwe uzive kuti inobvepi mafungiro ako uye kuti inofanira kunge iri kupi.
Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti kuchengetedza sutu yako yeropa, kuwedzerwa kweropa, nekurema kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira zvirwere zvepfungwa. Mukuwedzera, kuwana itsvo dzako kuongororwa nguva dzose inzira inokosha yekuchengeta nheyo yehutano hwetsvo dzenyu.
Nzira kukanganisa (neuropathy): Neuropathy inowanzozara mumakumbo uye nemaoko, asi inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwemitsipa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri. Autonomic neuropathy inokura muchando, chirwere chekudya, uye nhengo dzinobereka . Peripheral neuropathy inobata maoko, tsoka, uye makumbo. Nhamo kurwadziwa kunogona kukuvadza. Inogonawo kukonzera zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki. Semuenzaniso, kushungurudzika kwehutano kumudumbu kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera satiety uye zvisina kukodzera ropa sutu. Dambudziko reuropathy rinowanzotsanangurwa senzwi rinopisa kana kusina simba uye kurira. Vanhu vane kurwadziwa kwepfungwa mumagumo avo vangave vakaomerwa nekuona kukuvadzwa kwetsoka, zvakadai sokumhanya pamba, kana zvichida kubvambura dombo rinopesana nezvigunwe chako. Kukuvara kwetsoka kusingatauki kunogona kutungamirira kune zvirwere zvakakomba. Yakabatana neshuga yepamusoro yeropa, kukuvadzwa kwetsoka kunogona kunonoka kuporesa uye kunogona kutungamirira kukundwa.
Iwe unowanzoita kuti uve neuropathy kana uine chirwere cheshuga kwenguva yakareba, kunyanya kana soro yako yeropa yakagara iri yakakwirira. Chinhu chakanakisisa chaunogona kuita kuti utapedze neuropathy ndeyekuti uchengetedze ropa rako rega mune zvakanaka. Kana iwe uchifungidzira chimwe chinhu chakaipa, unofanira kufanira chiremba wako.
Kana iwe wakamboonekwa uine utachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, iwe unogona kuitevera kutevedza mamwe marapirwo, zvakadai sekutevera kudya kwakakosha, kutsvaga kurayira kwepfungwa, kana kutora mimwe mishonga.
Kana wakamboonekwa kuti une chirwere chepuroparesi kana kuti unofungidzira kuti iwe unogona kuva nawo, unofanirwa kuita kuti chiremba wako aite zvakanyatsoongorora mutsara kuti atarise manzwiro ako ekunzwa pamwe nekukanganwa kwekugadzira kana monofilament. Kana iwe wakaderedza kushungurudzika, tsoka dzisina kunaka, dzakadai sezvipembenene zvefungal kana misumari, kuora mwoyo, ganda rakapwanyika, maronda kana kucheka, iwe unogona kunge uchatumirwa kune chimiro chechimiro kuitira kuti uwedzere kushanda. Kana iwe usingaoni nyanzvi yemapurisa, iva nechokwadi chekutora zvisikwa zvako neshangu pachiremba mumwe nomumwe anoshanyira. Paunenge uri kumba zvinokosha kutarisa tsoka dzako nguva dzose uye kuita tsika dzakachena. Iva nechokwadi chokuti iwe:
- Shanduka masokisi ako zuva rega rega uye ufuke zvakachena, masokisi mashoma.
- Shandisa zvipembenene zvinokonzera kuputika kwevhu (rega kumira mukati mezvigunwe).
- Dry zvakanaka pakati pezvigunwe zvako (unyoro hwakawanda hunogona kukonzera kukura kwezvirwere zvefungal).
Zvakakoshawo kuti usafamba-famba usina shangu dzisina shangu, nguva dzose bvisa shangu yako usati waisa, uye ufuke shangu dzinokodzera uye dzakanaka.
Kuora mwoyo (kuora kweziso): Kuwedzerwa kwemashuga eropa kunokonzera kukuvadza kwemidziyo miduku iri shure kweziso, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti vade ropa kana kunyura mvura. Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane mungozi yakawanda yekuvandudza maziso, zvakadai sokutapikisa, chirwere cheshuga macular edema (DME), cataract, uye glaucoma . Kana zvisina kunyatsorapwa, maziso eziso aya anogona kutungamirira pakuona kurasikirwa uye kunyange kupofu. Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanofanira kuve nekuongorora kweziso maziso pavanorwara nezvechirwere cheshuga. Kukuvadza kweziso kunotanga usati wasati wasvika chirwere cheshuga. Saka, kuva nehuwandu kwakakosha zvikuru pakudzivirira matambudziko. Kana iwe une chirwere cheshuga, iwe unofanira kutarisa meso ako kuongororwa kanenge kamwe kamwe pamakore maviri kana iwe usina uchapupu hwekudzokera shure uye kamwechete pagore kana iwe uine maziso eziso. Kudzora chirwere cheshuga-nokutora mishonga sezvakataurwa, kuramba uchiita muviri, nekuchengetedza kudya kwakanaka-kunogona kudzivirira kana kunonoka kuratidzwa kwekuona. Mukuwedzera, kuonekwa kwokutanga uye kukodzera kwakachengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza kunogona kuchengetedza kurasikirwa kwemaonero.
Kuwedzera kweropa uye chirwere chemwoyo: Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane ngozi yakawanda yekukudzivirira kuwedzerwa kweropa. Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanoitawo kaviri kuwanda kwemarwadzo emwoyo uye kurohwa kune avo vasina chirwere cheshuga. Zvakakosha kufunga nezvechirwere cheshuga, kwete sechirwere cheshuga yeropa asi sehosha yemwoyo. Kuita izvi kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kana kunonoka kukura kwezvirwere zvemoyo. Saka, zvakakosha kuchengetedza shuga yeropa, ropa, cholesterol, uye uremu mukati mehutano hwakanaka. Mukuwedzera, kana iwe utsi, unofanira kuedza kumira. Kusvuta kusvuta kunogona kuderedza ngozi yako yekurohwa uye kuderedza shuga yeropa neropa.
Kazhinji, hapachina zviratidzo zvepamusoro wekumanikidza kweropa, ndicho chikonzero inowanzotaurwa kune "muurayi anyerere." Vamwe vanhu vanofamba-famba nekunetseka kwavo vachikwira kumusoro kana kumiganhu yepamusoro vasingatombozvizivi. Kana iwe uchiona zviratidzo, iwe unogona kuva nemusoro kana kuti kunzwa wakanatswa. Kuti uchengetedze kuratidzira kweropa, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti ropa rako rinotariswa pane kushanya kwechiremba wese. Ziva nhamba dzako uye kuti chirwere cheropa chinowanzoiti chii.
Maererano neAmerican Heart Association, chirwere cheropa chinowanzosvika pasi kana chakaenzana ne 120/80 mm / Hg. Iyo nhamba yepamusoro, systolic yeropa, ndiyo inokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa mumagetsi kana mwoyo uchirova (kana uri kushanda). Uye nhamba yakaderera, diastolic, inokonzera kusangana pakati penyuchi apo mwoyo uri kupora. Kana iwe wakanga wataurirwa mushonga weropa, ita nechokwadi kuti unotora. Kana iwe wakapiwa chirongwa chemagetsi eropa kuti uone kutambudzika kwako kumba, iwe unofanira kuita saizvozvo. Ziva chiremba wako kana kukudzvinyirirwa kwako kuchikwirira kudarika. Pakupedzisira, kuchinja kudya kwako kunogona kubatsira kuderedza ropa rako. Zvokudya zvakapfuma mune sodium zvinogona kusimudzira ropa. Dzivisa kuwedzera munyu kune zvekudya zvako uye edza kudzivisa kudya zvakagadziriswa-zvekudya izvo zviri mune chinga, bhegi, kana bhokisi. Vanhu vazhinji vane ropa rinokudzwa rinobatsira kubva mukutevera DASH kudya.
Kana iwe uine mhuri yehutano hwepfungwa, iwe uri pangozi yakawanda yekuikuridza, kunyanya kana iwe une chirwere cheshuga. Asi iwe unogona kuedza kuderedza dambudziko nekuchengeta shuga yako yeropa uye lipids pane chinangwa (HDL uye LDL cholesterol uye triglycerides), muviri wako mashoma index pane imwe nzira yakanaka, chiuno chako chimiro mukati mezvakakwana, uye kuwedzerwa basa rako rekuita.
Kurukura zvinangwa zvako nechiremba wako. Vanhu vazhinji vanobatsirwa nenhamba idzi:
- Hemoglobin A1c 7 muzana kana pasi
- Kose cholesterol: <200 mg / dL
- LDL <100 mg / dL
- HDL> 40 mg / dL yevarume uye> 50 mg / dL yevakadzi
- Triglycerides <150 mg / dL
- Muchiuno cirference: Men <40 inches, women <35 inches
- Mutumbi Misa Index: 18.5-24.4kg / m2
- Kudzidzira: Ita maminitsi 150 pamusi wekuita zvinhu zvishoma
Kudzivirira Matambudziko Aya
Kumusoro kweglucose mazinga anobudisa kuchinja mumidziyo yeropa ivo, pamwe chete mumasero eropa anovhiringidza ropa kuzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuita mararamiro emararamiro ane utsinye kunogona kubatsira kuderedza diki yeropa uye kudzivisa kukanganiswa kwechirwere cheshuga. Hazvina kunonoka kutora matanho. Kunyange kana iwe uine chirwere cheshuga kwenguva yakareba, unogona kugadzirisa kuwedzera hutano hwako.
Chengetedza soro yako yeropa mumutambo wakatarisa: Iva nechokwadi chekuti unonzwisisa zvakajeka zvezvinangwa zvako zvegorosi reropa. Ropa sukari rakanyanya kukwirira (hyperglycemia) uye rakadzika kwazvo (hypoglycemia) inogona kuva nengozi. Kuchengeta sopa rako rega pane chinangwa chako chaunoda kunogona kukubatsira kudzivirira midziyo mikuru nemiduku kuti irege kukuvara. Usatsamwiswa kana iwe uine shuga yeropa rega. Asi tora matanho paunoona chimiro chemashuga eropa. Bvunza chiremba wako kana uri kuita zvose zvakafanana uye soro yako yega yega-iwe unogona kuchinjwa mushonga. Nokuti chirwere cheshuga chirwere chinopfuurira, dzimwe nguva tinoda kuchinja, kunyange patinenge tichiita zvose zvakanaka.
Kurasikirwa uremu: Kurasikirwa kwehupfumi ndeimwe yenzira dzakasimba zvikuru dzekudzikisa kusviba kweropa. Mukuwedzera, kurasikirwa kunotora kushungurudza kubva pamwoyo uye kunogona kuderedza ngozi yehosha yemoyo. Kugadzira hutano hwakanaka kunogona kubatsira kuderedza insulin nekudzivirira uye kubvumira muviri wako kushandisa insulini uri kuita. Izvi zvinotadzisa kusuruvara kubva pancreas uye zvinogona kuchengetedza beta masero (masero anoshandiswa kuita insulini). Kurasikirwa ne10 muzana yemuviri wako kunogona kuvandudza hutano hwako hwose. Kana wakanga uchiedza kushaya uremu kwenguva yakareba uye uchienderera mberi nekurwa kwako, iwe unogona kubatsirwa nekugadzirisa kudya . Chikafu chinotsiviwa chinokonori- uye yakagadzirirwa ne-carbohydrate. Vanogona kushumira kubvisa chisarudzo chekudya mukati mezuva, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kwauri kuti uderedze mafuta ako ekoriori. Kuzvidavirira pamusoro pezvokudya zvako zvinogonawo kukubatsira kuti ubatisise kuronga hupenyu hwakanaka. Wedzera kubhadhara kwako uye uwane mudzidzisi kuburikidza nekugadzira musangano nemunhu anyoresa chirwere chekudya kana chirwere chechirwere cheshuga.
Tevera kudya kwakanaka: Zvaunodya zvinokonzera kuti chirwere cheshuga chigadzirise. Carbohydrates ndiwo muviri unomutsa sutu yeropa . Zvokudya zvakadai sechingwa, mupunga, pasta, nyemba, michero, mukaka, uye yogurt zvose zvine makhahydrates. Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanobatsirwa nokudya zvokudya zvakashandurwa, zvakagadziriswa nema carbohydrate. Vanhu vazhinji vanoona kuti ropa ravo rinotapira rinonyatsochengetedzwa pavanodya kudya kwema carbohydrate . Kana kudya kwako kwakakosha mumakhahydrates, chinhu chakanaka chaungaita ndechiedza kuderedza.
Bvisa zvinwiwa zvinotapira , kuderedza masukisi uye kuderedza mapeji e-carbohydrates pazvokudya zvako kwete kupfuura 1 cup. Kana waita izvi, edza kusarudza zviri nani mishonga yemakhahydrates: zviyo zvose, marumusi, uye mishonga yemashizha ndiwo mamwe masarodhaidhyrate ari nani. Mukuwedzera pakuderedza makhahydrates, zvakanakisisa kuderedza kudya kwezvokudya zvakakangwa uye zvakabikwa, zvakadai semhuka dzakaporesa, nyama dzinopisa, uye fries dzeFrench, kutumidza zvishomanana. Aya marudzi ezvokudya akazara mumakoriyori, akazara, uye mafuta anotengesa, uye anogona kuwedzera yakaipa cholesterol, iyo inokonzera kuti atherosclerosis. Pakupedzisira, wedzera fiber yako yekudya. Zvokudya zvakapfuma mufiber, zviyo zvose , michero, miriwo , marimu, uye mbeu zvinogona kukubatsira kuti unzwe wakakwana, unomisa shuga yeropa uye cholesterol yakaderera. Zvinobatsira kudya anenge 25-38g we fiber zuva nezuva.
Shandisa zvakawanda: Zvinogona kunge zviri nyore kutaura pane kuzviita, asi kurovedza muviri kunobatsira chaizvo kuderedza shuga yeropa kuburikidza nekushandisa insulin. Mukuwedzera, kurovedza muviri kunogona kubatsira kuvaka musimba, kuwedzera simba, nekuvandudza kurara uye mafungiro. Pakupedzisira, iwe unofanirwa kuedza kurova inenge maminitsi 150 pamusi wekuita zvinhu zvishoma (zvakapararira mazuva matatu). Kana zvichibvira, iwewo unofanirwa kusanganisira mazuva maviri pavhiki yekudzivirira muviri. Kana iwe usati wamboita zvekare kare, iva nechokwadi chokuti iwe unowana rubatsiro rwezvehutano usati watanga tsika itsva.
Gamuchira chirwere cheshuga chekuchengetedza dzidzo: Munhu wese ane chirwere cheshuga anofanira kuwana chirwere cheshuga chekuzvidzivirira nekudzidzira paanorwara uye anofanira kuramba achiwana dzidzo munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzechirwere cheshuga. Kunyangwe iwe wakave nechirwere cheshuga kwemazuva mazhinji, unogona kubatsirwa nekuwana nzira yekuvandudza. Chirwere cheshuga chekudzivirira hutungamiri chinotarisa pane kuzvidzora, sekudya kwakanaka, kuita zvepanyama, kuongorora shuga, kupedza matambudziko, kuderedza dambudziko, nekugadzirisa kubata zvakanaka. Iwe unogona kusarudza kuita imwe-on-one masangano kana zvidzidzo zveboka . Kumbira chiremba wako nezvekutanga.
Unganidza boka rechiremba: Nzira huru yekuderedza njodzi uye zvinetso ndeyokugadzirisa hukama hwakanaka nechiremba wako wekutanga. Kazhinji, iye achakutaurira kune vamwe vanachiremba: chiremba weziso, chiremba wetsoka, nyanzvi yezvechirwere, gwara rekupedzisira, etc. Kuwana kuongorora kwakanaka kunogona kubatsira kutora matanho ekudzivirira kuderedza chirwere cheshuga. Kuva nechirongwa chekutanga chekutanga kunogona kukubatsira kuti uzive kuchinja. Ikukurumidza iwe kunoshandura kunoshandura mikana iri nani iwe yekurapa nyaya nekukurumidza uye kudzivirira mamwe matambudziko.
Tora chirwere chako cheshuga zvakakosha: Kazhinji, vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanotaura kuti havanzwi sokuti ropa ravo remashu rakakwirira. Somugumisiro, vanosarudza kusaporesa chirwere cheshuga. Izvi zvine ngozi zvikuru. Chirwere cheshuga chinosara chisina kutenderwa chinogona kukonzera nengozi yepamusoro yeropa, iyo inogona kukonzera zvinetso zvisingagoni kuchinjwa. Zvakakosha kutora chirwere cheshuga zvakakomba kubva pakutanga . Dzimwe nguva mararamiro ane utsinye anoshandura, kuora kurasikirwa, kudya, uye kurovedza muviri kunogona kubatsira kuderedza ropa reSukari zvakanyanya zvokuti havasisiri mune chirwere cheshuga . Zvinokwanisika kuita izvi kana iwe uchigadzirisa mafambiro ako pakarepo iwe uchiziva nezvehutachiwana hwako. Tora chiito nhasi-iwe unogona kuzviita.
Shoko Rinobva
Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chinogona kukonzera matambudziko akawanda. Asi, mashoko akanaka ndeokuti kana ukaita mararamiro anorwadza unogona kuderedza kana kunonoka dambudziko rako rekugadzirisa zvinetso izvi. Nzira yakanakisisa yekuderedza njodzi yako ndeyekuchengeta shuga yako yeropa, ropa, uremu, uye cholesterol inosvika kune yakajairika sezvaunokwanisa. Usamirira. Iva nechokwadi chokuti uri kusangana nemhando dzakanaka dzechiremba uye kuti iwe uri kuita zvinoenderana nekuchengeta kwako chirwere cheshuga. Iwe unogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka, hurefu kwenguva refu nehuga, asi unofanira kushanda pairi.
> Sources:
> American Diabetes Association. Maitiro ekurapa 2016.http: //care.diabetesjournals.org/content/39/Supplement_1
> American Heart Association. Kunzwisisa Ruzivo Rweropa Kuverengwa.http: //www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure /AboutHighBloodPressure/Understanding-Blood-Pressure-Readings_UCM_301764_Article.jsp#.V-xqU_ArK00
> National Eye Institute. Chokwadi Nezvechirwere Cheziso Maziso.https: //nei.nih.gov/health/diabetic/retinopathy
> National Kidney Foundation. Chirwere cheshuga.https: //www.kidney.org/atoz/atozTopic_Diabetes
> Power, et. al. Chirwere cheshuga chekuchengetedza dzidzo uye rubatsiro rwechirwere cheshuga chechirwere cheshuga: sangano rekubatana kwevanhu veAmerica chirwere cheshuga, veAmerica sangano revadzidzisi veshuga, uye chikoro chekudya zvinovaka muviri uye dietetics. Chirwere cheshuga. http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2015/06/02/dc15-0730.full.pdf+html?sid=edddb5d0-7234-4c1c-ba68-a00342c0bb7b